ื”ืขื‘ืจืช ืงื•ื“ ืืกื™ื ื›ืจื•ื ื™ ืžื“ื•ืจ ืงื•ื“ื ืœืงื•ื“ ืืกื™ื ื›ืจื•ื ื™/ื”ืžืชื ื”

ื”ืขื‘ืจืช ืงื•ื“ ืืกื™ื ื›ืจื•ื ื™ ืžื“ื•ืจ ืงื•ื“ื ืœ-Async/Wait ืžื‘ืœื™ ืœืฉื‘ื•ืจ ืืช ืชื”ืœื™ืš ื”ื™ื™ืฆื•ืจ

ืชื›ื ื•ืช ืืกื™ื ื›ืจื•ื ื™ ื”ื•ื ื‘ืœื™ื‘ืช ืืจื›ื™ื˜ืงื˜ื•ืจื•ืช JavaScript ืžื•ื“ืจื ื™ื•ืช, ื•ืžืืคืฉืจ ืœืžืขืจื›ื•ืช ืœื”ืชืžื•ื“ื“ ื‘ื™ืขื™ืœื•ืช ืขื ืืœืคื™ ืคืขื•ืœื•ืช ื‘ื• ื–ืžื ื™ืช. ืขื ื–ืืช, ื™ื™ืฉื•ืžื™ื ืืจื’ื•ื ื™ื™ื ืจื‘ื™ื ืขื“ื™ื™ืŸ ืชืœื•ื™ื™ื ื‘ืขื™ืฆื•ื‘ื™ื ืžื•ื ืขื™-ืงืจื™ืื” ื—ื•ื–ืจืช ืฉื ื›ืชื‘ื• ืฉื ื™ื ืœืคื ื™ ืฉ-Promises ื•-async/await ื”ืคื›ื• ืœืกื˜ื ื“ืจื˜. ืžื‘ื ื™ื ื™ืฉื ื™ื ื™ื•ืชืจ ืืœื”, ืฉืœืขืชื™ื ืงืจื•ื‘ื•ืช ืžื•ืจื—ื‘ื™ื ื•ืžืชื•ืงื ื™ื ืฉื•ื‘ ื•ืฉื•ื‘, ื™ื•ืฆืจื™ื ืฉืจืฉืจืื•ืช ื‘ื™ืฆื•ืข ืกื‘ื•ื›ื™ื ืฉืงืฉื” ืœืงืจื•ื, ืœื‘ื“ื•ืง ื•ืœืฉื ื•ืช. ืžืขื‘ืจ ืžืžื‘ื ื™ื ื›ืืœื” ื”ื•ื ื‘ืœืชื™ ื ืžื ืข, ืืš ื™ืฉ ืœื‘ืฆืข ืื•ืชื• ืžื‘ืœื™ ืœืคื’ื•ืข ื‘ื™ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืช ื”ื™ื™ืฆื•ืจ ืื• ืœืื‘ื“ ืืช ื™ื›ื•ืœืช ื”ืžืขืงื‘ ื‘ื™ืŸ ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ื ืชืœื•ื™ื™ื ื–ื” ื‘ื–ื”.

ืงื•ื“ ืืกื™ื ื›ืจื•ื ื™ ืžื“ื•ืจ ืงื•ื“ื ืžืฆื™ื’ ืกื™ื›ื•ืŸ ืชืคืขื•ืœื™ ืžืฉืžืขื•ืชื™. ืฉื›ื‘ื•ืช ืงืจื™ืื” ื—ื•ื–ืจืช ืžืฆื˜ื‘ืจื•ืช ืขื ื”ื–ืžืŸ, ื•ื™ื•ืฆืจื•ืช ืœื•ื’ื™ืงื” ืฉื‘ืจื™ืจื™ืช ืฉืžืกืชื™ืจื” ืชืœื•ื™ื•ืช ื‘ื™ืŸ ืžื•ื“ื•ืœื™ื ื•ืžืžืฉืงื™ API ื—ื™ืฆื•ื ื™ื™ื. ืฉื™ื ื•ื™ ืงื˜ืŸ ื‘ื—ืœืง ืื—ื“ ืฉืœ ื”ื–ืจื™ืžื” ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื”ืฉืคื™ืข ืขืœ ืชื”ืœื™ื›ื™ื ืœื ืงืฉื•ืจื™ื, ื•ืœื’ืจื•ื ืœืชื•ืฆืื•ืช ืœื ืฆืคื•ื™ื•ืช. ื‘ื“ื™ืงื” ืกื˜ื˜ื™ืช ืœื‘ื“ื” ืื™ื ื” ืžืกืคื™ืงื” ื›ื“ื™ ืœื—ืฉื•ืฃ ืงืฉืจื™ื ืืœื”. ืืจื’ื•ื ื™ื ื–ืงื•ืงื™ื ืœืชื•ื‘ื ื•ืช ืžื•ื“ืขื•ืช ืœื–ืžืŸ ืจื™ืฆื” ื•ืœืชืœื•ืช ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ื‘ื˜ื™ื— ืžื•ื“ืจื ื™ื–ืฆื™ื” ื‘ื˜ื•ื—ื”. ืฉื™ื˜ื•ืช ื›ื’ื•ืŸ ื ื™ืชื•ื— ื”ืฉืคืขื•ืช ื• ื•ื™ื–ื•ืืœื™ื–ืฆื™ื” ืฉืœ ืชืœื•ืช ืœืกื™ื™ืข ื‘ื–ื™ื”ื•ื™ ื ืชื™ื‘ื™ ื‘ื™ืฆื•ืข ืงืจื™ื˜ื™ื™ื ืฉื—ื™ื™ื‘ื™ื ืœื”ื™ืฉืืจ ืœืœื ื”ืคืจืขื” ื‘ืžื”ืœืš ืฉื™ืคื•ืฅ.

ื”ืืฆืช ื”ื’ื™ืจื” ืืกื™ื ื›ืจื•ื ื™ืช

ื’ืœื” ื›ื™ืฆื“ SMART TS XL ืžืื™ืฅ ื”ื’ื™ืจื” ืืกื™ื ื›ืจื•ื ื™ืช ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ื•ื™ื–ื•ืืœื™ื–ืฆื™ื” ืžื“ื•ื™ืงืช ืฉืœ ื”ืฉืคืขื•ืช.

ื’ืœื” ืขื›ืฉื™ื•

ืžืขื‘ืจ ืž-callbacks ืœ-Promises ื•-async/await ื“ื•ืจืฉ ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžื”ืžืจื” ืชื—ื‘ื™ืจื™ืช. ื”ื•ื ื›ืจื•ืš ื‘ืฉื™ื ื•ื™ ืืจื›ื™ื˜ืงื˜ื•ื ื™ ื”ื“ืจื’ืชื™ ืœืขื‘ืจ ื–ืจื™ืžืช ื ืชื•ื ื™ื ื‘ืจื•ืจื” ื™ื•ืชืจ, ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ืฉื’ื™ืื•ืช ืžืื•ื—ื“ ื•ื‘ืงืจืช ื‘ื™ืฆื•ืข ืžื•ื“ื•ืœืจื™ืช. ืžืขืจื›ื•ืช ืืจื’ื•ื ื™ื•ืช ืœืจื•ื‘ ืื™ื ืŸ ื™ื›ื•ืœื•ืช ืœื”ืจืฉื•ืช ืœืขืฆืžืŸ ื›ืชื™ื‘ื” ืžื—ื“ืฉ ืžืœืื”, ื•ืœื›ืŸ ืžื”ื ื“ืกื™ื ื—ื™ื™ื‘ื™ื ืœื”ืกืชืžืš ืขืœ ืžื•ื“ืจื ื™ื–ืฆื™ื” ื”ื“ืจื’ืชื™ืช. ื˜ื›ื ื™ืงื•ืช ื›ื’ื•ืŸ ื’ื™ืฉื•ืจ ืงื•ื“ ื”ื™ื‘ืจื™ื“ื™, ื‘ื™ื“ื•ื“ ืชื›ื•ื ื•ืช ื•ืคืจื™ืกื” ืžื“ื•ืจื’ืช ืžืืคืฉืจื•ืช ืœืฉื™ืคื•ืจื™ื ืืกื™ื ื›ืจื•ื ื™ื™ื ืœื”ืชืงื™ื™ื ื‘ืžืงื‘ื™ืœ ืœืœื•ื’ื™ืงืช ื™ื™ืฆื•ืจ ืงื™ื™ืžืช. ื’ื™ืฉื” ื–ื• ืžืฉืงืคืช ืืช ืืกื˜ืจื˜ื’ื™ื•ืช ื”ื”ื’ื™ืจื” ื”ืคืจื•ื’ืจืกื™ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื”ืžืชื•ืืจื•ืช ื‘- ืื™ื ื˜ื’ืจืฆื™ื” ืจืฆื™ืคื” ืขื‘ื•ืจ ืฉื™ืคื•ืฅ ืžื™ื™ื ืคืจื™ื™ื, ืฉื‘ื• ืžืขื‘ืจื™ื ืงื˜ื ื™ื ื•ืžื‘ื•ืงืจื™ื ืžืฉืžืจื™ื ืืช ื”ืžืฉื›ื™ื•ืช ื”ืชืคืขื•ืœ.

ืฉื™ื ื•ื™ ืคืงื˜ื•ืจื™ื ื’ ืฉืœ ื”ืชื ื”ื’ื•ืช ืืกื™ื ื›ืจื•ื ื™ืช ื—ื•ืฉืฃ ื’ื ืชืœื•ื™ื•ืช ืืจื›ื™ื˜ืงื˜ื•ื ื™ื•ืช ืขืžื•ืงื•ืช ื™ื•ืชืจ. ืฉืจืฉืจืื•ืช ืื™ืจื•ืขื™ื ืžื•ืจื›ื‘ื•ืช, ืงืจื™ืื” ื—ื•ื–ืจืช ืžืฉื•ืชืคืช ื•ื”ืคืฆืช ืฉื’ื™ืื•ืช ืœื ืขืงื‘ื™ืช ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœื—ืฉื•ืฃ ื—ื•ืœืฉื•ืช ืขื™ืฆื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื”ืžืฉืคื™ืขื•ืช ืขืœ ื”ื‘ื™ืฆื•ืขื™ื ื•ื”ืžื“ืจื’ื™ื•ืช. ืœื›ืŸ, ืฆื•ื•ืชื™ ืžื•ื“ืจื ื™ื–ืฆื™ื” ื—ื™ื™ื‘ื™ื ืœื”ืชื™ื™ื—ืก ืœื”ื’ื™ืจื” ืืกื™ื ื›ืจื•ื ื™ืช ื”ืŸ ื›ื˜ืจื ืกืคื•ืจืžืฆื™ื” ืฉืœ ืงื•ื“ ื•ื”ืŸ ื›ืชืจื’ื™ืœ ืžืžืฉืœ. ื”ืกืขื™ืคื™ื ื”ื‘ืื™ื ืžืคืจื˜ื™ื ื›ื™ืฆื“ ืœื”ืขืจื™ืš ืžื•ื›ื ื•ืช, ืœื‘ื•ื“ื“ ืชืœื•ื™ื•ืช, ืœืฉืœื‘ ืชื—ื‘ื™ืจ ื—ื“ืฉ ื‘ืฆื•ืจื” ื‘ื˜ื•ื—ื” ื•ืœืžื“ื•ื“ ื“ื™ื•ืง ืฉื—ื–ื•ืจ ื‘ืกื‘ื™ื‘ื•ืช ื”ื™ื‘ืจื™ื“ื™ื•ืช. ื”ื ืžืกื›ืžื™ื ื‘ืžื‘ื˜ ืžืžื•ืงื“ ืขืœ ื”ืื•ืคืŸ ืฉื‘ื•... SMART TS XL ืžืกืคืง ื ืจืื•ืช ื‘ืจืžืช ื”ืชืœื•ืช ืขืœ ืคื ื™ ืฉื™ืคื•ืฅ ืืกื™ื ื›ืจื•ื ื™, ื•ืชื•ืžืš ื‘ืžื•ื“ืจื ื™ื–ืฆื™ื” ืžื”ื™ืจื” ื•ืฆืคื•ื™ื” ืœืœื ืฉื™ื‘ื•ืฉื™ื ื‘ื™ื™ืฆื•ืจ.

ืชื•ื›ืŸ ื”ืขื ื™ื™ื ื™ื

ื”ื‘ื ืช ืชื‘ื ื™ื•ืช ืืกื™ื ื›ืจื•ื ื™ื•ืช ืžื“ื•ืจ ืงื•ื“ื ื‘ืžืขืจื›ื•ืช JavaScript ืืจื’ื•ื ื™ื•ืช

ืืจื›ื™ื˜ืงื˜ื•ืจื•ืช ืืกื™ื ื›ืจื•ื ื™ื•ืช ืžื“ื•ืจ ืงื•ื“ื ื‘-JavaScript ืžืงื•ืจืŸ ืœืขื™ืชื™ื ืงืจื•ื‘ื•ืช ื‘ืขื™ื“ืŸ ืฉื‘ื• ื–ืจื™ืžืช ื‘ืงืจื” ืžื‘ื•ืกืกืช callback ื”ื™ื™ืชื” ื”ืžื ื’ื ื•ืŸ ื”ื–ืžื™ืŸ ื”ื™ื—ื™ื“ ืœื ื™ื”ื•ืœ ืคืขื•ืœื•ืช ืฉืื™ื ืŸ ื—ืกื•ืžื•ืช. ื“ืคื•ืกื™ื ืืœื” ื”ืชืจื‘ื• ื“ืจืš ืžืขืจื›ื•ืช Node.js backend, ืžืกื’ืจื•ืช ืฆื“-ืœืงื•ื— ื•ืชืกืจื™ื˜ื™ ืื™ื ื˜ื’ืจืฆื™ื” ืฉืงื“ืžื• ืœ-APIs ืžื•ื“ืจื ื™ื™ื ืฉืœ Promise. ืขื ื”ื–ืžืŸ, ื”ืฉื™ืœื•ื‘ ืฉืœ callbacks ืžืงื•ื ื ื™ื, ืžืฉืชื ื™ ืžืฆื‘ ืžืฉื•ืชืคื™ื ื•ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ื‘ืฉื’ื™ืื•ืช ืžื•ื˜ื‘ืข ื™ืฆืจ ืžื‘ื ื™ ืงื•ื“ ืฉืงืฉื” ืœื”ืกื™ืง ืžื”ื ืื• ืœื”ืจื—ื™ื‘. ื‘ื™ื™ืฉื•ืžื™ื ืืจื’ื•ื ื™ื™ื ื’ื“ื•ืœื™ื, ืชืœื•ื™ื•ืช ืืœื” ืฉื–ื•ืจื•ืช ื–ื• ื‘ื–ื• ื‘ื™ืŸ ืžื•ื“ื•ืœื™ื ื•ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ื, ื•ื™ื•ืฆืจื•ืช ืžื•ืจื›ื‘ื•ืช ื”ืžืชื ื’ื“ืช ืœืฉื™ื ื•ื™.

ื”ื”ืชืžื“ื” ืฉืœ ืœื•ื’ื™ืงื” ืžื•ื ืขืช-ืงืจื™ืื” ื—ื•ื–ืจืช ืื™ื ื” ืจืง ืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ืฉืœ ืชื—ื‘ื™ืจ ืžื™ื•ืฉืŸ. ื”ื™ื ืžืฉืงืคืช ื”ื—ืœื˜ื•ืช ืื•ืคื˜ื™ืžื™ื–ืฆื™ื” ื”ื™ืกื˜ื•ืจื™ื•ืช ืฉื”ืชืงื‘ืœื• ื›ืืฉืจ ืžื“ืจื’ื™ื•ืช, ืžืงื‘ื™ืœื™ื•ืช ื•ื‘ื™ืฆื•ืขื™ื ื”ื•ืฉื’ื• ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ื”ืคืฉื˜ื•ืช ืžื™ื ื™ืžืœื™ื•ืช. ืœืžืจื‘ื” ื”ืฆืขืจ, ืื•ืชืŸ ื‘ื—ื™ืจื•ืช ืžื’ื‘ื™ืœื•ืช ื›ืขืช ืืช ื’ืžื™ืฉื•ืช ื”ืžื•ื“ืจื ื™ื–ืฆื™ื”. ืงืจื™ืื” ื—ื•ื–ืจืช ืžืงื•ื ื ืช ืขืžื•ืง ืžืคื—ื™ืชื” ืืช ื”ืงืจื™ืื•ืช, ืžื˜ืฉื˜ืฉืช ืืช ืกื“ืจ ื”ื‘ื™ืฆื•ืข ื”ืืžื™ืชื™ ื•ืžื’ื“ื™ืœื” ืืช ืชืงื•ืจืช ื”ื‘ื“ื™ืงื•ืช. ื›ืืฉืจ ืืจื’ื•ื ื™ื ืžืฉืชืœื‘ื™ื ืขื ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ื ืžืงื•ืžื™ื™ื ื‘ืขื ืŸ ืื• ืžืžืฉืงื™ API ืžื‘ื•ื–ืจื™ื, ืžื’ื‘ืœื•ืช ืืœื• ืฆืคื•ืช ื›ืขื™ื›ื•ื‘ื™ื ื‘ืคืชืจื•ืŸ ืชืงืœื•ืช ื•ื ืชื™ื‘ื™ ืฉื—ื–ื•ืจ ื‘ืœืชื™ ืฆืคื•ื™ื™ื. ืœื›ืŸ, ื”ื‘ื ืช ื“ืคื•ืกื™ื ืืกื™ื ื›ืจื•ื ื™ื™ื ืžื“ื•ืจ ืงื•ื“ื ื”ื™ื ืชื ืื™ ื”ื›ืจื—ื™ ืœื›ืœ ื”ื’ื™ืจื” ื‘ื˜ื•ื—ื” ืœื›ื™ื•ื•ืŸ ืžืขืจื›ื•ืช Promise ืื• ืžื‘ื•ืกืกื•ืช async/wait.

ื–ื™ื”ื•ื™ ื”ื™ืจืจื›ื™ื•ืช ืฉืœ ืงืจื™ืื” ื—ื•ื–ืจืช ื”ืžืฉืคื™ืขื•ืช ืขืœ ื‘ืงืจืช ื‘ื™ืฆื•ืข

ื”ื™ืจืจื›ื™ื•ืช ืฉืœ ืงืจื™ืื” ื—ื•ื–ืจืช ืžืชืคืชื—ื•ืช ื‘ื”ื“ืจื’ื” ื›ื›ืœ ืฉืžื•ืฆื’ื™ื ืชื›ื•ื ื•ืช ื•ื ืชื™ื‘ื™ ื ืชื•ื ื™ื ื—ื“ืฉื™ื ืžื‘ืœื™ ืœืขืฆื‘ ืžื—ื“ืฉ ืืช ื”ืืจื›ื™ื˜ืงื˜ื•ืจื” ืฉืžืกื‘ื™ื‘. ืขื ื”ื–ืžืŸ, ืฉื›ื‘ื•ืช ืžืจื•ื‘ื•ืช ืฉืœ ืคื•ื ืงืฆื™ื•ืช ืžืงื•ื ื ื•ืช ื™ื•ืฆืจื•ืช ืืช ืžื” ืฉืžืคืชื—ื™ื ืžื›ื ื™ื ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืœื ืจืฉืžื™ "ืคื™ืจืžื™ื“ื•ืช ืงืจื™ืื” ื—ื•ื–ืจืช". ื›ืœ ืจืžื” ืžืฆื™ื’ื” ืœื•ื’ื™ืงื” ืžื•ืชื ื™ืช, ืžืขื‘ืจื™ ืžืฆื‘ ื•ืžื ื’ื ื•ื ื™ ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ื‘ืฉื’ื™ืื•ืช ื”ืชืœื•ื™ื™ื ื‘ืชื•ืคืขื•ืช ืœื•ื•ืื™ ื—ื™ืฆื•ื ื™ื•ืช. ื–ื™ื”ื•ื™ ื”ื™ืจืจื›ื™ื•ืช ืืœื• ื“ื•ืจืฉ ื ื™ืชื•ื— ื”ืŸ ืฉืœ ืงื•ื“ ืกื˜ื˜ื™ ื•ื”ืŸ ืฉืœ ืกื“ืจ ื‘ื™ืฆื•ืข ื“ื™ื ืžื™ ื›ื“ื™ ืœืงื‘ื•ืข ื”ื™ื›ืŸ ืงืจื™ืื” ื—ื•ื–ืจืช ืื—ืช ื™ื•ื–ืžืช ืื—ืจืช.

ืกืจื™ืงืช ืงื•ื“ ืกื˜ื˜ื™ืช ืžื“ื’ื™ืฉื” ืงื™ื ื•ืŸ ืชื—ื‘ื™ืจื™ ืืš ืœืขื™ืชื™ื ืงืจื•ื‘ื•ืช ืžืคืกืคืกืช ืงืจื™ืื•ืช ื—ื•ื–ืจื•ืช ื”ืงืฉื•ืจื•ืช ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ื“ื™ื ืžื™ ืื• ื›ืืœื” ืฉื ื•ืฆืจื•ืช ื‘ืžื”ืœืš ื–ืžืŸ ืจื™ืฆื”. ื‘ื“ื™ืงื” ืžืชืงื“ืžืช, ื›ื’ื•ืŸ ื ื™ืชื•ื— ืงื•ื“ ืžืงื•ืจ ืกื˜ื˜ื™, ื—ื•ืฉืฃ ืืช ื”ืงื™ืฉื•ืจื™ื ื”ืขืงื™ืคื™ื ื”ืœืœื• ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ื‘ื—ื™ื ืช ื”ืคื ื™ื•ืช ืœืžืฉืชื ื™ื ื•ื–ืจื™ืžืช ื‘ืงืจื”. ืžืขืงื‘ ื–ืžืŸ ืจื™ืฆื” ืžืฉืœื™ื ืชืฆื•ื’ื” ื–ื• ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ื”ืฆื’ืช ืจืฆืฃ ื”ืงืจื™ืื” ื‘ืคื•ืขืœ ืชื—ืช ืขื•ืžืกื™ ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ื“ืžื•ื™ื™ ื™ื™ืฆื•ืจ. ื™ื—ื“, ืฉื™ื˜ื•ืช ืืœื• ื—ื•ืฉืคื•ืช ืื™ืœื• ื”ื™ืจืจื›ื™ื•ืช ืฉื•ืœื˜ื•ืช ื‘ืคื•ื ืงืฆื™ื•ืช ื™ื™ืฉื•ื ืงืจื™ื˜ื™ื•ืช, ื›ื’ื•ืŸ ืื™ืžื•ืช ืžืฉืชืžืฉ ืื• ืฉืžื™ืจื” ืขืœ ื ืชื•ื ื™ื. ืœืื—ืจ ื–ื™ื”ื•ื™ืŸ, ื ื™ืชืŸ ืœืชืขื“ืฃ ื”ื™ืจืจื›ื™ื•ืช ืงืจื™ืื” ื—ื•ื–ืจืช ืœืฆื•ืจืš ืขื™ื‘ื•ื“ ืžื—ื“ืฉ ื‘ื”ืชืื ืœืžื•ืจื›ื‘ื•ืช ื•ืœืกื™ื›ื•ืŸ ืชืคืขื•ืœื™.

ื–ื™ื”ื•ื™ ืขื•ืžืง ื”ืงืจื™ืื” ื”ื—ื•ื–ืจืช (callback) ื•ื”ืชืœื•ืช ื”ื”ื“ื“ื™ืช ืžืกื™ื™ืข ืœืฆื•ื•ืชื™ ื”ืžื•ื“ืจื ื™ื–ืฆื™ื” ืœืชื›ื ืŸ ืืช ื”ื”ื’ื™ืจื” ื‘ืฉืœื‘ื™ื. ื–ื” ื’ื ืžืกืคืง ืชื•ื‘ื ื•ืช ืžื“ื™ื“ื•ืช ืœื’ื‘ื™ ืžืกืคืจ ื”ื”ืžืจื•ืช ื”ื ื“ืจืฉื•ืช ื•ื”ื”ืฉืคืขื” ื”ืคื•ื˜ื ืฆื™ืืœื™ืช ืขืœ ื›ื™ืกื•ื™ ื”ื‘ื“ื™ืงื•ืช. ื›ื›ืœ ืฉื”ื”ื™ืจืจื›ื™ื” ืขืžื•ืงื” ื•ืžืงื•ืฉืจืช ื™ื•ืชืจ, ื›ืš ื ื“ืจืฉืช ืชืฉื•ืžืช ืœื‘ ืจื‘ื” ื™ื•ืชืจ ืœืฉืžื™ืจื” ืขืœ ื”ื™ื’ื™ื•ืŸ ืขืกืงื™ ื‘ืžื”ืœืš ื”ื”ืžืจื”. ืžื™ืคื•ื™ ืฉื›ื‘ื•ืช ืืœื• ื”ื•ื ื”ืฆืขื“ ื”ืจืืฉื•ืŸ ืœืงืจืืช ื”ื—ืœืคืช ืฉืจืฉืจืื•ืช ืจื™ืืงื˜ื™ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื‘ื–ืจื™ืžื” ืืกื™ื ื›ืจื•ื ื™ืช ืžื•ื‘ื ื™ืช.

ื ื™ืชื•ื— ื‘ืงืจื” ื•ื–ืจื™ืžืช ื ืชื•ื ื™ื ื‘ืชื•ืš ืœื•ื’ื™ืงื” ืžื‘ื•ืกืกืช callback

ืงืจื™ืื•ืช ื—ื•ื–ืจื•ืช ืžื’ื“ื™ืจื•ืช ื”ืŸ ืืช ื”ืกื“ืจ ื”ืœื•ื’ื™ ืฉืœ ื”ืคืขื•ืœื•ืช ื•ื”ืŸ ืืช ื”ื–ืจื™ืžื” ื”ืกืžื•ื™ื” ืฉืœ ื ืชื•ื ื™ื ื‘ื™ืŸ ืฉืœื‘ื™ื ืืกื™ื ื›ืจื•ื ื™ื™ื. ื‘ืžื”ืœืš ืฉื ื™ื ืฉืœ ืขื“ื›ื•ื ื™ื ืžืฆื˜ื‘ืจื™ื, ื–ืจื™ืžื•ืช ืืœื• ื”ื•ืคื›ื•ืช ืœืื˜ื•ืžื•ืช. ื ืชื•ื ื™ื ืขืฉื•ื™ื™ื ืœืขื‘ื•ืจ ื“ืจืš ืžืฉืชื ื™ื ื’ืœื•ื‘ืœื™ื™ื, ืกื’ื™ืจื•ืช ืื• ืื•ื‘ื™ื™ืงื˜ื™ ืชืฆื•ืจื”, ืžื” ืฉืžื•ืชื™ืจ ืืช ื”ืžืคืชื—ื™ื ืœื ื‘ื˜ื•ื—ื™ื ืื™ืœื• ืขืจื›ื™ื ื ืฉืžืจื™ื ื‘ื”ืงืฉืจื™ื ืฉื•ื ื™ื. ื—ื•ืกืจ ืฉืงื™ืคื•ืช ื–ื” ืžืกื‘ืš ืืช ื ื™ืคื•ื™ ื”ืฉื’ื™ืื•ืช ื•ืžืงืฉื” ืขืœ ืฉื›ืคื•ืœ ืฉื’ื™ืื•ืช ื‘ืžื”ืœืš ื”ื‘ื“ื™ืงื•ืช.

ื ื™ืชื•ื— ื‘ืงืจื” ื•ื–ืจื™ืžืช ื ืชื•ื ื™ื ืžืกืคืง ืืช ื”ื ืจืื•ืช ื”ื ื“ืจืฉืช ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ื‘ื™ืŸ ื›ื™ืฆื“ ืžืฉื™ืžื•ืช ืืกื™ื ื›ืจื•ื ื™ื•ืช ืชืœื•ื™ื•ืช ื–ื• ื‘ื–ื•. ื”ืชื”ืœื™ืš ืžืชื™ื™ืฉื‘ ืขื ื”ืขืงืจื•ื ื•ืช ื”ืžืชื•ืืจื™ื ื‘ ื›ื™ืฆื“ ื ื™ืชื•ื— ื–ืจื™ืžืช ื ืชื•ื ื™ื ื•ื‘ืงืจื” ืžื ื™ืข ื ื™ืชื•ื— ืงื•ื“ ืกื˜ื˜ื™ ื—ื›ื ื™ื•ืชืจื“ื™ืื’ืจืžื•ืช ื–ืจื™ืžืช ื‘ืงืจื” ื—ื•ืฉืคื•ืช ืืช ืกื“ืจ ื”ื‘ื™ืฆื•ืข, ื‘ืขื•ื“ ืฉืจืฉื™ ื–ืจื™ืžืช ื ืชื•ื ื™ื ืขื•ืงื‘ื™ื ืื—ืจ ืื•ืคืŸ ื”ืชืคืฉื˜ื•ืช ื”ืžื™ื“ืข ื“ืจืš ืงืจื™ืื” ื—ื•ื–ืจืช (callbacks). ืฉื™ืœื•ื‘ ืžื•ื“ืœื™ื ืืœื” ืžื“ื’ื™ืฉ ื™ืชื™ืจื•ืช, ืชื ืื™ ืžืจื•ืฅ ื•ืฆื™ืžื•ื“ ื ืชื•ื ื™ื ืžื™ื•ืชืจ.

ื‘ืขื–ืจืช ืชื•ื‘ื ื” ื–ื•, ืฆื•ื•ืชื™ื ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœื”ืชืžืงื“ ืชื—ื™ืœื” ื‘ื ืชื™ื‘ื™ื ื‘ืขืœื™ ืกื™ื›ื•ืŸ ื’ื‘ื•ื” ื‘ืžื”ืœืš ื”ื”ืขื‘ืจื”. ืขื™ื‘ื•ื“ ืžื—ื“ืฉ ืžืชื—ื™ืœ ืœื ื‘ื›ืชื™ื‘ื” ืžื—ื“ืฉ ืžืœืื” ืืœื ื‘ื™ื™ืฆื•ื‘ ืฉืœ ื–ืจื™ืžื•ืช ืงืจื™ื˜ื™ื•ืช. ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ืชื™ืขื•ื“ ื”ื™ื›ืŸ ื•ื›ื™ืฆื“ ื”ื ืชื•ื ื™ื ื ืขื™ื ื“ืจืš ืงืจื™ืื” ื—ื•ื–ืจืช, ืžืคืชื—ื™ื ืžื‘ื˜ื™ื—ื™ื ื›ื™ ื˜ืจื ืกืคื•ืจืžืฆื™ื•ืช Promise ืื• async/await ืขื•ืงื‘ื•ืช ื™ืฉืžืจื• ืขืœ ืฉืœืžื•ืช ืคื•ื ืงืฆื™ื•ื ืœื™ืช ืชื•ืš ืฉื™ืคื•ืจ ื”ื‘ื”ื™ืจื•ืช.

ื’ื™ืœื•ื™ ืชื‘ื ื™ื•ืช ืื ื˜ื™-ืกื™ื ื›ืจื•ื ื™ื•ืช ื”ื—ื•ืกืžื•ืช ืžื•ื“ืจื ื™ื–ืฆื™ื”

ืงื•ื“ ืืกื™ื ื›ืจื•ื ื™ ืžื“ื•ืจ ืงื•ื“ื ื›ื•ืœืœ ืœืขืชื™ื ืงืจื•ื‘ื•ืช ืชื‘ื ื™ื•ืช ืื ื˜ื™-ืžื‘ื ื™ื•ืช ืฉืžืื˜ื•ืช ืืช ื”ื‘ื™ืฆื•ืขื™ื ื•ืžื›ื ื™ืกื•ืช ืกื™ื›ื•ืŸ ืชื—ื–ื•ืงื”. ื“ื•ื’ืžืื•ืช ื ืคื•ืฆื•ืช ื›ื•ืœืœื•ืช ืฉืจืฉื•ืจ ืงืจื™ืื•ืช ื—ื•ื–ืจื•ืช ืœืœื ื”ืชืคืฉื˜ื•ืช ืฉื’ื™ืื•ืช, ืžืฆื‘ ืžืฉืชื ื” ืžืฉื•ืชืฃ ื‘ื™ืŸ ืงืจื™ืื•ืช ื—ื•ื–ืจื•ืช ื‘ื•-ื–ืžื ื™ื•ืช, ื•ืœื•ื’ื™ืงืช ืงืœื˜/ืคืœื˜ ืžืฆื•ืžื“ืช ื”ื™ื˜ื‘. ื›ืœ ืื—ื“ ืžืืœื” ื™ื•ืฆืจ ืชื ืื™ื ืฉื‘ื”ื ืžื•ื“ืจื ื™ื–ืฆื™ื” ืขืœื•ืœื” ืœื”ื›ื ื™ืก ืจื’ืจืกื™ื•ืช ืื ืœื ืชื˜ื•ืคืœ ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืฉื™ื˜ืชื™.

ื”ื–ื™ื”ื•ื™ ืžืชื—ื™ืœ ื‘ืกืจื™ืงื” ืื—ืจ ื—ืชื™ืžื•ืช ืงืจื™ืื” ื—ื•ื–ืจื•ืช ืื• ืคื•ื ืงืฆื™ื•ืช ื”ืžืงื‘ืœื•ืช ืกื’ื™ืจื•ืช ืžืงื•ื ื ื•ืช ืžืจื•ื‘ื•ืช. ื›ืœื™ื ืฉื ื‘ื ื• ืขื‘ื•ืจ ื”ื“ืžื™ื™ืช ืงื•ื“ ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื—ืฉื•ืฃ ืืช ื”ืžื‘ื ื™ื ื”ืœืœื• ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ื—ื–ื•ืชื™, ื•ืœืขื–ื•ืจ ืœืฆื•ื•ืชื™ื ืœื–ื”ื•ืช ื”ื™ื›ืŸ ืงืจื™ืื” ื—ื•ื–ืจืช ื™ื•ืฆืจืช ืœื•ืœืื•ืช ืชืœื•ืช ืœื ืจืฆื•ื™ื•ืช. ื‘ืขื™ื” ื ืคื•ืฆื” ื ื•ืกืคืช ื”ื™ื ื”ืกืชืžื›ื•ืช ืžื•ื’ื–ืžืช ืขืœ ืคื•ื ืงืฆื™ื•ืช ืื ื•ื ื™ืžื™ื•ืช, ืžื” ืฉืžืกื‘ืš ืืช ื”ืžืขืงื‘ ื‘ืžื”ืœืš ืจื™ืฉื•ื ืฉื’ื™ืื•ืช ื•ืฉื—ื–ื•ืจ ืžื—ืกื ื™ืช. ื”ื—ืœืคืชืŸ ื‘ืคื•ื ืงืฆื™ื•ืช ื‘ืขืœื•ืช ืฉื ืื• ืžื•ื“ื•ืœืจื™ื•ืช ืžืคืฉื˜ืช ืืช ื”ื˜ืจื ืกืคื•ืจืžืฆื™ื” ื”ืžืื•ื—ืจืช ื™ื•ืชืจ ืœ-async/wait.

ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ืœ ืชื‘ื ื™ื•ืช ืื ื˜ื™-ื“ืคื•ืก ืœืคื ื™ ื”ื”ื’ื™ืจื” ืžื‘ื˜ื™ื— ืื™ืžื•ืฅ ื—ืœืง ื™ื•ืชืจ ืฉืœ ืคืจื“ื™ื’ืžื•ืช ืืกื™ื ื›ืจื•ื ื™ื•ืช ืžื•ื“ืจื ื™ื•ืช. ื–ื” ื’ื ืžืคื—ื™ืช ืืช ืขืœื•ื™ื•ืช ื”ืชื—ื–ื•ืงื” ื”ืขืชื™ื“ื™ื•ืช, ืžื›ื™ื•ื•ืŸ ืฉื”ืžืขืจื›ืช ื›ื‘ืจ ืœื ืžืกืชืžื›ืช ืขืœ ื”ืชื ื”ื’ื•ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืœืชื™ ืฆืคื•ื™ื•ืช. ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ื‘ื‘ืขื™ื•ืช ืืœื• ืœืคื ื™ ื”ื”ืžืจื” ืžื•ื ืข ื”ื•ืคืขืชื” ื”ืžื—ื•ื“ืฉืช ืฉืœ ืžื•ืจื›ื‘ื•ืช ื“ืžื•ื™ืช ืงืจื™ืื” ื—ื•ื–ืจืช ื‘ืชื•ืš ืžื‘ื ื™ื ื—ื“ืฉื™ื ื™ื•ืชืจ.

ืงื‘ื™ืขืช ืงื•ื•ื™ ื‘ืกื™ืก ืœืžื•ื“ืจื ื™ื–ืฆื™ื” ืขื‘ื•ืจ ื‘ื™ืฆื•ืขื™ื ืืกื™ื ื›ืจื•ื ื™ื™ื

ืœืคื ื™ ืชื—ื™ืœืช ื”ืขื™ื‘ื•ื“ ืžื—ื“ืฉ, ื—ื™ื•ื ื™ ืœืงื‘ื•ืข ืงื• ื‘ืกื™ืก ืžื“ื™ื“ ืœื‘ื™ืฆื•ืขื™ื ื”ืืกื™ื ื›ืจื•ื ื™ื™ื ื”ื ื•ื›ื—ื™ื™ื. ืงื•ื™ ื”ื‘ืกื™ืก ื›ื•ืœืœื™ื ืžื“ื“ื™ื ื›ื’ื•ืŸ ื”ืฉื”ื™ื™ืช ื‘ืงืฉื”, ืชืคื•ืงื” ืชื—ืช ืขื•ืžืก ื•ื–ืžืŸ ื”ืฉืœืžืช ืขืกืงื”. ืžื“ื™ื“ื•ืช ืืœื• ืžืกืคืงื•ืช ื ืงื•ื“ืช ื™ื™ื—ื•ืก ืœื”ืขืจื›ืช ืฉื™ืคื•ืจื™ื ืฉื”ื•ืฆื’ื• ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ Promise ืื• ื”ืžืจื” ืžืกื•ื’ async/await.

ืžื“ื™ื“ืช ื‘ื™ืฆื•ืขื™ื ืฆืจื™ื›ื” ืœื”ืชื—ืฉื‘ ื’ื ื‘ื”ืชื ื”ื’ื•ืช ืฉื—ื–ื•ืจ ื›ืืฉืจ ืงืจื™ืื•ืช ื—ื•ื–ืจื•ืช ื ื›ืฉืœื•ืช. ื™ื™ืฉื•ืžื™ื ืžื“ื•ืจ ืงื•ื“ื ืจื‘ื™ื ืžื™ื™ืฉืžื™ื ืžื ื’ื ื•ื ื™ ื ื™ืกื™ื•ืŸ ื—ื•ื–ืจ ืื• ืคืกืง ื–ืžืŸ ืื“-ื”ื•ืง ื”ืžื•ื˜ืžืขื™ื ื‘ืชื•ืš ืคื•ื ืงืฆื™ื•ืช ืžืงื•ื ื ื•ืช. ืืœื” ืžื’ื“ื™ืœื™ื ืืช ื–ืžืŸ ื”ืฉื—ื–ื•ืจ ื”ืžืžื•ืฆืข ื›ืืฉืจ ืžืชืจื—ืฉื™ื ืื™ืจื•ืขื™ื. ื ื™ื˜ื•ืจ ืžื ื’ื ื•ื ื™ื ืืœื”, ื›ืคื™ ืฉื ื“ื•ืŸ ื‘... ืžื“ื“ื™ ื‘ื™ืฆื•ืขื™ ืชื•ื›ื ื” ืฉืขืœื™ื›ื ืœืขืงื•ื‘ ืื—ืจื™ื”ื, ืžืืคืฉืจ ืœืฆื•ื•ืชื™ื ืœื”ืฉื•ื•ืช ื”ืŸ ืœืžื”ื™ืจื•ืช ื•ื”ืŸ ืœื—ื•ืกืŸ.

ื›ืืฉืจ ืงื•ื•ื™ ื‘ืกื™ืก ืžืชื•ืขื“ื™ื, ื”ืžื•ื“ืจื ื™ื–ืฆื™ื” ื™ื›ื•ืœื” ืœื”ืชืงื“ื ื‘ื‘ื™ื˜ื—ื•ืŸ. ืฆื•ื•ืชื™ื ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœืืžืช ืฉื›ืœ ืฉืœื‘ ื‘ืžืขื‘ืจ ืžืฉืžืจ ืื• ืžืฉืคืจ ื‘ื™ืฆื•ืขื™ื. ืœืื•ืจืš ื–ืžืŸ, ื”ืฉื•ื•ืืช ื ืชื•ื ื™ื ืœืคื ื™ ื•ืื—ืจื™ ื”ืžืขื‘ืจ ืžื’ืœื” ืขืจืš ืžื•ื—ืฉื™ ืžืžืืžืฆื™ ืฉื™ืคื•ืฅ, ื•ืžื•ื›ื™ื—ื™ื ืฉืžืืžืฆื™ ื”ืžื•ื“ืจื ื™ื–ืฆื™ื” ืžืฉื™ื’ื™ื ืจื•ื•ื—ื™ื ืชืคืขื•ืœื™ื™ื ืžื“ื™ื“ื™ื ื•ืœื ืฉื™ืคื•ืจื™ื ืงื•ืกืžื˜ื™ื™ื ื‘ืงื•ื“.

ืื‘ื—ื•ืŸ ืžื‘ื ื™ ืงืจื™ืื” ื—ื•ื–ืจืช ืžืงื•ื ื ื™ื ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ื ื™ืชื•ื— ืกื˜ื˜ื™ ื•ื ื™ืชื•ื— ื‘ื–ืžืŸ ืจื™ืฆื”

ืขื™ื‘ื•ื“ ืžื—ื“ืฉ ืฉืœ ืžืขืจื›ื•ืช ืืกื™ื ื›ืจื•ื ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืฆื•ืจื” ื‘ื˜ื•ื—ื” ื“ื•ืจืฉ ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžื‘ื“ื™ืงืช ืงื•ื“. ืœื ืชืžื™ื“ ื ื™ืชืŸ ืœื”ืกื™ืง ืืช ื”ืงืฉืจื™ื ื‘ื™ืŸ ืงืจื™ืื” ื—ื•ื–ืจืช (callbacks), ืชืœื•ื™ื•ืช ื ืชื•ื ื™ื ื•ืชื–ืžื•ืŸ ืื™ืจื•ืขื™ื ืžืชื—ื‘ื™ืจ ืกื˜ื˜ื™ ื‘ืœื‘ื“. ืžืขืจื›ื•ืช ืžื“ื•ืจ ืงื•ื“ื ืžื‘ืฆืขื•ืช ืœืขืชื™ื ืงืจื•ื‘ื•ืช ืคื•ื ืงืฆื™ื•ืช ืฉื ื•ืฆืจื• ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ื“ื™ื ืžื™ ืื• ืžืขื‘ื™ืจื•ืช ื”ืคื ื™ื•ืช ื‘ื™ืŸ ืžื•ื“ื•ืœื™ื, ืชื•ืš ื”ืกืชืจืช ื”ื”ื™ืงืฃ ื”ืืžื™ืชื™ ืฉืœ ืงื™ื ื•ืŸ ืงืจื™ืื” ื—ื•ื–ืจืช. ืœื›ืŸ, ืื‘ื—ื•ืŸ ืžื“ื•ื™ืง ืฉืœ ืžื‘ื ื™ื ืืœื” ื”ื•ื ืงืจื™ื˜ื™ ืœืคื ื™ ืชื—ื™ืœืช ื›ืœ ื”ืžืจื” ืœ-Promises ืื• async/await. ืœืœื ืื‘ื—ื•ืŸ ื‘ืจื•ืจ, ืฆื•ื•ืชื™ ืžื•ื“ืจื ื™ื–ืฆื™ื” ืžืกืชื›ื ื™ื ื‘ืฉื‘ื™ืจืช ืฉืจืฉืจืื•ืช ืื™ืจื•ืขื™ื ื”ืชื•ืžื›ื•ืช ื‘ืชื”ืœื™ื›ื™ื ืขืกืงื™ื™ื ื—ื™ื•ื ื™ื™ื.

ื ื™ืชื•ื— ืกื˜ื˜ื™ ื•ื ื™ืชื•ื— ื–ืžืŸ ืจื™ืฆื” ืžืฉืœื™ืžื™ื ื–ื” ืืช ื–ื” ื‘ืฉืœื‘ ื–ื”. ื ื™ืชื•ื— ืกื˜ื˜ื™ ืžืกืคืง ืชืžื•ื ื” ืžืงื™ืคื” ืฉืœ ืชืœื•ื™ื•ืช ืžื‘ื ื™ื•ืช, ื‘ืขื•ื“ ืฉืžืขืงื‘ ื‘ื–ืžืŸ ืจื™ืฆื” ื—ื•ืฉืฃ ื”ืชื ื”ื’ื•ื™ื•ืช ื ืกืชืจื•ืช ื”ืžื•ืคื™ืขื•ืช ืจืง ื‘ืชื ืื™ ื™ื™ืฆื•ืจ. ื™ื—ื“, ื”ื ื™ื•ืฆืจื™ื ืืช ื”ื‘ืกื™ืก ืœื‘ื™ื ืช ืชืœื•ื™ื•ืช ืœืžื•ื“ืจื ื™ื–ืฆื™ื” ืืกื™ื ื›ืจื•ื ื™ืช. ื›ืืฉืจ ื”ื ืžืฉื•ืœื‘ื™ื ื‘ืฆื™ื ื•ืจื•ืช ืžื•ื“ืจื ื™ื–ืฆื™ื”, ื ื™ืชื•ื—ื™ื ืืœื” ืžืคื—ื™ืชื™ื ืกื™ื›ื•ื ื™ื, ืžื•ื ืขื™ื ืจื’ืจืกื™ื” ื•ืžื‘ื˜ื™ื—ื™ื ืฉื”ืฉื™ื ื•ื™ื™ื ืžืฉืงืคื™ื ืืช ื ื•ืฃ ื”ื‘ื™ืฆื•ืข ื‘ืคื•ืขืœ ื•ืœื ืงื˜ืขื™ ืงื•ื“ ืžื‘ื•ื“ื“ื™ื.

ื™ื™ืฉื•ื ื ื™ืชื•ื— ืงื•ื“ ืกื˜ื˜ื™ ืขืœ ืฉืจืฉืจืื•ืช ืฉื™ื—ื•ืช ืืกื™ื ื›ืจื•ื ื™ื•ืช

ื ื™ืชื•ื— ืกื˜ื˜ื™ ืกื•ืจืง ืืช ืงื•ื“ ื”ืžืงื•ืจ ื›ื“ื™ ืœื–ื”ื•ืช ื›ื™ืฆื“ ืคื•ื ืงืฆื™ื•ืช ืžืชื™ื™ื—ืกื•ืช ื•ืงื•ืจืื•ืช ื–ื• ืœื–ื•. ื‘ื™ื™ืฉื•ืžื™ื ืขืชื™ืจื™ ืงืจื™ืื•ืช ื—ื•ื–ืจื•ืช, ื”ื•ื ื—ื•ืฉืฃ ื“ืคื•ืกื™ื ืฉืื™ื ื ื ืจืื™ื ื‘ืžื”ืœืš ืกืงื™ืจื” ื™ื“ื ื™ืช, ื›ื’ื•ืŸ ืกื’ื™ืจื•ืช ืžืงื•ื ื ื•ืช, ืงืจื™ืื•ืช ืขืงื™ืคื•ืช ืœืงืจื™ืื” ื—ื•ื–ืจืช ื•ืžืฉืชื ื™ื ื”ืžืชืคืฉื˜ื™ื ื“ืจืš ืฉื›ื‘ื•ืช ืืกื™ื ื›ืจื•ื ื™ื•ืช ืžืจื•ื‘ื•ืช. ืฉื™ืžื•ืฉ ื‘ื›ืœื™ื ื‘ื”ืฉืจืืช ื ื™ืชื•ื— ืงื•ื“ ืกื˜ื˜ื™ ื‘ืžืขืจื›ื•ืช ืžื‘ื•ื–ืจื•ืช, ืžืคืชื—ื™ื ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœื“ืžื™ื™ืŸ ืืช ื”ืฉืจืฉืจืื•ืช ื”ืœืœื• ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืขืจื™ืš ืืช ืžื•ืจื›ื‘ื•ืชืŸ.

ื ื™ืชื•ื— ืงื•ื“ ืกื˜ื˜ื™ ืžื™ื™ืฆืจ ื’ืจืคื™ ืชืœื•ืช ื”ืžืฆื™ื’ื™ื ืื™ืœื• ืžื•ื“ื•ืœื™ื ื™ื•ื–ืžื™ื ื•ืžืงื‘ืœื™ื ืงืจื™ืื•ืช ืืกื™ื ื›ืจื•ื ื™ื•ืช. ื”ื•ื ื—ื•ืฉืฃ ื”ืื ืžืกืคืจ ืงืจื™ืื•ืช ื—ื•ื–ืจื•ืช ืชืœื•ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืื•ืชื• ืžืฆื‘ ืžืฉื•ืชืฃ ืื• ื‘-API ื—ื™ืฆื•ื ื™. ืกืงื™ืจื” ืžื‘ื ื™ืช ื–ื• ืžืืคืฉืจืช ืœืฆื•ื•ืชื™ ืžื•ื“ืจื ื™ื–ืฆื™ื” ืœืชื›ื ืŸ ืฉืœื‘ื™ ื”ืžืจื” ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืœื•ื’ื™, ื•ืœืงื‘ืฅ ืงืจื™ืื•ืช ื—ื•ื–ืจื•ืช ืงืฉื•ืจื•ืช ืœื™ื—ื™ื“ื•ืช ื”ื’ื™ืจื”. ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ืคืชืจื•ืŸ ืงืฉืจื™ื ืืœื” ืœืคื ื™ ื‘ื“ื™ืงื•ืช ื‘ื–ืžืŸ ืจื™ืฆื”, ืืจื’ื•ื ื™ื ื ืžื ืขื™ื ืžืื™ืชื•ืจ ื ื™ืคื•ื™ ืฉื’ื™ืื•ืช ื™ืงืจ ืฉืœ ื ื™ืกื•ื™ ื•ื˜ืขื™ื™ื” ื‘ื”ืžืฉืš ื”ืชื”ืœื™ืš.

ืฉื™ืžื•ืฉ ื‘ืžืขืงื‘ ื‘ื–ืžืŸ ืจื™ืฆื” ื›ื“ื™ ืœืœื›ื•ื“ ืื™ื ื˜ืจืืงืฆื™ื•ืช ืืกื™ื ื›ืจื•ื ื™ื•ืช ื ืกืชืจื•ืช

ื‘ืขื•ื“ ืฉื ื™ืชื•ื— ืกื˜ื˜ื™ ืžื–ื”ื” ืงืฉืจื™ื ืžื‘ื ื™ื™ื, ืžืขืงื‘ ื‘ื–ืžืŸ ืจื™ืฆื” ืžืกืคืง ื“ื™ื•ืง ื”ืชื ื”ื’ื•ืชื™. ื”ื•ื ืžืชืขื“ ืืช ื”ืกื“ืจ ื•ื”ืชื“ื™ืจื•ืช ืฉืœ ื‘ื™ืฆื•ืข ืงืจื™ืื” ื—ื•ื–ืจืช ืชื—ืช ืขื•ืžืกื™ ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ืžืฆื™ืื•ืชื™ื™ื. ื‘ืžืขืจื›ื•ืช JavaScript ื™ืฉื ื•ืช ื™ื•ืชืจ, ื—ืœืง ืžื”ืงืจื™ืื” ื”ื—ื•ื–ืจืช ื ืจืฉืžืช ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ื“ื™ื ืžื™ ืื• ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ืžื•ื“ื•ืœื™ื ืฉืœ ืฆื“ ืฉืœื™ืฉื™ ืฉื›ืœื™ื ืกื˜ื˜ื™ื™ื ืื™ื ื ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœื–ื”ื•ืช. ืžืขืงื‘ ื‘ื–ืžืŸ ืจื™ืฆื” ืœื•ื›ื“ ืืช ื”ืื™ื ื˜ืจืืงืฆื™ื•ืช ื”ื—ื™ื•ืช ื”ืœืœื• ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ืจื™ืฉื•ื ืื™ืจื•ืขื™ ื›ื ื™ืกื” ื•ื™ืฆื™ืื” ืฉืœ ืคื•ื ืงืฆื™ื•ืช, ื•ื—ื•ืฉืฃ ื ืชื™ื‘ื™ื ืืกื™ื ื›ืจื•ื ื™ื™ื ืฉื‘ื“ืจืš ื›ืœืœ ืื™ื ื ื ืจืื™ื.

ื”ืชื•ื‘ื ื•ืช ื”ื ื’ื–ืจื•ืช ืžื ืชื•ื ื™ ื–ืžืŸ ืจื™ืฆื” ืชื•ืืžื•ืช ืืช ื”ื˜ื›ื ื™ืงื•ืช ื”ืžื•ืฆื’ื•ืช ื‘ ื•ื™ื–ื•ืืœื™ื–ืฆื™ื” ืฉืœ ื ื™ืชื•ื— ื–ืžืŸ ืจื™ืฆื”ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ื”ืชื‘ื•ื ื ื•ืช ื‘ื–ืจื™ืžืช ื”ื‘ื™ืฆื•ืข, ืžื”ื ื“ืกื™ื ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœื–ื”ื•ืช ืฆื•ื•ืืจื™ ื‘ืงื‘ื•ืง ื‘ื‘ื™ืฆื•ืขื™ื, ืชื ืื™ ืžืจื•ืฅ ืื• ืงืจื™ืื•ืช ืžื™ื•ืชืจื•ืช ื”ื ื’ืจืžื•ืช ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ื—ืคื™ืคืช ืงืจื™ืื•ืช ื—ื•ื–ืจื•ืช. ืจืื™ื•ืช ืืœื• ืžืกืคืงื•ืช ื›ื™ื•ื•ืŸ ืžื“ื•ื™ืง ืœืขื™ื‘ื•ื“ ืžื—ื“ืฉ: ืื™ืœื• ืงืจื™ืื•ืช ื—ื•ื–ืจื•ืช ื ื™ืชืŸ ืœืžื–ื’, ืื™ืœื• ื“ื•ืจืฉื•ืช ื‘ื™ื“ื•ื“, ื•ืื™ืœื• ืฆืจื™ื›ื•ืช ืœื”ืคื•ืš ืœื ืงื•ื“ื•ืช ื›ื ื™ืกื” ืืกื™ื ื›ืจื•ื ื™ื•ืช/ื”ืžืชื ื”. ื”ืชื•ืฆืื” ื”ื™ื ืžื•ื“ืœ ืžืื•ืžืช ืืžืคื™ืจื™ืช ืฉืœ ื”ืžืขืจื›ืช ื”ืืงื•ืœื•ื’ื™ืช ื”ืืกื™ื ื›ืจื•ื ื™ืช ืฉืœ ื”ื™ื™ืฉื•ื.

ืฉื™ืœื•ื‘ ื’ืจืคื™ ืชืœื•ืช ื•ื™ื•ืžื ื™ ืžืขืงื‘ ืœืžื™ืคื•ื™ ืžื“ื•ื™ืง

ืœื ื ืชื•ื ื™ื ืกื˜ื˜ื™ื™ื ื•ืœื ื ืชื•ื ื™ื ื‘ื–ืžืŸ ืจื™ืฆื” ืœื‘ื“ื ืžืกืคืงื™ื ืชืžื•ื ื” ืžืœืื”. ืฉื™ืœื•ื‘ ื”ืฉื ื™ื™ื ืžืืคืฉืจ ืœืฆื•ื•ืชื™ื ืœืงืฉืจ ื‘ื™ืŸ ืžื‘ื ื” ืœื”ืชื ื”ื’ื•ืช. ื’ืจืคื™ ืชืœื•ืช ืžืžื—ื™ืฉื™ื ื ืชื™ื‘ื™ ืงืจื™ืื” ืคื•ื˜ื ืฆื™ืืœื™ื™ื, ื‘ืขื•ื“ ืฉื™ื•ืžื™ ืžืขืงื‘ ืžืืฉืจื™ื ืื™ืœื• ื ืชื™ื‘ื™ื ืžืชืจื—ืฉื™ื ื‘ืคื•ืขืœ. ืžื™ื–ื•ื’ ื ืงื•ื“ื•ืช ืžื‘ื˜ ืืœื• ื—ื•ืฉืฃ ืคืขืจื™ื, ื›ื’ื•ืŸ ืงืจื™ืื” ื—ื•ื–ืจืช ืฉื”ื•ื’ื“ืจื” ืืš ืžืขื•ืœื ืœื ืžื•ืคืขืœืช ืื• ืงื™ืฉื•ืจื™ ื–ืžืŸ ืจื™ืฆื” ื”ื™ืขื“ืจ ืžื‘ืกื™ืก ื”ืงื•ื“ ืขืงื‘ ื”ืชื ื”ื’ื•ืช ื™ื™ื‘ื•ื โ€‹โ€‹ื“ื™ื ืžื™ืช.

ืื™ื ื˜ื’ืจืฆื™ื” ื–ื• ืชื•ืžื›ืช ื‘ืชื›ื ื•ืŸ ืžื•ื“ืจื ื™ื–ืฆื™ื” ืžื“ื•ื™ืง. ืฆื•ื•ืชื™ื ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœืชืขื“ืฃ ืžืืžืฆื™ ืฉื™ืคื•ืฅ ืžื—ื“ืฉ ื›ืœืคื™ ืื–ื•ืจื™ื ืขื ื”ืคืขื™ืœื•ืช ื”ืชืคืขื•ืœื™ืช ื”ื’ื‘ื•ื”ื” ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ืื• ื”ืชืœื•ืช ื”ืฉื‘ืจื™ืจื™ืช ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ. ื”ื˜ื›ื ื™ืงื” ื‘ื•ื ื” ืขืœ ืขืงืจื•ืŸ ื”... ื“ื•ื—ื•ืช xref ืขื‘ื•ืจ ืžืขืจื›ื•ืช ืžื•ื“ืจื ื™ื•ืช, ืฉื‘ื• ื”ืคื ื™ื•ืช ืฆื•ืœื‘ื•ืช ื—ื–ื•ืชื™ื•ืช ืžืงืฉืจื•ืช ืืช ืชื•ืฆืื•ืช ื”ื ื™ืชื•ื— ืœื“ืคื•ืกื™ ื‘ื™ืฆื•ืข ืืžื™ืชื™ื™ื. ืžืคืช ืชืœื•ืช ืžืœืื” ืœื ืจืง ืžืฉืคืจืช ืืช ื“ื™ื•ืง ื”ืจื™ืคืงื˜ื•ืจื™ื ื’ ืืœื ื’ื ืžืฉืคืจืช ืืช ื™ื›ื•ืœืช ื”ืชืฆืคื™ืช ื•ื”ืžืžืฉืœ ืœื˜ื•ื•ื— ืืจื•ืš.

ื‘ื™ืกื•ืก ื ื™ืชื•ื— ืืกื™ื ื›ืจื•ื ื™ ืจืฆื™ืฃ ื‘ืžื”ืœืš ื”ืžื•ื“ืจื ื™ื–ืฆื™ื”

ืืกื•ืจ ืฉื”ืื‘ื—ื•ืŸ ื™ืกืชื™ื™ื ืœืื—ืจ ื”ืขืจื›ื” ืจืืฉื•ื ื™ืช. ื›ื›ืœ ืฉื”ืขื™ื‘ื•ื“ ืžื—ื“ืฉ ืžืชืงื“ื, ืชืœื•ื™ื•ืช ื—ื“ืฉื•ืช ื ื•ืฆืจื•ืช ื‘ืขื•ื“ ืฉื™ื•ืฉื ื•ืช ืžื•ืกืจื•ืช. ื ื™ืชื•ื— ืžืชืžืฉืš ืžื‘ื˜ื™ื— ืฉื”ืฉื™ื ื•ื™ื™ื ื”ืœืœื• ื™ื™ืฉืืจื• ืชื—ืช ืฉืœื™ื˜ื”. ืกืจื™ืงื•ืช ืกื˜ื˜ื™ื•ืช ืื•ื˜ื•ืžื˜ื™ื•ืช ื•ื ื™ื˜ื•ืจื™ ื–ืžืŸ ืจื™ืฆื” ืฆืจื™ื›ื™ื ืœื”ืชื‘ืฆืข ืœืื—ืจ ื›ืœ ืฉื™ืœื•ื‘ ืงื•ื“ ืžืฉืžืขื•ืชื™, ื•ืœื”ืชืจื™ืข ื‘ืคื ื™ ื”ืฆื•ื•ืชื™ื ืื ืžืคืช ื”ืชืœื•ืช ืกื•ื˜ื” ืžื”ืฆื™ืคื™ื•ืช.

ื’ื™ืฉื” ืื™ื˜ืจื˜ื™ื‘ื™ืช ื–ื• ืžืงื‘ื™ืœื” ืœืžืกื’ืจื•ืช ืื™ื ื˜ื’ืจืฆื™ื” ืจืฆื™ืคื” ื”ืžืชื•ืืจื•ืช ื‘ ืืกื˜ืจื˜ื’ื™ื•ืช ืื™ื ื˜ื’ืจืฆื™ื” ืจืฆื™ืคื” ืœืฉื™ืคื•ืฅ ืžื™ื™ื ืคืจื™ื™ื ื•ืžื•ื“ืจื ื™ื–ืฆื™ื” ืฉืœ ืžืขืจื›ื•ืชื”ื˜ืžืขืช ื ื™ืชื•ื— ื‘ืฆื ืจืช ื”ืชื”ืœื™ื›ื™ื ื”ื•ืคื›ืช ืืช ื”ืื‘ื—ื•ืŸ ืžื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช ื—ื“ ืคืขืžื™ืช ืœืืžืฆืขื™ ื”ื’ื ื” ืžืชืžืฉืš. ื–ื” ืžืืคืฉืจ ืœืžื•ื“ืจื ื™ื–ืฆื™ื” ืืกื™ื ื›ืจื•ื ื™ืช ืœื”ืชืงื“ื ื‘ื”ื“ืจื’ื” ืžื‘ืœื™ ืœื”ืกืชื›ืŸ ื‘ืกื—ื™ืคื” ืืจื›ื™ื˜ืงื˜ื•ื ื™ืช. ื ืจืื•ืช ืจืฆื™ืคื” ืžื‘ื˜ื™ื—ื” ืฉืฆื•ื•ืชื™ ื”ืžื•ื“ืจื ื™ื–ืฆื™ื” ื™ืฉืžืจื• ืขืœ ืกื ื›ืจื•ืŸ ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืชื›ื ื•ืŸ ื”ืžืชื•ื›ื ืŸ ืœื”ืชื ื”ื’ื•ืช ื”ืชืคืขื•ืœื™ืช, ืžื” ืฉืžื•ื‘ื™ืœ ืœืžืขื‘ืจ ืฆืคื•ื™ ื•ื‘ื˜ื•ื— ืœื›ื™ื•ื•ืŸ ืืกื™ื ื›ืจื•ื ื™/ื”ืžืชื ื”.

ื”ืขืจื›ืช ืžื•ื›ื ื•ืช ืœืื™ืžื•ืฅ ื”ื‘ื˜ื—ื•ืช ื‘ื‘ืกื™ืกื™ ืงื•ื“ ืžื“ื•ืจ ืงื•ื“ื

ืœืคื ื™ ืชื—ื™ืœืช ืชื”ืœื™ืš ื”ืขื™ื‘ื•ื“ ืžื—ื“ืฉ, ื—ื™ื•ื ื™ ืœืงื‘ื•ืข ื”ืื ืžืขืจื›ืช ืžื“ื•ืจ ืงื•ื“ื ืžื•ื›ื ื” ืžื‘ื—ื™ื ื” ื˜ื›ื ื™ืช ื•ืžื‘ื ื™ืช ืœืืžืฅ ืืช Promises. ื‘ื‘ืกื™ืกื™ ืงื•ื“ ืืกื™ื ื›ืจื•ื ื™ื™ื ื’ื“ื•ืœื™ื, ืชืœื•ื™ื•ืช, ืžืฆื‘ ืžืฉื•ืชืฃ ื•ืงืจื™ืื•ืช ืคื•ื ืงืฆื™ื” ื“ื™ื ืžื™ื•ืช ืขืœื•ืœื•ืช ืœื”ืคื•ืš ืžืขื‘ืจ ื™ืฉื™ืจ ืœืžืกื•ื›ืŸ. ื”ืขืจื›ืช ื”ืžื•ื›ื ื•ืช ืžื‘ื˜ื™ื—ื” ืฉื”ืžื•ื“ืจื ื™ื–ืฆื™ื” ืชืชืงื“ื ื‘ื™ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืช, ื™ื›ื•ืœืช ื—ื™ื–ื•ื™ ื•ืฉื™ืคื•ืจ ืžื“ื™ื“ ื•ืœื ื‘ืฉื™ื‘ื•ืฉ. ืฉืœื‘ ื”ืขืจื›ื” ื–ื” ืžื–ื”ื” ื”ื™ื›ืŸ ืื™ืžื•ืฅ Promise ื™ื‘ื™ื ืืช ื”ืชื•ืขืœืช ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœื” ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ื•ื”ื™ื›ืŸ ื ื“ืจืฉื•ืช ื”ืชืืžื•ืช ืžืขื‘ืจ ื›ื“ื™ ืœืฉืžื•ืจ ืขืœ ื”ืžืฉื›ื™ื•ืช ืชืคืขื•ืœื™ืช.

ืžื•ื›ื ื•ืช ืœื”ื‘ื˜ื—ื” ืื™ื ื” ืจืง ืฉืืœื” ืฉืœ ืชื—ื‘ื™ืจ ืืœื ื”ืขืจื›ื” ืืจื›ื™ื˜ืงื˜ื•ื ื™ืช. ืžืกื’ืจื•ืช ืืกื™ื ื›ืจื•ื ื™ื•ืช ื™ืฉื ื•ืช ื™ื•ืชืจ ืขืฉื•ื™ื•ืช ืœื”ื›ื™ืœ ืคื•ืœื˜ื™ ืื™ืจื•ืขื™ื, ืจื™ืฉื•ืžื™ ืงืจื™ืื” ื—ื•ื–ืจืช ื•ืœื•ื’ื™ืงืช ืชื•ืจ ืžื•ืชืืžืช ืื™ืฉื™ืช ื”ืžืชื ื’ืฉืช ืขื ื”ืชื ื”ื’ื•ืช ื”ื”ื‘ื˜ื—ื”. ื”ืขื‘ืจืช ืžืขืจื›ื•ืช ื›ืืœื” ืœืœื ื”ื›ื ื” ืขืœื•ืœื” ืœื”ื›ื ื™ืก ื”ืชื ื’ืฉื•ื™ื•ืช ืชื–ืžื•ืŸ, ื“ื—ื™ื•ืช ืฉืœื ื˜ื•ืคืœื• ืื• ืคืชืจื•ื ื•ืช ื›ืคื•ืœื™ื. ื ื™ืชื•ื— ืžื•ื›ื ื•ืช ืžื•ื‘ื ื” ื‘ื•ื—ืŸ ืืช ื’ืจืกืช ื”ืฉืคื”, ื”ืงืฉืจ ื”ื‘ื™ืฆื•ืข ื•ืฆื™ืžื•ื“ ื”ืชืœื•ืช ื›ื“ื™ ืœืืฉืจ ืชืื™ืžื•ืช. ืฉืœื‘ื™ื ืืœื” ืžืฉืงืคื™ื ืืช ื”ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจื•ืช ื”ืžื›ื™ื ื•ืช ื”ืžืชื•ืืจื•ืช ื‘... ืžื•ื“ืจื ื™ื–ืฆื™ื” ืฉืœ ืืคืœื™ืงืฆื™ื•ืช, ื›ืืฉืจ ื”ืขืจื›ืช ืกื™ื›ื•ื ื™ื ืงื•ื“ืžืช ืœื›ืœ ืžืืžืฅ ืœืฉื™ื ื•ื™ ืžืฉืžืขื•ืชื™.

ื–ื™ื”ื•ื™ ืžื‘ื ื™ื ืืกื™ื ื›ืจื•ื ื™ื™ื ืœื ืชื•ืืžื™ื

ืžืขืจื›ื•ืช ืžื“ื•ืจ ืงื•ื“ื ืžืฉืชืžืฉื•ืช ืœืขืชื™ื ืงืจื•ื‘ื•ืช ื‘ืžื ื’ื ื•ื ื™ื ืืกื™ื ื›ืจื•ื ื™ื™ื ืœื ืกื˜ื ื“ืจื˜ื™ื™ื ืื• ืกืคืฆื™ืคื™ื™ื ืœืžืกื’ืจืช, ืฉืื™ื ื ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœืชืจื’ื ื™ืฉื™ืจื•ืช ืœ-Promises. ื“ื•ื’ืžืื•ืช ืœื›ืš ื›ื•ืœืœื•ืช ืชื•ื›ื ื•ืช ื‘ื™ื ื™ื™ื ืžื‘ื•ืกืกื•ืช callback, ืžืชื–ืžื ื™ ืžืฉื™ืžื•ืช ืื• ืžื˜ืคืœื™ื ืžื•ื ื—ื™ ืื™ืจื•ืขื™ื ื”ืžืกืชืžื›ื™ื ืขืœ ืžืื–ื™ื ื™ื ืžืชืžื™ื“ื™ื. ื–ื™ื”ื•ื™ ืžื•ืงื“ื ืฉืœ ืžื‘ื ื™ื ืืœื” ืžื•ื ืข ืจื’ืจืกื™ื” ืžืื•ื—ืจืช ื™ื•ืชืจ ื‘ืžื”ืœืš ืขื™ื‘ื•ื“ ืžื—ื“ืฉ. ืกืจื™ืงื” ืกื˜ื˜ื™ืช ื™ื›ื•ืœื” ืœื–ื”ื•ืช ื“ืคื•ืกื™ื ื›ื’ื•ืŸ ืคื•ื ืงืฆื™ื•ืช ื”ืžืงื‘ืœื•ืช callbacks ืœื”ืฉืœืžื”, ื‘ืขื•ื“ ืฉืžืขืงื‘ ื“ื™ื ืžื™ ื—ื•ืฉืฃ ืœื•ืœืื•ืช ืื™ืจื•ืขื™ื ื—ื•ื–ืจื•ืช ื•ื˜ืจื™ื’ืจื™ื ื—ื™ืฆื•ื ื™ื™ื.

ืœืื—ืจ ื”ืงื˜ืœื•ื’, ื™ืฉ ืœื”ืขืจื™ืš ืืช ื”ืจื›ื™ื‘ื™ื ื”ืœื ืชื•ืืžื™ื ื”ืœืœื• ืœืฆื•ืจืš ื”ื—ืœืคื” ืื• ื”ืชืืžื”. ื—ืœืงื ื ื™ืชื ื™ื ืœืฉื™ืœื•ื‘ ื‘ืžืžืฉืงื™ Promise, ื‘ืขื•ื“ ืฉืื—ืจื™ื ื“ื•ืจืฉื™ื ืขื™ืฆื•ื‘ ืžื—ื“ืฉ ืžืœื. ื‘ืกื‘ื™ื‘ื•ืช ืืจื’ื•ื ื™ื•ืช, ืžืขืจื›ื•ืช ืฉื ื›ืชื‘ื• ืขื ื‘ืกื™ืกื™ ืงื•ื“ ืžืขื•ืจื‘ื™ื ืฉืœ JavaScript ื•-TypeScript ืžื›ื™ืœื•ืช ืœืขืชื™ื ืงืจื•ื‘ื•ืช ื›ืœื™ ืขื–ืจ ืžื•ืชืืžื™ื ืื™ืฉื™ืช ื”ืžื—ืงื™ื ืืช ื”ืชื ื”ื’ื•ืช Promise ืžื‘ืœื™ ืœื“ื‘ื•ืง ื‘ืกืžื ื˜ื™ืงื” ืฉืœื”. ืกื˜ื ื“ืจื˜ื™ื–ืฆื™ื” ืฉืœ ืชื—ื•ืžื™ื ืืœื” ืชื—ื™ืœื” ืžืคื—ื™ืชื” ื—ื™ื›ื•ืš ื‘ืฉืœื‘ื™ ื”ื’ื™ืจื” ืžืื•ื—ืจื™ื ื™ื•ืชืจ ื•ืžื‘ื˜ื™ื—ื” ื–ืจื™ืžืช ื‘ืงืจื” ืืกื™ื ื›ืจื•ื ื™ืช ืขืงื‘ื™ืช.

ื”ืขืจื›ืช ืชืื™ืžื•ืช ื’ืจืกืื•ืช ื•ื–ืžืŸ ืจื™ืฆื”

ืื™ืžื•ืฅ Promise ืชืœื•ื™ ื”ืŸ ื‘ืชืžื™ื›ื” ื‘ืฉืคื” ื•ื”ืŸ ื‘ื”ืชื ื”ื’ื•ืช ื–ืžืŸ ืจื™ืฆื”. ื’ืจืกืื•ืช ืื• ื“ืคื“ืคื ื™ื ื™ืฉื ื™ื ื™ื•ืชืจ ืฉืœ Node.js ืขืฉื•ื™ื™ื ืœื—ืกืจ ื™ื™ืฉื•ื ืžืœื ืฉืœ ื”-API ืฉืœ Promise ืื• ืชื—ื‘ื™ืจ async/await. ื‘ืžืงืจื™ื ื›ืืœื”, ืฉื“ืจื•ื’ ื–ืžื ื™ ืจื™ืฆื” ืื• ืฉื™ืœื•ื‘ polyfills ื”ื•ื ื”ื›ืจื—ื™. ื”ืขืจื›ืช ื’ืจืกืื•ืช ืžืชื—ืฉื‘ืช ื’ื ื‘ืชืื™ืžื•ืช ืกืคืจื™ื•ืช. ืชืœื•ื™ื•ืช ืžืกื•ื™ืžื•ืช, ื›ื’ื•ืŸ ืžื ื”ืœื™ ื”ืชืงื ื™ื ื™ืฉื ื™ื ื™ื•ืชืจ ืฉืœ ืžืกื“ื™ ื ืชื•ื ื™ื ืื• ืœืงื•ื—ื•ืช ืจืฉืช, ืขืฉื•ื™ื•ืช ืœื—ืฉื•ืฃ ืžืžืฉืงื™ API ืฉืœ callback ื‘ืœื‘ื“. ืฉื™ื ื•ื™ ื”ืฉื™ืžื•ืฉ ื‘ื”ืŸ ื“ื•ืจืฉ ืขื˜ื™ืคื•ืช ื‘ื™ื ื™ื™ื ืื• ื”ื’ื™ืจื” ืœืกืคืจื™ื•ืช ืžื•ื“ืจื ื™ื•ืช.

ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช ืชืื™ืžื•ืช ืฆืจื™ื›ื” ืœื”ืขืจื™ืš ื’ื ื›ืœื™ ื‘ื ื™ื™ื” ื•ืžืกื’ืจื•ืช ื‘ื“ื™ืงื”. ืกื‘ื™ื‘ื•ืช ื‘ื“ื™ืงื” ืจืฆื™ืคื•ืช ื—ื™ื™ื‘ื•ืช ืœืชืžื•ืš ื‘ืคื•ื ืงืฆื™ื•ืช ืืกื™ื ื›ืจื•ื ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ื˜ื‘ืขื™; ืื—ืจืช, ืื™ืžื•ืช ืื•ื˜ื•ืžื˜ื™ ื™ื™ื›ืฉืœ. ืฉื™ืงื•ืœื™ื ืืœื” ืžืงื‘ื™ืœื™ื ืœืžืกื’ืจื•ืช ื ื™ื”ื•ืœ ื”ืชืœื•ืช ืฉื ื“ื•ื ื• ื‘- ืคื™ืงื•ื— ืขืœ ืžืžืฉืœ ื‘ืžื•ืขืฆื•ืช ืžื•ื“ืจื ื™ื–ืฆื™ื” ืžื“ื•ืจ ืงื•ื“ื, ืฉื‘ื” ืขืงื‘ื™ื•ืช ืกื‘ื™ื‘ืชื™ืช ืชื•ืžื›ืช ื‘ืืžื™ื ื•ืช ื”ืžื•ื“ืจื ื™ื–ืฆื™ื”. ื”ื‘ื˜ื—ืช ืชืื™ืžื•ืช ืœืื•ืจืš ื›ืœ ืฉืจืฉืจืช ื”ื›ืœื™ื ืžืืคืฉืจืช ื”ืžืฉืš ื”ื”ืขื‘ืจื” ืžื‘ืœื™ ืœื”ืคืจื™ืข ืœืฆื™ื ื•ืจื•ืช ื”ืคืจื™ืกื” ืื• ืœื™ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืช ื‘ื–ืžืŸ ื”ืจื™ืฆื”.

ืžื“ื™ื“ืช ื—ื•ื‘ ื˜ื›ื ื™ ื”ืงืฉื•ืจ ืœืžื•ืจื›ื‘ื•ืช ืฉืœ ืงืจื™ืื” ื—ื•ื–ืจืช

ื—ื•ื‘ ื˜ื›ื ื™ ืžืฉืคื™ืข ื™ืฉื™ืจื•ืช ืขืœ ื”ืžื•ื›ื ื•ืช ืœืื™ืžื•ืฅ Promise. ื›ืœ ืฉื›ื‘ื” ืฉืœ ืงื™ื ื•ืŸ callback ืžื™ื™ืฆื’ืช ืžื•ืจื›ื‘ื•ืช ื ืกืชืจืช ืฉืขืฉื•ื™ื” ืœื”ืกืชื™ืจ ืžืฆื‘ ืžืฉื•ืชืฃ ืื• ืจืฆืฃ ืžืจื•ืžื–. ื›ื™ืžื•ืช ืžื•ืจื›ื‘ื•ืช ื–ื• ืžืกืคืงืช ืžื“ื“ ืื•ื‘ื™ื™ืงื˜ื™ื‘ื™ ืœืžืืžืฅ ื”ืžื•ื“ืจื ื™ื–ืฆื™ื”. ืžื“ื“ื™ื ื›ื’ื•ืŸ ืขื•ืžืง callback, ืฆืคื™ืคื•ืช ืฆื™ืžื•ื“ ื•ื”ื™ืงืฃ ืคื•ื ืงืฆื™ื” ืžืžื•ืฆืข ืขื•ื–ืจื™ื ืœื”ืขืจื™ืš ืืช ืžืกืคืจ ื”ื”ืžืจื•ืช ื”ื ื“ืจืฉื•ืช. ืขืงืจื•ื ื•ืช ืžื“ื™ื“ื” ื“ื•ืžื™ื ืžืชื•ืืจื™ื ื‘ ืžื•ืจื›ื‘ื•ืช ืฆื™ืงืœื•ืžื˜ื™ืช, ืืฉืจ ืžื›ืžืช ืกื™ื›ื•ืŸ ืžื‘ื ื™ ื‘ืœื•ื’ื™ืงื” ืคืจื•ืฆื“ื•ืจืœื™ืช.

ืฆืคื™ืคื•ืช ื’ื‘ื•ื”ื” ืฉืœ ืฉื™ื—ื•ืช ื—ื•ื–ืจื•ืช (callback calls) ืžื’ื“ื™ืœื” ืืช ื”ืกื‘ื™ืจื•ืช ืœืชื•ืคืขื•ืช ืœื•ื•ืื™ ื‘ืขืช ื”ืฆื’ืช Promises. ืžื“ื™ื“ืช ืื™ื ื“ื™ืงื˜ื•ืจื™ื ืืœื” ืžืืคืฉืจืช ืœืฆื•ื•ืชื™ื ืœื™ืฆื•ืจ ืžืคื•ืช ื“ืจื›ื™ื ืœืžื•ื“ืจื ื™ื–ืฆื™ื” ื”ืžื˜ืคืœื•ืช ืชื—ื™ืœื” ื‘ืื–ื•ืจื™ื ื‘ืขืœื™ ืกื™ื›ื•ืŸ ื’ื‘ื•ื”. ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ื”ืžืจืช ืื–ื•ืจื™ื ืคื—ื•ืช ืžื•ืจื›ื‘ื™ื ื‘ืชื—ื™ืœื”, ืฆื•ื•ืชื™ื ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœืืžืช ื“ืคื•ืกื™ื, ื›ืœื™ื ื•ืœืกืงื•ืจ ืชื”ืœื™ื›ื™ื ืœืคื ื™ ื”ืชืžื•ื“ื“ื•ืช ืขื ืจื›ื™ื‘ื™ื ืงืจื™ื˜ื™ื™ื ืœืžืฉื™ืžื”. ืžื“ื™ื“ืช ื—ื•ื‘ ื˜ื›ื ื™ ื”ื•ืคื›ืช ืืช ื”ืžื•ื“ืจื ื™ื–ืฆื™ื” ืœืชื”ืœื™ืš ื”ื ื“ืกื™ ืžื‘ื•ืงืจ ื•ืœื ืœืชืจื’ื™ืœ ื›ืชื™ื‘ื” ืžื—ื“ืฉ.

ื”ื’ื“ืจืช ื ืงื•ื“ื•ืช ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช ืœื”ืขืจื›ื” ืขื‘ื•ืจ ืžืขื‘ืจ ื”ื“ืจื’ืชื™

ืžื•ื›ื ื•ืช ืœื”ื‘ื˜ื—ื” ืžืื•ืฉืจืช ืœื ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช ืื—ืช ืืœื ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ื ืงื•ื“ื•ืช ื‘ื“ื™ืงื” ื”ื“ืจื’ืชื™ื•ืช. ื›ืœ ื ืงื•ื“ื•ืช ื‘ื“ื™ืงื” ืžืืžืชื•ืช ืฉื—ืœืง ืžื”ืžืขืจื›ืช ืขื•ืžื“ ื‘ืงืจื™ื˜ืจื™ื•ื ื™ื ื”ื˜ื›ื ื™ื™ื ื•ื”ืคื•ื ืงืฆื™ื•ื ืœื™ื™ื ืœื”ืขื‘ืจื” ื‘ื˜ื•ื—ื”. ืœืื—ืจ ื›ืœ ื”ืžืจื”, ื‘ื“ื™ืงื•ืช ื‘ื™ืฆื•ืขื™ื ื•ื™ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืช ืžืืฉืจื•ืช ืฉืกื“ืจ ื”ื‘ื™ืฆื•ืข, ื”ืชืคืฉื˜ื•ืช ื”ืฉื’ื™ืื•ืช ื•ืขืงื‘ื™ื•ืช ื”ื ืชื•ื ื™ื ื ื•ืชืจื• ืฉืœืžื™ื.

ืœื•ืœืื•ืช ื”ืขืจื›ื” ืืœื• ืžื”ื•ื•ืช ืืช ื”ืžืงื‘ื™ืœื” ื”ืชืคืขื•ืœื™ืช ืœืืกื˜ืจื˜ื’ื™ื•ืช ืคืจื™ืกื” ืื™ื˜ืจื˜ื™ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื›ื’ื•ืŸ ืจืคืงื˜ื•ืจื™ื ื’ ื›ื—ื•ืœ-ื™ืจื•ืงื›ืœ ืฉืœื‘ ืžืืžืช ื”ื ื—ื•ืช ืœืคื ื™ ืคืจื™ืกื” ืจื—ื‘ื” ื™ื•ืชืจ. ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ื”ื˜ืžืขืช ื ืงื•ื“ื•ืช ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช ื‘ืžืžืฉืœ ื”ืžื•ื“ืจื ื™ื–ืฆื™ื”, ืืจื’ื•ื ื™ื ืžื‘ื˜ื™ื—ื™ื ืฉื”ื—ืœื˜ื•ืช ื”ื’ื™ืจื” ืžื‘ื•ืกืกื•ืช ืขืœ ืจืื™ื•ืช ื•ื”ืคื™ื›ื•ืช ืื ืžืชืขื•ืจืจื•ืช ืชืœื•ืช ื‘ืœืชื™ ืฆืคื•ื™ื•ืช. ื”ืชื•ืฆืื” ื”ื™ื ื ืชื™ื‘ ืžืžื•ืฉืžืข ื•ื‘ืขืœ ืกื™ื›ื•ืŸ ื ืžื•ืš ืœืงืจืืช ืื™ืžื•ืฅ ืžืœื ืฉืœ Promise, ื”ืžื•ื ื—ื” ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ืื™ืžื•ืช ืžืชืžืฉืš ื•ืœื ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ื”ื ื—ื•ืช.

ืืกื˜ืจื˜ื’ื™ื•ืช ืฉื™ืคื•ืฅ ืžืฆื˜ื‘ืจ ืขื‘ื•ืจ ืงื•ื“ ืืกื™ื ื›ืจื•ื ื™ ืงืจื™ื˜ื™ ืœืžืฉื™ืžื”

ืขื‘ื•ืจ ืžืขืจื›ื•ืช ืืจื’ื•ื ื™ื•ืช ื’ื“ื•ืœื•ืช ื•ืคืขื™ืœื•ืช ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืจืฆื™ืฃ, ืฉื™ืคื•ืฅ ืืกื™ื ื›ืจื•ื ื™ ืื™ื ื• ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื”ืกืชืžืš ืขืœ ื›ืชื™ื‘ื” ืžื—ื“ืฉ ืžืœืื” ืื• ืžืขื‘ืจื™ื ืคืชืื•ืžื™ื™ื. ื™ื™ืฉื•ืžื™ื ืงืจื™ื˜ื™ื™ื ืœืžืฉื™ืžื” ืคื•ืขืœื™ื ืชื—ืช ืื™ืœื•ืฆื™ื ื”ื“ื•ืจืฉื™ื ื–ืžื™ื ื•ืช ืฉื™ืจื•ืช ืœืœื ื”ืคืจืขื”, ื”ืชืคืชื—ื•ืช ืงื•ื“ ืžื‘ื•ืงืจืช ื•ื™ื›ื•ืœื•ืช ื”ื—ื–ืจื” ืœืžืฆื‘ ืงื•ื“ื (rollback) ืžื™ื™ื“ื™ ื‘ืžืงืจื” ืฉืœ ื”ืชื ื”ื’ื•ืช ื‘ืœืชื™ ืฆืคื•ื™ื”. ืฉื™ืคื•ืฅ ืžืฆื˜ื‘ืจ ืžืกืคืง ื ืชื™ื‘ ืฉื™ื˜ืชื™ ืœืžื•ื“ืจื ื™ื–ืฆื™ื” ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ื—ืœื•ืงืช ื˜ืจื ืกืคื•ืจืžืฆื™ื” ืืกื™ื ื›ืจื•ื ื™ืช ืœืฉืœื‘ื™ื ื ืคืจื“ื™ื, ื ื™ืชื ื™ื ืœื‘ื“ื™ืงื” ื•ื”ืคื™ื›ื™ื. ื”ื•ื ืžื‘ื˜ื™ื— ืฉื”ื‘ื™ืฆื•ืขื™ื ื•ื”ื™ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืช ื™ื™ืฉืืจื• ืขืงื‘ื™ื™ื ื‘ืขื•ื“ ืฉืฉืจืฉืจืื•ืช ืชืœื•ืช ืžืชืคืชื—ื•ืช ื‘ื”ื“ืจื’ื” ืžื“ืคื•ืกื™ื ืžื•ื ืขื™-ืงืจื™ืื” ื—ื•ื–ืจืช ืœืืจื›ื™ื˜ืงื˜ื•ืจื•ืช Promise ื•ืืจื›ื™ื˜ืงื˜ื•ืจื•ืช async/await.

ื”ื’ื™ืจื” ื”ื“ืจื’ืชื™ืช ืื™ื ื” ืžื•ื’ื‘ืœืช ืœืจืฆืฃ ื˜ื›ื ื™. ื”ื™ื ื›ื•ืœืœืช ื’ื ืชื›ื ื•ืŸ ืชืคืขื•ืœื™, ืืกื˜ืจื˜ื’ื™ื™ืช ืคืจื™ืกื” ื•ืคื™ืงื•ื— ืขืœ ืžืžืฉืœ. ื›ืœ ืฉืœื‘ ืฉืœ ืขื™ื‘ื•ื“ ืžื—ื“ืฉ ื—ื™ื™ื‘ ืœื”ืชืื™ื ืœื™ืขื“ื™ ื”ืขืกืง, ื—ืœื•ื ื•ืช ื”ืชื—ื–ื•ืงื” ื•ื“ืจื™ืฉื•ืช ื”ืชืื™ืžื•ืช. ื’ื™ืฉื” ื–ื• ืžืงื‘ื™ืœื” ืืคืก ื–ืžืŸ ื”ืฉื‘ืชื” ืžื—ื“ืฉ, ืืฉืจ ืžื“ื’ื™ื ื›ื™ืฆื“ ืžืขืจื›ื•ืช ืžื•ืจื›ื‘ื•ืช ื™ื›ื•ืœื•ืช ืœื”ืชืคืชื— ืžื‘ืœื™ ืœืฉื‘ืฉ ืืช ื”ื™ื™ืฆื•ืจ. ื”ืฉื™ื˜ื•ืช ื”ื‘ืื•ืช ืžืชืืจื•ืช ื›ื™ืฆื“ ืฆื•ื•ืชื™ื ื‘ื•ื ื™ื ืžื•ื“ืจื ื™ื–ืฆื™ื” ืืกื™ื ื›ืจื•ื ื™ืช ื”ื“ืจื’ืชื™ืช ืชื•ืš ืฉืžื™ืจื” ืขืœ ื—ื•ืกืŸ ื•ืžืขืงื‘ื™ื•ืช ื‘ื™ืŸ ืกื‘ื™ื‘ื•ืช.

ืงื‘ื™ืขืช ื’ื‘ื•ืœื•ืช ืฉืœ ืฉื™ืคื•ืฅ ืžื‘ื•ืกืกื™ ืชื›ื•ื ื•ืช

ื’ื‘ื•ืœื•ืช ืขื™ื‘ื•ื“ ืžื—ื“ืฉ ืžื’ื“ื™ืจื™ื ื”ื™ื›ืŸ ืžืชื—ื™ืœื” ื•ืžืกืชื™ื™ืžืช ื”ื˜ืจื ืกืคื•ืจืžืฆื™ื” ื‘ื›ืœ ืื™ื˜ืจืฆื™ื”. ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ื”ืชืžืงื“ื•ืช ื‘ื’ื‘ื•ืœื•ืช ื‘ืจืžืช ื”ืชื›ื•ื ื•ืช ืื• ื”ืฉื™ืจื•ืช, ืฆื•ื•ืชื™ื ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœืฉื ื•ืช ื—ืœืงื™ื ืžื‘ื•ื“ื“ื™ื ืฉืœ ื‘ืกื™ืก ื”ืงื•ื“ ืžื‘ืœื™ ืœื”ืฉืคื™ืข ืขืœ ืคื•ื ืงืฆื™ื•ื ืœื™ื•ืช ืกืžื•ื›ื”. ื–ื™ื”ื•ื™ ื’ื‘ื•ืœื•ืช ืืœื” ื“ื•ืจืฉ ื ื™ืชื•ื— ืฉืœ ืžืคื•ืช ืชืœื•ืช ืงื™ื™ืžื•ืช ื•ืื™ื ื˜ืจืืงืฆื™ื•ืช ื‘ื–ืžืŸ ืจื™ืฆื”. ืคื•ื ืงืฆื™ื•ืช ืื• ืžื•ื“ื•ืœื™ื ื”ืžืกืคืงื™ื ื”ืชื ื”ื’ื•ืช ืืกื™ื ื›ืจื•ื ื™ืช ืขืฆืžืื™ืช, ื›ื’ื•ืŸ ืื—ื–ื•ืจ ื ืชื•ื ื™ื ืื• ืื™ืžื•ืช ืžืฉืชืžืฉ, ื”ื ืžื•ืขืžื“ื™ื ืื™ื“ื™ืืœื™ื™ื ืœืžื—ื–ื•ืจื™ ื”ื’ื™ืจื” ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื™ื.

ืคื™ืœื•ื— ืชื›ื•ื ื•ืช ื’ื ืžืกื™ื™ืข ื‘ืฉืžื™ืจื” ืขืœ ืื—ืจื™ื•ืช ื‘ืจื•ืจื”. ื›ืœ ื’ื‘ื•ืœ ื›ื•ืœืœ ืžืžืฉืงื™ื ืžื•ื’ื“ืจื™ื ื•ื ืงื•ื“ื•ืช ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช ืื™ืžื•ืช. ื‘ื“ื™ืงื•ืช ืื™ื ื˜ื’ืจืฆื™ื” ืžื‘ื˜ื™ื—ื•ืช ืฉืคืœื—ื™ื ืฉืขื‘ืจื• ืจื™ืคืงื˜ื•ืจื™ื ื’ ืžืชื ื”ื’ื™ื ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ื–ื”ื” ืœืžืงื‘ื™ืœื™ื ื”ื™ืฉื ื™ื ืฉืœื”ื. ื’ื™ืฉื” ืžื•ื“ื•ืœืจื™ืช ื–ื• ืžื”ื“ื”ื“ืช ืืช ื”ืคืจืงื˜ื™ืงื•ืช ืฉื ื“ื•ื ื• ื‘ ืฉื™ืœื•ื‘ ื™ื™ืฉื•ืžื™ื ืืจื’ื•ื ื™ื™ื, ืฉื‘ื• ืจื›ื™ื‘ื™ื ืžื ื•ืชืงื™ื ืžืืคืฉืจื™ื ืžื•ื“ืจื ื™ื–ืฆื™ื” ืฆืคื•ื™ื”. ืœืื—ืจ ืฉืชื›ื•ื ื” ืขื•ื‘ืจืช ืื™ืžื•ืช, ื ื™ืชืŸ ืœืคืจื•ืก ืื•ืชื” ืžื—ื“ืฉ ื‘ื”ื“ืจื’ื”, ืชื•ืš ืžื–ืขื•ืจ ื”ืกื™ื›ื•ืŸ ื•ื–ืžืŸ ื”ื”ืฉื‘ืชื”.

ื”ืฆื’ืช ืฉื›ื‘ื•ืช ืขื˜ื™ืคื” ืœื’ื™ืฉื•ืจ ืขืœ ืชื—ื‘ื™ืจ ื™ืฉืŸ ื•ื—ื“ืฉ

ืคืขื•ืœื” ื”ื™ื‘ืจื™ื“ื™ืช ื‘ื™ืŸ ืœื•ื’ื™ืงืช callback ื•ืœื•ื’ื™ืงืช Promise ื”ื™ื ื‘ืœืชื™ ื ืžื ืขืช ื‘ืžื”ืœืš ื”ื’ื™ืจื”. ืฉื›ื‘ื•ืช ืขื•ื˜ืคื•ืช ืžืืคืฉืจื•ืช ืœืฉื ื™ ื”ืžื•ื“ืœื™ื ืœื”ืชืงื™ื™ื ื™ื—ื“ ื‘ืฆื•ืจื” ื—ืœืงื”. ืคื•ื ืงืฆื™ื™ืช ืขื•ื˜ืคืช ืžืงื‘ืœืช ืžืžืฉืง callback ื•ืžื—ื–ื™ืจื” Promise ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืคื ื™ืžื™, ื•ืžืชืจื’ืžืช ื”ืชื ื”ื’ื•ืช ืžื“ื•ืจ ืงื•ื“ื ืœืชื—ื‘ื™ืจ ืžื•ื“ืจื ื™ ืžื‘ืœื™ ืœื“ืจื•ืฉ ืขื™ื‘ื•ื“ ืžื—ื“ืฉ ืžื™ื™ื“ื™ ืฉืœ ื›ืœ ื”ืชืœื•ื™ื•ืช. ื˜ื›ื ื™ืงื” ื–ื• ืฉื•ืžืจืช ืขืœ ืชืื™ืžื•ืช ื‘ื™ืŸ ืžื•ื“ื•ืœื™ื ืชื•ืš ืžืขื‘ืจ ื”ื“ืจื’ืชื™ ืฉืœ ื–ืจื™ืžืช ื”ื‘ื™ืฆื•ืข.

ืขื˜ื™ืคื•ืช (wrappers) ื‘ืขืœื•ืช ืขืจืš ืจื‘ ื‘ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ ื‘ืžืขืจื›ื•ืช ื”ืžืฉืชืžืฉื•ืช ื‘ืกืคืจื™ื•ืช ืฉืœ ืฆื“ ืฉืœื™ืฉื™ ืฉืขื“ื™ื™ืŸ ืชืœื•ื™ื•ืช ื‘-callbacks. ื™ื™ืฉื•ื ื—ื–ื™ืชื•ืช ืžื‘ื•ืกืกื•ืช Promise ืžืืคืฉืจ ืœืฆื•ื•ืชื™ื ืœื—ื“ืฉ ืชื—ื™ืœื” ืืช ื”ืงื•ื“ ื”ืคื ื™ืžื™, ื•ืœื“ื—ื•ืช ืืช ื”ื”ืขื‘ืจื” ื”ื—ื™ืฆื•ื ื™ืช ืขื“ ืฉืขื“ื›ื•ื ื™ ืชืœื•ืช ื™ื”ื™ื• ื–ืžื™ื ื™ื. ื”ืงื•ื ืกืคื˜ ืขื•ืงื‘ ืื—ืจ ื“ืคื•ืก ื”ื‘ื™ื ื™ื™ื ืฉื ืจืื” ื‘- ืขื™ื‘ื•ื“ ืžื—ื“ืฉ ืฉืœ ืœื•ื’ื™ืงืช ื—ื™ื‘ื•ืจ ืžืกื“ ื ืชื•ื ื™ื, ืฉื‘ื” ืฉื›ื‘ื•ืช ื”ืคืฉื˜ื” ืžืืคืฉืจื•ืช ืฉื™ื ื•ื™ ื”ื“ืจื’ืชื™ ืชื•ืš ืฉืžื™ืจื” ืขืœ ื™ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืช. ืขื ื”ื–ืžืŸ, ืขื˜ื™ืคื•ืช ืžื‘ื•ื˜ืœื•ืช ื‘ื”ื“ืจื’ื” ื›ืืฉืจ ื”ืžืขืจื›ืช ื›ื•ืœื” ืžืชื™ื™ืฉืจืช ืœืคืจื“ื™ื’ืžื” ื”ืืกื™ื ื›ืจื•ื ื™ืช ื”ื—ื“ืฉื”.

ืฉื™ืžื•ืฉ ื‘ืคืจื™ืกื” ืงื ืจื™ืช ื•ื”ื—ืœืคืช ืชื›ื•ื ื•ืช ืœืฆื•ืจืš ืคืจื™ืกื” ืžื‘ื•ืงืจืช

ืฉื™ืคื•ืฅ ืžืฆื˜ื‘ืจ (refactoring) ื ื”ื ื” ืžืืกื˜ืจื˜ื’ื™ื•ืช ืคืจื™ืกื” ื”ืžื‘ื•ื“ื“ื•ืช ื•ื‘ื•ื“ืงื•ืช ื ืชื™ื‘ื™ื ืืกื™ื ื›ืจื•ื ื™ื™ื ื—ื“ืฉื™ื ื‘ื˜ื•ื•ื—ื™ ื™ื™ืฆื•ืจ ืžื•ื’ื‘ืœื™ื. ืคืจื™ืกืช Canary ืžืฆื™ื’ื” ืฉื™ื ื•ื™ื™ื ื‘ืงื‘ื•ืฆืช ืžืฉื ื” ืงื˜ื ื” ืฉืœ ืžืฉืชืžืฉื™ื ืื• ืกื‘ื™ื‘ื•ืช ืœืคื ื™ ื”ื”ืคืฆื” ื”ื’ืœื•ื‘ืœื™ืช, ืžื” ืฉืžืืคืฉืจ ืœืฆื•ื•ืชื™ื ืœืฆืคื•ืช ื‘ืžื“ื“ื™ ื‘ื™ืฆื•ืขื™ื ื•ืœื–ื”ื•ืช ืื ื•ืžืœื™ื•ืช. ืžืชื’ื™ื ืœืชื›ื•ื ื•ืช ืžื•ืกื™ืคื™ื ืฉื›ื‘ืช ืฉืœื™ื˜ื” ื ื•ืกืคืช ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ื”ืคืขืœื” ืื• ื”ืฉื‘ืชื” ื“ื™ื ืžื™ืช ืฉืœ ืคื•ื ืงืฆื™ื•ืช ืฉืขื‘ืจื• ืฉื™ืคื•ืฅ.

ื ื”ืœื™ื ืืœื” ืžืฉืงืคื™ื ืืช ืืœื” ืฉื‘ ืžื•ื“ืจื ื™ื–ืฆื™ื” ืžืžื™ื™ื ืคืจื™ื™ื ืœืขื ืŸ, ืฉื‘ื”ื ืคืจื™ืกื•ืช ืžื‘ื•ืงืจื•ืช ืกื™ื›ื•ื ื™ื ื—ื™ื•ื ื™ื•ืช ืœืฉืžื™ืจื” ืขืœ ื”ืžืฉื›ื™ื•ืช ืชืคืขื•ืœื™ืช. ืจื™ืฉื•ื ื•ื ื™ื˜ื•ืจ ื‘ืžื”ืœืš ืฉืœื‘ื™ ื”ืงื ืจื™ื™ื ืžืกืคืงื™ื ืื™ืžื•ืช ื‘ื–ืžืŸ ืืžืช ืฉืžืขื‘ืจื™ื ืืกื™ื ื›ืจื•ื ื™ื™ื ืฉื•ืžืจื™ื ืขืœ ืชืคื•ืงื” ื•ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ื‘ืฉื’ื™ืื•ืช ื–ื”ื™ื ืœืืœื• ืฉืœ ื”ืงืจื™ืื•ืช ื”ื—ื•ื–ืจื•ืช ื”ืžืงื•ืจื™ื•ืช. ื›ืืฉืจ ื”ื™ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืช ืžืื•ืฉืจืช, ื”ืžืชื’ื™ื ืžื•ืจื—ื‘ื™ื ืขื“ ืฉื”ื’ืจืกื” ื”ืžื•ื“ืจื ื™ืช ืชื—ืœื™ืฃ ื‘ืžืœื•ืื” ืืช ื”ืœื•ื’ื™ืงื” ื”ื™ืฉื ื”.

ืชื™ืขื•ื“ ื•ืื•ื˜ื•ืžืฆื™ื” ืฉืœ ืื™ืžื•ืช ื‘ื™ืŸ ืฉืœื‘ื™ื

ืชื™ืขื•ื“ ื•ืื•ื˜ื•ืžืฆื™ื” ืžื‘ื˜ื™ื—ื™ื ืฉืขื™ื‘ื•ื“ ืžื—ื“ืฉ ืžืฆื˜ื‘ืจ ื™ื™ืฉืืจ ืขืงื‘ื™ ืขืœ ืคื ื™ ืฆื•ื•ืชื™ื ื•ืกื‘ื™ื‘ื•ืช ืžืจื•ื‘ื•ืช. ื›ืœ ืžื—ื–ื•ืจ ื”ื’ื™ืจื” ื—ื™ื™ื‘ ืœื›ืœื•ืœ ืชื™ืขื•ื“ ืฉืœ ืžื•ื“ื•ืœื™ื ืžื•ืฉืคืขื™ื, ืžืžืฉืงื™ื ืžืขื•ื“ื›ื ื™ื ื•ื”ืชืืžื•ืช ืชืœื•ื™ื•ืช. ืกืงืจื™ืคื˜ื™ื ืื•ื˜ื•ืžื˜ื™ื™ื ืœืื™ืžื•ืช ืžืฉื•ื•ื™ื ื”ืชื ื”ื’ื•ืช ื™ืฉื ื” ื•ื—ื“ืฉื” ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ื‘ื“ื™ืงื•ืช ืจื’ืจืกื™ื” ื•ื”ืฉื•ื•ืืช ื‘ื™ืฆื•ืขื™ื. ื”ื ืชื•ื ื™ื ืฉื ืืกืคื™ื ื‘ืžื”ืœืš ื›ืœ ืื™ื˜ืจืฆื™ื” ืžืœืžื“ื™ื ืขืœ ื”ืฉืœื‘ื™ื ื”ื‘ืื™ื, ื•ืžื“ื’ื™ืฉื™ื ืชื—ื•ืžื™ื ืฉื‘ื”ื ื ื“ืจืฉ ืขื™ื‘ื•ื“ ืžื—ื“ืฉ ืื• ืื•ืคื˜ื™ืžื™ื–ืฆื™ื” ื ื•ืกืคื™ื.

ื’ื™ืฉื” ื–ื• ืžืชื™ื™ืฉื‘ืช ืขื ืžืกื’ืจื•ืช ืœื‘ื“ื™ืงื•ืช ืจื’ืจืกื™ื” ืฉืœ ื‘ื™ืฆื•ืขื™ื, ืฉื‘ื• ื”ืื™ืžื•ืช ื”ื•ื ืจืฆื™ืฃ ื•ืœื ืจื˜ืจื•ืกืคืงื˜ื™ื‘ื™. ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ืงื™ื“ื•ื“ ืฉื’ืจื•ืช ืื™ืžื•ืช, ืืจื’ื•ื ื™ื ื”ื•ืคื›ื™ื ืžื•ื“ืจื ื™ื–ืฆื™ื” ืืกื™ื ื›ืจื•ื ื™ืช ืœืชื—ื•ื ื”ื ื“ืกื™ ื”ื ื™ืชืŸ ืœื—ื–ืจื”. ื”ืชืงื“ืžื•ืช ื”ื“ืจื’ืชื™ืช, ื‘ืฉื™ืœื•ื‘ ืขื ืื™ืžื•ืช ืจืฆื™ืฃ, ืžื‘ื˜ืœืช ืืช ืื™ ื”ื•ื•ื“ืื•ืช ืฉืœืขืชื™ื ืงืจื•ื‘ื•ืช ืื•ืคืคืช ื˜ืจื ืกืคื•ืจืžืฆื™ื•ืช JavaScript ื‘ืงื ื” ืžื™ื“ื” ื’ื“ื•ืœ, ื•ืžืืคืฉืจืช ืœืžืขืจื›ื•ืช ืงืจื™ื˜ื™ื•ืช ืœืžืฉื™ืžื” ืœื”ืชืคืชื— ื‘ื‘ื™ื˜ื—ื•ืŸ ืœืขื‘ืจ ืืจื›ื™ื˜ืงื˜ื•ืจื•ืช ืืกื™ื ื›ืจื•ื ื™ื•ืช ืžื•ื“ืจื ื™ื•ืช.

ืขื™ื‘ื•ื“ ืžื—ื“ืฉ ืฉืœ ืœื•ื’ื™ืงืช ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ื‘ืฉื’ื™ืื•ืช ืœืžื‘ื ื™ื ืžื‘ื•ืกืกื™ ื”ื‘ื˜ื—ื•ืช

ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ื‘ืฉื’ื™ืื•ืช ื‘ื‘ืกื™ืกื™ ืงื•ื“ ืืกื™ื ื›ืจื•ื ื™ื™ื ืžื“ื•ืจ ืงื•ื“ื ืขื•ืงื‘ ืœืขืชื™ื ืงืจื•ื‘ื•ืช ืื—ืจ ื“ืคื•ืกื™ื ืœื ืขืงื‘ื™ื™ื ืฉืขื•ืฆื‘ื• ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ืฉื ื™ื ืฉืœ ืชื™ืงื•ื ื™ื ืžืฆื˜ื‘ืจื™ื. ืืจื›ื™ื˜ืงื˜ื•ืจื•ืช ืžื•ื ื—ื•ืช ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ Callback ืžืกืชืžื›ื•ืช ืขืœ ื”ืคืฆื” ื™ื“ื ื™ืช ืฉืœ ืืจื’ื•ืžื ื˜ื™ื ืฉืœ ืฉื’ื™ืื” ื“ืจืš ืคื•ื ืงืฆื™ื•ืช ืžืงื•ื ื ื•ืช ืขืžื•ืง, ืฉื‘ื”ืŸ ื—ืจื™ื’ื™ื ืขืœื•ืœื™ื ืœื”ืชืขืœื ืื• ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืžื•ื—ืœืคื™ื. ื—ื•ืกืจ ืขืงื‘ื™ื•ืช ื–ื” ืžืงืฉื” ืขืœ ื ื™ืคื•ื™ ืฉื’ื™ืื•ืช ื•ืžื’ื‘ื™ืจ ืืช ื”ืกื™ื›ื•ืŸ ืœื›ืฉืœื™ื ืฉืงื˜ื™ื ื‘ืกื‘ื™ื‘ื•ืช ื™ื™ืฆื•ืจ. ืžืขื‘ืจ ืœ-Promises ืžืกืคืง ืžืกื’ืจืช ืžื•ื‘ื ื™ืช ื•ืฆืคื•ื™ื” ืœื ื™ื”ื•ืœ ืฉื’ื™ืื•ืช, ื”ืžืืคืฉืจืช ืœืฉื’ื™ืื•ืช ืœื”ืชืคืฉื˜ ื“ืจืš ืขืจื•ืฆื™ื ืกื˜ื ื“ืจื˜ื™ื™ื ื•ืžืคื—ื™ืชื” ืืช ื”ื”ืกืชื‘ืจื•ืช ืœื—ืจื™ื’ื™ื ืฉืœื ื˜ื•ืคืœื•.

ืขื™ื‘ื•ื“ ืžื—ื“ืฉ ืฉืœ ืœื•ื’ื™ืงื” ืœื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ื‘ืฉื’ื™ืื•ืช ื›ืจื•ืš ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžื”ื—ืœืคืช ืชื—ื‘ื™ืจ. ื–ื” ื“ื•ืจืฉ ื ื™ืชื•ื— ื›ื™ืฆื“ ืคื•ื ืงืฆื™ื•ืช ืžื“ื•ืจ ืงื•ื“ื ืžื ื”ืœื•ืช ื—ืจื™ื’ื™ื, ื–ื™ื”ื•ื™ ืื™ืœื• ืฉื›ื‘ื•ืช ืฉื•ืœื˜ื•ืช ื‘ื ื™ืกื™ื•ื ื•ืช ื—ื•ื–ืจื™ื, ื•ื”ื‘ื˜ื—ื” ืฉื”ืงืฉืจ ื”ืฉื’ื™ืื•ืช ื ืฉืžืจ ืœืื•ืจืš ื›ืœ ื”ืฉืจืฉืจืช ื”ืืกื™ื ื›ืจื•ื ื™ืช. ื–ืจื™ืžืช ืฉื’ื™ืื•ืช ืžื•ื‘ื ื™ืช, ื‘ืฉื™ืœื•ื‘ ืขื ืจื™ืฉื•ื ื•ื”ืชืจืื•ืช ืžืื•ื—ื“ื•ืช, ืžืืคืฉืจืช ื”ืชื ื”ื’ื•ืช ืฉื—ื–ื•ืจ ืขืงื‘ื™ืช ื™ื•ืชืจ ื•ืžื—ื–ื•ืจื™ ืคืชืจื•ืŸ ืงืฆืจื™ื ื™ื•ืชืจ. ื”ืชื”ืœื™ืš ืžืชื™ื™ืฉื‘ ืขื ืขืงืจื•ื ื•ืช ื”ืžื•ื“ืจื ื™ื–ืฆื™ื” ื”ืžืชื•ืืจื™ื ื‘ ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ื ื›ื•ืŸ ื‘ืฉื’ื™ืื•ืช ื‘ืคื™ืชื•ื— ืชื•ื›ื ื”, ืชื•ืš ื”ื“ื’ืฉืช ื”ืขืจืš ื”ืชืคืขื•ืœื™ ืฉืœ ื™ื›ื•ืœืช ื—ื™ื–ื•ื™ ืขืœ ืคื ื™ ืชื’ื•ื‘ื” ืžื‘ื•ืกืกืช ื˜ืœืื™ื.

ืžื™ืคื•ื™ ืฉืจืฉืจืื•ืช ื”ืชืคืฉื˜ื•ืช ืฉื’ื™ืื•ืช ืงื™ื™ืžื•ืช

ืงื•ื“ ืืกื™ื ื›ืจื•ื ื™ ืžื“ื•ืจ ืงื•ื“ื ื‘ื“ืจืš ื›ืœืœ ืžืขื‘ื™ืจ ืื•ื‘ื™ื™ืงื˜ื™ ืฉื’ื™ืื” ืื• ืงื•ื“ื™ ืกื˜ื˜ื•ืก ื“ืจืš ืคืจืžื˜ืจื™ callback, ืžื” ืฉืžื—ื™ื™ื‘ ืืช ื”ืžืคืชื—ื™ื ืœื”ืคื™ืฅ ื‘ืขื™ื•ืช ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ื™ื“ื ื™ ื‘ืžืขืœื” ืžื—ืกื ื™ืช ื”ืงืจื™ืื”. ืžื™ืคื•ื™ ื ืชื™ื‘ื™ ื”ืชืคืฉื˜ื•ืช ืืœื” ื”ื•ื ื”ืฆืขื“ ื”ืจืืฉื•ืŸ ืœืงืจืืช ืฉื™ืคื•ืฅ ืฉื™ื˜ืชื™. ืฆื•ื•ืชื™ื ื—ื™ื™ื‘ื™ื ืœืงื‘ื•ืข ื”ื™ื›ืŸ ืžืงื•ืจ ื”ืฉื’ื™ืื•ืช, ื›ื™ืฆื“ ื”ืŸ ืขื•ื‘ืจื•ืช ื˜ืจื ืกืคื•ืจืžืฆื™ื” ื•ื”ื™ื›ืŸ ื”ืŸ ืžื˜ื•ืคืœื•ืช ืœื‘ืกื•ืฃ. ื‘ื“ื™ืงื” ืกื˜ื˜ื™ืช ื‘ืฉื™ืœื•ื‘ ืขื ืจื™ืฉื•ื ื‘ื–ืžืŸ ืจื™ืฆื” ืžืกื™ื™ืขืช ืœื—ืฉื•ืฃ ืžื˜ืคืœื™ื ื—ืกืจื™ื ืื• ื›ืคื•ืœื™ื.

ื™ืฆื™ืจืช ืžืคื” ื—ื–ื•ืชื™ืช ืฉืœ ื”ืชืคืฉื˜ื•ืช ืฉื’ื™ืื•ืช ืžืงื‘ื™ืœื” ืœืคืจืงื˜ื™ืงื” ืฉืœ ื”ื“ืžื™ื™ืช ืงื•ื“ื›ืœ ืฆื•ืžืช ืžื™ื™ืฆื’ ื ืงื•ื“ืช ื›ืฉืœ ืคื•ื˜ื ืฆื™ืืœื™ืช, ื•ื›ืœ ืงืฆื” ืžื’ื“ื™ืจ ื›ื™ืฆื“ ื”ืฉื’ื™ืื” ืขื•ื‘ืจืช ื‘ื™ืŸ ืคื•ื ืงืฆื™ื•ืช. ืชื”ืœื™ืš ืžื™ืคื•ื™ ื–ื” ื—ื•ืฉืฃ ื—ื•ืœืฉื•ืช ืžื‘ื ื™ื•ืช ื›ื’ื•ืŸ ืคื•ืจืžื˜ื™ื ืœื ืขืงื‘ื™ื™ื ืฉืœ ื”ื•ื“ืขื•ืช ืื• ืœื•ื’ื™ืงืช ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ืžื•ืชื ื™ืช ืฉืขื•ืงืคืช ื”ืขื‘ืจืช ืฉื’ื™ืื•ืช. ืœืื—ืจ ื”ื•ื•ื™ื–ื•ืืœื™ื–ืฆื™ื”, ืฆื•ื•ืชื™ื ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœืชืขื“ืฃ ืื™ืœื• ืžืงื˜ืขื™ื ื“ื•ืจืฉื™ื ืืจื’ื•ืŸ ืžื—ื“ืฉ ืžื™ื™ื“ื™ ืœื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ืžื‘ื•ืกืก Promise.

ืื™ื—ื•ื“ ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ื‘ืฉื’ื™ืื•ืช ืืกื™ื ื›ืจื•ื ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ืฉืจืฉืจืื•ืช ื”ื‘ื˜ื—ื”

ื”ื‘ื˜ื—ื•ืช (Promises) ืžืคืฉื˜ื•ืช ืืช ื”ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ื‘ืฉื’ื™ืื•ืช ืืกื™ื ื›ืจื•ื ื™ื•ืช ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ืื™ืกื•ืฃ ืชื•ืฆืื•ืช ื”ืฆืœื—ื” ื•ื›ื™ืฉืœื•ืŸ ื‘ืชื•ืš ืžื‘ื ื” ื™ื—ื™ื“. ืฉื™ื˜ืช .catch() ืกื˜ื ื“ืจื˜ื™ืช ืืช ื™ื™ืจื•ื˜ ื”ื—ืจื™ื’ื™ื, ื•ืžื‘ื˜ืœืช ืืช ื”ืฆื•ืจืš ื‘ื‘ื“ื™ืงื•ืช ื—ื•ื–ืจื•ืช ืฉืœ callback. ืžืขื‘ืจ ืžื“ืคื•ืกื™ ืฉื’ื™ืื•ืช callback ืœืฉืจืฉืจืื•ืช Promise ื›ืจื•ืš ื‘ืขื˜ื™ืคืช ืคื•ื ืงืฆื™ื•ืช ืืกื™ื ื›ืจื•ื ื™ื•ืช ื•ื‘ืขื™ื‘ื•ื“ ืžื—ื“ืฉ ืฉืœ ืœื•ื’ื™ืงืช ื‘ืงืจื” ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืคื™ืฅ ื“ื—ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืžืงื•ื ืœื”ืขื‘ื™ืจ ื™ื“ื ื™ืช ืืจื’ื•ืžื ื˜ื™ื ืฉืœ ืฉื’ื™ืื”.

ืื™ื—ื•ื“ ื–ื” ืžื‘ื˜ื™ื— ืฉื›ืœ ืžืฉื™ืžื” ืืกื™ื ื›ืจื•ื ื™ืช ืชื•ืจืžืช ืœื–ืจื™ืžื” ืขืงื‘ื™ืช ืฉืœ ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ื‘ื—ืจื™ื’ื™ื. ื”ื˜ืจื ืกืคื•ืจืžืฆื™ื” ืžื•ืขื™ืœื” ื‘ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ ื‘ื™ื™ืฉื•ืžื™ื ื’ื“ื•ืœื™ื ืฉื‘ื”ื ืฉื›ื‘ื•ืช ืžืจื•ื‘ื•ืช ืฉืœ ืงืจื™ืื” ื—ื•ื–ืจืช ื˜ื™ืคืœื• ื‘ืขื‘ืจ ื‘ืฉื’ื™ืื•ืช ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืขืฆืžืื™. ืขื™ื‘ื•ื“ ืžื—ื“ืฉ ืžื‘ื•ืกืก ื”ื‘ื˜ื—ื•ืช ืžืชื™ื™ืฉื‘ ืขื ื”ืžืชื•ื“ื•ืœื•ื’ื™ื•ืช ื”ืฉื™ื˜ืชื™ื•ืช ื”ืžื•ืฆื’ื•ืช ื‘ ื ื™ืชื•ื— ื”ืฉืคืขื” ืœื‘ื“ื™ืงื•ืช ืชื•ื›ื ื”, ืžื›ื™ื•ื•ืŸ ืฉื”ื•ื ืžืจื›ื– ืืช ื”ืื—ืจื™ื•ืช ืขืœ ื”ืชืคืฉื˜ื•ืช ื”ืชืงืœื•ืช ื•ืžืคืฉื˜ ืืช ืื™ืžื•ืช ื”ื‘ื“ื™ืงื•ืช ืขืœ ืคื ื™ ืžื•ื“ื•ืœื™ื.

ืฉื™ืžื•ืจ ื”ื”ืงืฉืจ ื”ืื‘ื—ื•ื ื™ ื•ืฉื™ืคื•ืจ ื™ื›ื•ืœืช ื”ืฆืคื™ื™ื”

ืขื™ื‘ื•ื“ ืžื—ื“ืฉ ืฉืœ ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ื‘ืฉื’ื™ืื•ืช ืืกื™ื ื›ืจื•ื ื™ื•ืช ืืžื•ืจ ืœืฉืžืจ ืืช ื”ื”ืงืฉืจ ื”ืื‘ื—ื•ื ื™ ืฉืœ ื”ืžืขืจื›ืช ื”ืžืงื•ืจื™ืช. ื›ืœ ื—ืจื™ื’ ื—ื™ื™ื‘ ืœืฉืžื•ืจ ืžื˜ื-ื ืชื•ื ื™ื ื›ื’ื•ืŸ ืคื•ื ืงืฆื™ื” ืžืงื•ืจื™ืช, ืคืจืžื˜ืจื™ื ื•ื—ื•ืชืžืช ื–ืžืŸ. ื”ื‘ื˜ื—ื•ืช ืžืงืœื•ืช ืขืœ ื›ืš ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ืฉืžื™ืจื” ืขืœ ืขืงื‘ื•ืช ืžื—ืกื ื™ืช ืขืœ ืคื ื™ ื’ื‘ื•ืœื•ืช ืืกื™ื ื›ืจื•ื ื™ื™ื ื›ืืฉืจ ื”ืŸ ืžื™ื•ืฉืžื•ืช ื›ื”ืœื›ื”. ืขื ื–ืืช, ืขื˜ื™ืคื” ืจืฉืœื ื™ืช ืื• ืฉื™ืžื•ืฉ ืœืจืขื” ื‘ืคื•ื ืงืฆื™ื•ืช ืืกื™ื ื›ืจื•ื ื™ื•ืช ืขืœื•ืœื™ื ืœืงืฆืฅ ืžื™ื“ืข ืื‘ื—ื•ื ื™ ื—ืฉื•ื‘.

ืžืกื’ืจื•ืช ืชืฆืคื™ืช ื—ื™ื™ื‘ื•ืช ื’ื ื”ืŸ ืœื”ืกืชื’ืœ. ืžืขืจื›ื•ืช ืจื™ืฉื•ื ื•ื ื™ื˜ื•ืจ ืžื•ื‘ื ื•ืช ืฆืจื™ื›ื•ืช ืœื”ืฉืชืœื‘ ื™ืฉื™ืจื•ืช ืขื ืฉื’ื™ืื•ืช ืžื‘ื•ืกืกื•ืช ื”ื‘ื˜ื—ื” ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ื‘ื˜ื™ื— ืฉื”ื”ืชืจืื•ืช ื™ื›ืœืœื• ืืช ื ืชื™ื‘ ื”ื‘ื™ืฆื•ืข ื”ืžืœื. ื”ืžื•ืฉื’ื™ื ืชื•ืืžื™ื ืืช ืืœื• ื”ืžืชื•ืืจื™ื ื‘ ืžืชืื ืื™ืจื•ืขื™ื ืœื ื™ืชื•ื— ื’ื•ืจื ืฉื•ืจืฉ, ืฉื‘ื” ืงืฉืจื™ ื›ืฉืœ ืžืคื•ืจื˜ื™ื ืžืืคืฉืจื™ื ืคืชืจื•ืŸ ืžื”ื™ืจ ื™ื•ืชืจ. ื›ืืฉืจ ื ืชื•ื ื™ ืื‘ื—ื•ืŸ ื–ื•ืจืžื™ื ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ื˜ื‘ืขื™ ื“ืจืš ืฉืจืฉืจืช ื”ื”ื‘ื˜ื—ื”, ืžื”ื ื“ืกื™ื ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœืขืงื•ื‘ ืื—ืจ ืื™ืจื•ืขื™ื ื‘ื“ื™ื•ืง, ืœื”ืคื—ื™ืช ืืช ื–ืžืŸ ื”ื”ืชืื•ืฉืฉื•ืช ื•ืœืคืฉื˜ ืืช ื”ืชื—ื–ื•ืงื” ืœื˜ื•ื•ื— ืืจื•ืš.

ืื•ื˜ื•ืžืฆื™ื” ืฉืœ ืื™ืžื•ืช ืขืงื‘ื™ื•ืช ืฉื’ื™ืื•ืช ืœืื—ืจ ืขื™ื‘ื•ื“ ืžื—ื“ืฉ

ืœืื—ืจ ื”ื”ื’ื™ืจื”, ื‘ื“ื™ืงื•ืช ืื•ื˜ื•ืžื˜ื™ื•ืช ืฆืจื™ื›ื•ืช ืœืืฉืจ ืฉื›ืœ ื”ืคืขื•ืœื•ืช ื”ืืกื™ื ื›ืจื•ื ื™ื•ืช ื“ื•ื—ื•ืช ื•ื ืคืชืจื•ืช ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืขืงื‘ื™. ืžืงืจื™ ื‘ื“ื™ืงื” ื—ื™ื™ื‘ื™ื ืœื“ืžื•ืช ื›ืฉืœื™ ืจืฉืช, ื ื–ืงื™ ื ืชื•ื ื™ื ื•ืชืจื—ื™ืฉื™ ืคืกืง ื–ืžืŸ ื›ื“ื™ ืœื•ื•ื“ื ืฉื”ืชืคืฉื˜ื•ืช ื”ืฉื’ื™ืื•ืช ื ื•ืชืจืช ืฉืœืžื”. ืื•ื˜ื•ืžืฆื™ื” ืฉืœ ื‘ื“ื™ืงื•ืช ืืœื• ื‘ืชื•ืš ืฆื™ื ื•ืจื•ืช CI/CD ืžื‘ื˜ื™ื—ื” ืฉืคื•ื ืงืฆื™ื•ืช ืืกื™ื ื›ืจื•ื ื™ื•ืช ืฉื”ื•ืฆื’ื• ืœืื—ืจื•ื ื” ืœื ื™ื™ืฆืจื• ืžืฆื‘ื™ ื“ื—ื™ื™ื” ืฉืงื˜ื™ื ืื• ื—ืจื™ื’ื™ื ืžื•ืกื•ื•ื™ื.

ืชื”ืœื™ืš ื–ื” ืžืฉืงืฃ ืืช ืขืงืจื•ื ื•ืช ื” ืื™ื ื˜ื’ืจืฆื™ื” ืžืชืžืฉื›ืช ื•ืžื•ื“ืจื ื™ื–ืฆื™ื” ืฉืœ ื”ืžืขืจื›ืช, ืฉื‘ื• ืื•ื˜ื•ืžืฆื™ื” ืžื‘ื˜ื™ื—ื” ืืžื™ื ื•ืช ืœืื—ืจ ื›ืœ ืฉื™ื ื•ื™ ืงื•ื“. ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ื”ื˜ืžืขืช ืื™ืžื•ืช ื‘ืฆื™ื ื•ืจื•ืช ื”ืคืจื™ืกื”, ืฆื•ื•ืชื™ื ืžืชื—ื–ืงื™ื ืชื”ืœื™ืš ืžื•ื“ืจื ื™ื–ืฆื™ื” ืžืชืงืŸ ืืช ืขืฆืžื•. ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ื‘ืฉื’ื™ืื•ืช ืžืชืคืชื— ืžืืžืฆืขื™ ื”ื’ื ื” ืจื™ืืงื˜ื™ื‘ื™ ืœืชืงืŸ ืืจื›ื™ื˜ืงื˜ื•ื ื™ ืžืื•ืžืช, ื”ืžื‘ื˜ื™ื— ื”ืชื ื”ื’ื•ืช ืฆืคื•ื™ื” ื‘ื›ืœ ื ืชื™ื‘ื™ ื”ื‘ื™ืฆื•ืข ื”ืืกื™ื ื›ืจื•ื ื™ื™ื.

ืฉื™ืœื•ื‘ Async/Await ื‘ื”ื“ืจื’ื” ื‘ืกื‘ื™ื‘ื•ืช Mixed Promise

ื”ืžืขื‘ืจ ืžืœื•ื’ื™ืงื” ืžื‘ื•ืกืกืช callback ืœ-Promises ื”ื•ื ืฆืขื“ ืžื•ื“ืจื ื™ื–ืฆื™ื” ืžืฉืžืขื•ืชื™, ืืš ื”ื›ื ืกืช async ื•-await ื‘ื ื•ืกืฃ ืœ-Promises ืžืกืคืงืช ืงืคื™ืฆืช ืžื“ืจื’ื” ื ื•ืกืคืช ื‘ืงืจื™ืื•ืช ื•ืชื—ื–ื•ืงื”. ืขื ื–ืืช, ื‘ืžืขืจื›ื•ืช ืืจื’ื•ื ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืงื ื” ืžื™ื“ื” ื’ื“ื•ืœ, ืื™ืžื•ืฅ ืžืœื ืื™ื ื• ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื”ืชืจื—ืฉ ื‘ืŸ ืœื™ืœื”. ื™ื™ืฉื•ืžื™ ื™ื™ืฆื•ืจ ืจื‘ื™ื ืคื•ืขืœื™ื ื‘ืกื‘ื™ื‘ื•ืช ืžืขื•ืจื‘ื•ืช ื‘ื”ืŸ ืžื•ื“ื•ืœื™ื ืžื‘ื•ืกืกื™ callback, ืฉืจืฉืจืื•ืช Promise ื•ืคื•ื ืงืฆื™ื•ืช async ื—ื“ืฉื•ืช ืžืชืงื™ื™ืžื™ื ื™ื—ื“. ืฉื™ืœื•ื‘ async/await ื‘ื”ื“ืจื’ื” ืžืืคืฉืจ ืžื•ื“ืจื ื™ื–ืฆื™ื” ืžื‘ืœื™ ืœืขืจืขืจ ืืช ื”ื™ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืช ืฉืœ ืชื”ืœื™ื›ื™ื ืงืจื™ื˜ื™ื™ื ืื• ืœื”ืคืจื™ืข ืœื”ืžืฉื›ื™ื•ืช ื”ืฉื™ืจื•ืช. ื”ืชื”ืœื™ืš ื“ื•ืจืฉ ื”ืŸ ืžื•ื“ืขื•ืช ืžื‘ื ื™ืช ื•ื”ืŸ ืชื–ืžื•ืจ ืžืžื•ืฉืžืข ื›ื“ื™ ืœืฉืžื•ืจ ืขืœ ืกื“ืจ ื‘ื™ืฆื•ืข, ืขืงื‘ื™ื•ืช ืฉื’ื™ืื•ืช ื•ื ื™ื”ื•ืœ ืžืฆื‘ื™ื ืฆืคื•ื™.

ืื™ื ื˜ื’ืจืฆื™ื” ื”ื“ืจื’ืชื™ืช ืขื•ืงื‘ืช ืื—ืจ ืขืงืจื•ืŸ ื”ื“ื•-ืงื™ื•ื: ื”ืคืจื“ื™ื’ืžื” ื”ื—ื“ืฉื” ืžื›ืกื” ืืช ื”ื™ืฉื ื” ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ื”ื“ืจื’ืชื™, ืžื•ื“ื•ืœ ืื• ืชื›ื•ื ื” ืื—ื“ ื‘ื›ืœ ืคืขื. ื”ืชื—ื‘ื™ืจ ืฉืœ Async/await ืžืกืชื™ืจ ืืช ืฉืจืฉืจืช ื”-Promise ืžืื—ื•ืจื™ ื–ืจื™ืžื” ื“ืžื•ื™ืช ืกื™ื ื›ืจื•ื ื™ืช, ืืš ื”ื™ื ืขื“ื™ื™ืŸ ืชืœื•ื™ื” ื‘ืชืฉืชื™ืช Promise ืžืชืคืงื“ืช ื‘ืžืœื•ืื” ืžืชื—ืช. ื”ื‘ื ืช ืงืฉืจ ื–ื” ื”ื™ื ืงืจื™ื˜ื™ืช. ืฆื•ื•ืชื™ื ื—ื™ื™ื‘ื™ื ืœื•ื•ื“ื ืฉื–ืžืŸ ื”ืจื™ืฆื” ื•ื”ืชืœื•ื™ื•ืช ืฉืœื”ื ืชื•ืžื›ื™ื ื‘ืฉื ื™ ื”ืžื‘ื ื™ื ืœืคื ื™ ื”ื”ืขื‘ืจื”. ื’ื™ืฉื” ืžื“ื•ืจื’ืช ื–ื• ืžืฉืงืคืช ืืช ื”ืื‘ื•ืœื•ืฆื™ื” ื”ืืจื›ื™ื˜ืงื˜ื•ื ื™ืช ื”ื”ื“ืจื’ืชื™ืช ื”ืžืชื•ืืจืช ื‘- ื”ืขื‘ืจืช ืžื‘ื ื™ ื ืชื•ื ื™ื ืฉืœ IMS ืื• VSAM ืœืฆื“ ืชื•ื›ื ื™ื•ืช COBOL, ืฉื‘ื• ื”ืžื•ื“ืจื ื™ื–ืฆื™ื” ืžืชืจื—ืฉืช ื‘ืฉื›ื‘ื•ืช ื•ืœื ื‘ื”ื—ืœืคื” ืคืชืื•ืžื™ืช.

ืชื›ื ื•ืŸ ืฉื›ื‘ื•ืช ื“ื•-ืงื™ื•ื ื‘ื™ืŸ Promises ื•-async/await

ืฉื›ื‘ื•ืช ื“ื•-ืงื™ื•ื ื™ื•ืฆืจื•ืช ืืช ื’ืฉืจ ื”ืžืขื‘ืจ ื”ืžืืคืฉืจ ืœ-Promises ื•ืœืคื•ื ืงืฆื™ื•ืช ืืกื™ื ื›ืจื•ื ื™ื•ืช ืœืคืขื•ืœ ื™ื—ื“. ื‘ืžื”ืœืš ื”ื”ื’ื™ืจื”, ืœื ื›ืœ ืคื•ื ืงืฆื™ื” ื ื™ืชื ืช ืœื›ืชื™ื‘ื” ืžื—ื“ืฉ ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืžื™ื™ื“ื™, ื•ืœื›ืŸ ื™ื›ื•ืœืช ืคืขื•ืœื” ื”ื“ื“ื™ืช ื”ื•ืคื›ืช ื—ื™ื•ื ื™ืช. ืคื•ื ืงืฆื™ื” ืžื—ื–ื™ืจืช Promise ื™ื›ื•ืœื” ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืœืขื˜ื•ืฃ ื‘ืคื•ื ืงืฆื™ื” ืืกื™ื ื›ืจื•ื ื™ืช, ื•ืœื”ื™ืคืš, ืžื” ืฉืžื‘ื˜ื™ื— ืื™ื ื˜ืจืืงืฆื™ื” ื—ืœืงื” ื‘ื™ืŸ ืจื›ื™ื‘ื™ื ืžื•ื“ืจื ื™ื™ื ืœืจื›ื™ื‘ื™ื ืžื“ื•ืจ ืงื•ื“ื. ืฉื›ื‘ื•ืช ืืœื• ืžืกืคืงื•ืช ื’ื ืžืงื•ื ืžืจื›ื–ื™ ืœืจื™ืฉื•ื, ืื™ืกื•ืฃ ืžื“ื“ื™ื ื•ื ื•ืจืžืœื™ื–ืฆื™ื” ืฉืœ ื—ืจื™ื’ื™ื.

ืœื“ื•ื’ืžื”, ื‘ืขืช ื”ืขื‘ืจืช ืžื•ื“ื•ืœ ืื™ื ื˜ืจืืงืฆื™ื” ืฉืœ ืžืกื“ ื ืชื•ื ื™ื, ืจืง ืžื˜ืคืœ ื”ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ื ื‘ืจืžื” ื”ืขืœื™ื•ื ื” ืขืฉื•ื™ ืœื”ืฉืชืžืฉ ื‘ืชื—ื™ืœื” ื‘-async/await, ื‘ืขื•ื“ ืฉื”ืคื•ื ืงืฆื™ื•ืช ื”ืคื ื™ืžื™ื•ืช ืฉืœื• ืขื“ื™ื™ืŸ ืžื—ื–ื™ืจื•ืช Promises. ืขื ื”ื–ืžืŸ, ื”ื“ืคื•ืก ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื“ืœื’ ื›ืœืคื™ ืžื˜ื” ื›ื›ืœ ืฉืชืœื•ื™ื•ืช ืžืชืขื“ื›ื ื•ืช. ืื™ืžื•ืฅ ื”ื™ืจืจื›ื™ ื–ื” ืžื•ื ืข ืชื ืื™ ืžืจื•ืฅ ื‘ืœืชื™ ืฆืคื•ื™ื™ื ืื• ืื•ื‘ื“ืŸ ื”ืงืฉืจ ืฉืขืœื•ืœื™ื ืœื”ืชืจื—ืฉ ื›ืืฉืจ ื’ื‘ื•ืœื•ืช ืืกื™ื ื›ืจื•ื ื™ื™ื ืžืฉืชื ื™ื ื‘ืคืชืื•ืžื™ื•ืช.

ืชื›ื ื•ืŸ ืฉื›ื‘ื•ืช ื“ื•-ืงื™ื•ื ื“ื•ืžื” ืœื’ื™ืฉืช ื”ื”ืคืฉื˜ื” ื”ื‘ื™ื ื™ื™ื ื”ื ื“ื•ื ื” ื‘ ื“ืคื•ืกื™ ืื™ื ื˜ื’ืจืฆื™ื” ืืจื’ื•ื ื™ื™ืืฉืชื™ ื”ืืกื˜ืจื˜ื’ื™ื•ืช ืžืกืชืžื›ื•ืช ืขืœ ืฉืžื™ืจื” ืขืœ ืชืงืฉื•ืจืช ืขืงื‘ื™ืช ื‘ื™ืŸ ืžื‘ื ื™ื ื™ืฉื ื™ื ื•ื—ื“ืฉื™ื ืชื•ืš ืฉื™ืคื•ืจ ื”ื“ืจื’ืชื™ ืฉืœ ื”ืืžื™ื ื•ืช. ื‘ืจื’ืข ืฉืฉื›ื‘ืช ื”ื“ื•-ืงื™ื•ื ืžืชื™ื™ืฆื‘ืช ื•ื›ื™ืกื•ื™ ื”ื‘ื“ื™ืงื•ืช ืžืชืจื—ื‘, ื”ื™ื ื”ื•ืคื›ืช ืœื‘ืกื™ืก ืœืื™ืžื•ืฅ ืจื—ื‘ ื™ื•ืชืจ ื‘ืจื—ื‘ื™ ื”ืžืขืจื›ืช.

ื ื™ื”ื•ืœ ืกื“ืจ ื‘ื™ืฆื•ืข ื•ืชืคืขื•ืœ ืžืงื‘ื™ืœื™ื•ืช ืชื—ืช async/wait

ื‘ืขื•ื“ ืฉ-async/await ืžืคืฉื˜ ืืช ื”ืชื—ื‘ื™ืจ, ื”ื•ื ื’ื ืžืฉื ื” ืืช ืกื“ืจ ื”ื‘ื™ืฆื•ืข ื”ื ืชืคืก ืฉืœ ืคืขื•ืœื•ืช ืืกื™ื ื›ืจื•ื ื™ื•ืช. ืžืคืชื—ื™ื ื”ืžื•ืจื’ืœื™ื ื‘ืฉืจืฉืจืื•ืช callback ืžืคื•ืจืฉื•ืช ืขืœื•ืœื™ื ืœื”ืชืขืœื ืžื›ืš ืฉืคื•ื ืงืฆื™ื•ืช ืืกื™ื ื›ืจื•ื ื™ื•ืช ืžื—ื–ื™ืจื•ืช Promises ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืžืจื•ืžื–, ืžื” ืฉืžื‘ื™ื ืœืฉื™ื ื•ื™ื™ื ืขื“ื™ื ื™ื ื‘ืžืงื‘ื™ืœื™ื•ืช. ืื ืœื ืžื ื•ื”ืœื™ื ื›ืจืื•ื™, ืฉื™ื ื•ื™ื™ื ืืœื” ืขืœื•ืœื™ื ืœื’ืจื•ื ืœืžื‘ื•ื™ ืกืชื•ื, ืคืขื•ืœื•ืช ืœื ืฆืคื•ื™ื•ืช ืื• ืฆื•ื•ืืจื™ ื‘ืงื‘ื•ืง ืขื•ืงื‘ื™ื. ื ื™ื”ื•ืœ ื‘ืžืงื‘ื™ืœื™ื•ืช ื‘ืžื”ืœืš ื”ื”ืขื‘ืจื” ืžื‘ื˜ื™ื— ืฉื”ื‘ื™ืฆื•ืขื™ื ื™ื™ืฉืืจื• ืขืงื‘ื™ื™ื ื•ืฆืคื•ื™ื™ื.

ื”ืžืคืชื— ืœืฉืœื™ื˜ื” ื”ื•ื ืžืคื•ืจืฉื•ืช. ืฆื•ื•ืชื™ื ื—ื™ื™ื‘ื™ื ืœื–ื”ื•ืช ืื™ืœื• ืคืขื•ืœื•ืช ื“ื•ืจืฉื•ืช ื‘ื™ืฆื•ืข ืžืงื‘ื™ืœ ื•ืื™ืœื• ื—ื™ื™ื‘ื•ืช ืœื”ื™ืฉืืจ ืขื•ืงื‘ื•ืช. ืคื•ื ืงืฆื™ื•ืช ืฉื™ื›ื•ืœื•ืช ืœื‘ืฆืข ื‘ื• ื–ืžื ื™ืช ืฆืจื™ื›ื•ืช ืœื”ืฉืชืžืฉ ื‘ืžื‘ื ื™ื ื›ื’ื•ืŸ Promise.all(), ื‘ืขื•ื“ ืฉื™ืฉ ืœื”ืžืชื™ืŸ ืœืžืฉื™ืžื•ืช ืชืœื•ื™ื•ืช ื‘ื ืคืจื“. ืžื•ื“ืœื™ื ืฉืœ ืžืงื‘ื™ืœื™ื•ืช ืžื•ื‘ื ื™ื, ื‘ื“ื•ืžื” ืœืืœื” ื”ืžืชื•ืืจื™ื ื‘ ื”ื™ืžื ืขื•ืช ืžืฆื•ื•ืืจื™ ื‘ืงื‘ื•ืง ืฉืœ ื”ืžืขื‘ื“ ื‘-COBOL, ืœื”ื“ื’ื™ื ื›ื™ืฆื“ ืกื™ื“ื•ืจ ื‘ื™ืฆื•ืข ื ื›ื•ืŸ ืžื’ื‘ื™ืจ ืืช ื”ืชืคื•ืงื” ืžื‘ืœื™ ืœื”ืชืคืฉืจ ืขืœ ืืžื™ื ื•ืช.

ื›ืœื™ ืคืจื•ืคื™ืœ ื‘ื™ืฆื•ืขื™ื ืฆืจื™ื›ื™ื ืœืœื•ื•ืช ืฉืœื‘ ื–ื”, ืชื•ืš ื ื™ื˜ื•ืจ ื ื™ืฆื•ืœ ื”-thread ื•ื–ืžื ื™ ื”ืชื’ื•ื‘ื” ืœืคื ื™ ื•ืื—ืจื™ ื”ืื™ื ื˜ื’ืจืฆื™ื”. ื ื™ื”ื•ืœ ืžืงื‘ื™ืœื™ื•ืช ื”ื•ืคืš ืืช async/wait ืžืฉื™ืคื•ืจ ืงืจื™ืื•ืช ืœื›ืœื™ ืžื•ื“ืจื ื™ื–ืฆื™ื” ืžื›ื•ื•ืŸ ื‘ื™ืฆื•ืขื™ื. ื›ืืฉืจ ืกื“ืจ ื”ื‘ื™ืฆื•ืข ืžื•ื’ื“ืจ ื•ื ื‘ื“ืง ื‘ืžืคื•ืจืฉ, ื”ืกื™ื›ื•ืŸ ืœื”ื›ื ืกืช ื”ืฉื”ื™ื™ื” ืื• ืงื™ืคืื•ืŸ ื‘ืžื”ืœืš ื”ืžืขื‘ืจ ืžืžื•ื–ืขืจ.

ืฉื™ืžื•ืจ ืกืžื ื˜ื™ืงื” ืฉืœ ืฉื’ื™ืื•ืช ื‘ื–ืจื™ืžื•ืช ืืกื™ื ื›ืจื•ื ื™ื•ืช ืžืขื•ืจื‘ื•ืช

ืฉื™ืœื•ื‘ async/await ืžืฆื™ื’ ืฉื™ื ื•ื™ ื‘ืกืžื ื˜ื™ืงื” ืฉืœ ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ื‘ืฉื’ื™ืื•ืช. ื‘ืขื•ื“ ืฉ-Promises ืžืกืชืžื›ื™ื ืขืœ ืฉื™ื˜ื•ืช .catch() ืœืœื›ื™ื“ืช ื“ื—ื™ื™ื”, ืคื•ื ืงืฆื™ื•ืช async ืžืฉืชืžืฉื•ืช ื‘ื‘ืœื•ืงื™ื ืฉืœ tryโ€ฆcatch. ืขืจื‘ื•ื‘ ืฉืœ ืฉื ื™ื”ื ื‘ืกื‘ื™ื‘ื” ืื—ืช ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื™ืฆื•ืจ ื—ื•ืกืจ ืขืงื‘ื™ื•ืช ืื ื›ืœืœื™ ื”ืชืคืฉื˜ื•ืช ืฉื’ื™ืื•ืช ืื™ื ื ืกื˜ื ื“ืจื˜ื™ื™ื. ืฉืžื™ืจื” ืขืœ ืกืžื ื˜ื™ืงื” ืื—ื™ื“ื” ืฉืœ ืฉื’ื™ืื•ืช ืžื‘ื˜ื™ื—ื” ืฉื”ื—ืจื™ื’ื™ื ื™ื–ืจืžื• ื‘ืฆื•ืจื” ืฆืคื•ื™ื” ื“ืจืš ื›ืœ ื”ืฉื›ื‘ื•ืช ื”ืืกื™ื ื›ืจื•ื ื™ื•ืช.

ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืฉื™ื’ ืขืงื‘ื™ื•ืช, ืืจื’ื•ื ื™ื ืฆืจื™ื›ื™ื ืœืืžืฅ ื›ืœื™ ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ืžืจื›ื–ื™ื™ื ืœื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ื‘ืฉื’ื™ืื•ืช ื”ืžื–ื”ื™ื ื”ืŸ ื“ื—ื™ื•ืช Promise ื•ื”ืŸ ื—ืจื™ื’ื™ื ืืกื™ื ื›ืจื•ื ื™ื™ื. ื–ื” ืžื•ื ืข ื‘ืขื™ื•ืช ื›ื’ื•ืŸ ื“ื—ื™ื•ืช ืœื ืžื˜ื•ืคืœื•ืช ืื• ืงืจื™ืกืช ืžื—ืกื ื™ืช ืฉืงื˜ื”. ื›ืœื™ ืฆืคื™ื™ื” ื—ื™ื™ื‘ื™ื ื’ื ื”ื ืœื”ืชืื™ื ืืช ืขืฆืžื ืœื”ื‘ื“ืœื™ื ืืœื”. ื”ืคืจืงื˜ื™ืงื•ืช ืชื•ืืžื•ืช ืืช ืขืงืจื•ื ื•ืช ื”ื ื™ื˜ื•ืจ ื”ืžื•ื‘ื ื™ื ื”ืžืคื•ืจื˜ื™ื ื‘ ืžืชืื ืื™ืจื•ืขื™ื ืœื ื™ืชื•ื— ื’ื•ืจื ืฉื•ืจืฉ, ื›ืืฉืจ ืžืขืงื‘ ืขืงื‘ื™ ืื—ืจ ื›ืฉืœื™ื ืžื‘ื˜ื™ื— ืฉืงื™ืคื•ืช ืชืคืขื•ืœื™ืช.

ื‘ื“ื™ืงืช ืกื‘ื™ื‘ื•ืช ืืกื™ื ื›ืจื•ื ื™ื•ืช ืžืขื•ืจื‘ื•ืช ืชื—ืช ืชื ืื™ ื›ืฉืœ ืžื“ื•ืžื™ื ืžืืžืชืช ืฉื’ื ืžื•ื“ื•ืœื™ื ืžื‘ื•ืกืกื™ Promise ื•ื’ื ืžื•ื“ื•ืœื™ื ืžื‘ื•ืกืกื™ ืืกื™ื ื›ืจื•ืŸ ืžื’ื™ื‘ื™ื ื›ืฆืคื•ื™. ื›ื›ืœ ืฉื”ื”ืชืคืฉื˜ื•ืช ืฉืœ ืฉื’ื™ืื•ืช ืžืชื™ื™ืฆื‘ืช, ืฆื•ื•ืชื™ื ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœื”ืžืฉื™ืš ืขื ื”ื’ื™ืจื” ืจื—ื‘ื” ื™ื•ืชืจ. ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ืื—ื™ื“ ืžืžื–ืขืจ ื‘ืœื‘ื•ืœ ื•ืžืคืฉื˜ ื ื™ืคื•ื™ ืฉื’ื™ืื•ืช ื‘ืžื”ืœืš ืคืขื•ืœื•ืช ื”ื™ื‘ืจื™ื“ื™ื•ืช, ื•ืžื‘ื˜ื™ื— ืืช ืฉืœืžื•ืช ื”ืžืขืจื›ืช ื‘ื–ืžืŸ ืฉื”ืชื—ื‘ื™ืจ ืžืชืคืชื—.

ืื™ืžื•ืช ื‘ื™ืฆื•ืขื™ื ื•ืชื—ื–ื•ืงื” ืืกื™ื ื›ืจื•ื ื™ื™ื ื”ื™ื‘ืจื™ื“ื™ื™ื

ืœืื—ืจ ื”ื›ื ืกืช async/await ืœื—ืœืงื™ื ื—ืœืงื™ื™ื ืฉืœ ื‘ืกื™ืก ื”ืงื•ื“, ืื™ืžื•ืช ืžืชืžืฉืš ืžื‘ื˜ื™ื— ืฉื”ืžื•ื“ืจื ื™ื–ืฆื™ื” ืขื•ืžื“ืช ื‘ื™ืขื“ื™ื ื”ื˜ื›ื ื™ื™ื ื•ื”ืขืกืงื™ื™ื ื›ืื—ื“. ื”ืื™ืžื•ืช ื›ื•ืœืœ ื‘ื™ืฆื•ืขื™ื ืžืžื•ื—ืฉื‘ื™ื, ื ื™ืงื•ื“ ืชื—ื–ื•ืงื” ื•ื‘ื“ื™ืงื•ืช ืจื’ืจืกื™ื” ืฉืœ ื“ืคื•ืกื™ ืชื’ื•ื‘ื” ืืกื™ื ื›ืจื•ื ื™ื™ื. ืžื“ื“ื™ื ืžืจื›ื–ื™ื™ื ื›ื•ืœืœื™ื ืชืคื•ืงืช ื‘ืงืฉื•ืช, ื”ืฉื”ื™ื™ืช ื˜ืจื ื–ืงืฆื™ื•ืช ื•ื ื™ืฆื•ืœ ืžืขื‘ื“ ื‘ืžื•ื“ื•ืœื™ื ืžืขื•ืจื‘ื™ื.

ืขืจื›ื™ ื‘ืกื™ืก ืื•ื˜ื•ืžื˜ื™ื™ื ืฉืœ ื‘ื™ืฆื•ืขื™ื, ื‘ื“ื•ืžื” ืœืืœื” ื”ืžืชื•ืืจื™ื ื‘ ืžื“ื“ื™ ื‘ื™ืฆื•ืขื™ ืชื•ื›ื ื” ืฉืขืœื™ื›ื ืœืขืงื•ื‘ ืื—ืจื™ื”ื, ืžืกืคืงื™ื ื”ืฉื•ื•ืื” ืื•ื‘ื™ื™ืงื˜ื™ื‘ื™ืช ืœืคื ื™ ื•ืื—ืจื™ ื”ื”ื’ื™ืจื”. ืœืื•ืจืš ื–ืžืŸ, ืžื“ื“ื™ ืชื—ื–ื•ืงื” ื›ื’ื•ืŸ ืงืจื™ืื•ืช ืงื•ื“, ื›ื™ืกื•ื™ ื‘ื“ื™ืงื•ืช ื•ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ ืฉื—ื–ื•ืจ ืฉื’ื™ืื•ืช ืืžื•ืจื™ื ืœื”ื“ื’ื™ื ืฉื™ืคื•ืจ ื›ืžื•ืชื™.

ืื™ืžื•ืช ื”ื™ื‘ืจื™ื“ื™ ืœื ืจืง ืžืืฉืจ ืืช ื”ืฆืœื—ืช ื”ืื™ื ื˜ื’ืจืฆื™ื” ื”ืืกื™ื ื›ืจื•ื ื™ืช, ืืœื ื’ื ื‘ื•ื ื” ืืช ืืžื•ืŸ ื‘ืขืœื™ ื”ืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ื‘ืžื•ื“ืจื ื™ื–ืฆื™ื” ื ื•ืกืคืช. ื”ื”ืฉืคืขื” ื”ื ื™ืชื ืช ืœืžื“ื™ื“ื” ืฉืœ ืื™ืžื•ืฅ ืืกื™ื ื›ืจื•ื ื™/ื”ืžืชื ื” - ื–ืžื ื™ ื”ืชืื•ืฉืฉื•ืช ืงืฆืจื™ื ื™ื•ืชืจ, ืงื•ื“ ื ืงื™ ื™ื•ืชืจ ื•ืžืงื‘ื™ืœื™ื•ืช ืฆืคื•ื™ื” - ืžื•ื›ื™ื—ื” ืฉื”ืžื•ื“ืจื ื™ื–ืฆื™ื” ืžื•ืกื™ืคื” ืขืจืš ืžื•ื—ืฉื™ ืžืขื‘ืจ ืœืชื—ื‘ื™ืจ. ืœืื—ืจ ื”ืื™ืžื•ืช, ื”ืฉืœื‘ ื”ื”ื™ื‘ืจื™ื“ื™ ืขื•ื‘ืจ ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ื˜ื‘ืขื™ ืœืื™ืžื•ืฅ ืžืœื, ื•ื™ื•ืฆืจ ืืช ืขืžื•ื“ ื”ืฉื“ืจื” ืฉืœ ื™ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืช ืืกื™ื ื›ืจื•ื ื™ืช ื‘ืžืขืจื›ื•ืช JavaScript ืžื•ื“ืจื ื™ื•ืช.

ื”ื‘ื˜ื—ืช ืขืงื‘ื™ื•ืช ื ืชื•ื ื™ื ื•ื‘ื˜ื™ื—ื•ืช ื˜ืจื ื–ืงืฆื™ื•ืช ื‘ืžื”ืœืš ืจื™ืคืงื˜ื•ืจื™ื ื’

ืžื•ื“ืจื ื™ื–ืฆื™ื” ืืกื™ื ื›ืจื•ื ื™ืช ื ืชืคืกืช ืœืขืชื™ื ืงืจื•ื‘ื•ืช ื“ืจืš ืขื“ืฉื” ืžื‘ื ื™ืช, ืืš ืฉืœืžื•ืช ื”ื ืชื•ื ื™ื ื”ื‘ืกื™ืกื™ืช ื•ื™ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืช ื”ืขืกืงืื•ืช ื”ืŸ ืืœื• ืฉืงื•ื‘ืขื•ืช ื”ืื ื”ื”ื’ื™ืจื” ืชื•ื›ืœ ืœื”ืฆืœื™ื— ื‘ื™ื™ืฆื•ืจ. ื”ืžืจืช ืžืขืจื›ื•ืช ืžื‘ื•ืกืกื•ืช callback ืœ-Promises ื•ืœ-async/await ืžืฉื ื” ืืช ื”ืชื–ืžื•ืŸ ื•ื”ืกื“ืจ ืฉืœ ืคืขื•ืœื•ืช ื”ื ืชื•ื ื™ื, ืžื” ืฉืขืœื•ืœ ืœื”ื•ื‘ื™ืœ ืœื—ื•ืกืจ ืขืงื‘ื™ื•ืช ืื ืœื ืžื ื•ื”ืœ ื‘ืงืคื™ื“ื”. ืขืกืงืื•ืช ืฉื”ืกืชืžื›ื• ื‘ืขื‘ืจ ืขืœ ื ืงื•ื“ื•ืช ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช ืกื™ื ื›ืจื•ื ื™ื•ืช ืื• callbacks ืžืฉื•ืจืฉืจื•ืช ืขืฉื•ื™ื•ืช ืœื”ืชื‘ืฆืข ื‘ืฆื•ืจื” ืœื ื ื›ื•ื ื” ื›ืืฉืจ ื”ืŸ ืขื•ื‘ืจื•ืช ืžื—ื“ืฉ ื‘ืฆื•ืจื” ืฉื’ื•ื™ื”. ืฉืžื™ืจื” ืขืœ ืขืงื‘ื™ื•ืช ื”ื ืชื•ื ื™ื ืžื‘ื˜ื™ื—ื” ืฉื”ืžื•ื“ืจื ื™ื–ืฆื™ื” ืžืฉืคืจืช ืืช ื”ื‘ื™ืฆื•ืขื™ื ืžื‘ืœื™ ืœืคื’ื•ืข ื‘ื ื›ื•ื ื•ืช ืื• ื‘ื™ื›ื•ืœืช ื”ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช.

ื”ืืชื’ืจ ืฉืœ ืฉืžื™ืจื” ืขืœ ืฉืœืžื•ืช ื˜ืจื ื–ืงืฆื™ื•ืช ื”ื•ื ืงืจื™ื˜ื™ ื‘ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ ืขื‘ื•ืจ ืžืขืจื›ื•ืช ื”ืžืฉืœื‘ื•ืช ืžืกืคืจ ืžืกื“ื™ ื ืชื•ื ื™ื, ืžืžืฉืงื™ API ืื• ืคืขื•ืœื•ืช ืงืœื˜/ืคืœื˜ ืฉืœ ืงื‘ืฆื™ื. ื›ื›ืœ ืฉื”ืœื•ื’ื™ืงื” ื”ืืกื™ื ื›ืจื•ื ื™ืช ืžืชืคืชื—ืช, ืื•ื‘ื™ื™ืงื˜ื™ ื ืชื•ื ื™ื ืžืฉื•ืชืคื™ื, ืžืฆื‘ื™ื ื–ืžื ื™ื™ื ื•ืžื ื’ื ื•ื ื™ ืื—ืกื•ืŸ ื‘ืžื˜ืžื•ืŸ ื—ื™ื™ื‘ื™ื ื›ื•ืœื ืœื”ืชืื™ื ืœื›ืœืœื™ ื‘ื•-ื–ืžื ื™ื•ืช ื—ื“ืฉื™ื. ื‘ื˜ื™ื—ื•ืช ื˜ืจื ื–ืงืฆื™ื•ืช ื‘ืžื”ืœืš ืฉื™ืคื•ืฅ ื“ื•ืจืฉืช ื’ื ืžืฉืžืขืช ืื“ืจื™ื›ืœื™ืช ื•ื’ื ืื™ืžื•ืช ืžืชืžืฉืš. ื˜ื›ื ื™ืงื•ืช ืž... ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ื‘ืื™-ื”ืชืืžื•ืช ื‘ืงื™ื“ื•ื“ ื ืชื•ื ื™ื ื‘ืžื”ืœืš ื”ื’ื™ืจื” ื‘ื™ืŸ ืคืœื˜ืคื•ืจืžื•ืช ื• ืžื•ื“ืจื ื™ื–ืฆื™ื” ืฉืœ ื ืชื•ื ื™ื ืœื”ื“ื’ื™ืฉ ื›ื™ ืืžื™ื ื•ืช ื‘ื–ืจื™ืžืช ื”ื ืชื•ื ื™ื ื”ื™ื ื‘ืœืชื™ ื ืคืจื“ืช ืžื”ืฆืœื—ืช ื”ืžื•ื“ืจื ื™ื–ืฆื™ื”.

ื–ื™ื”ื•ื™ ื’ื‘ื•ืœื•ืช ืขืกืงืื•ืช ื‘ืœื•ื’ื™ืงื” ืืกื™ื ื›ืจื•ื ื™ืช

ื’ื‘ื•ืœื•ืช ื˜ืจื ื–ืงืฆื™ื•ืช ืžื’ื“ื™ืจื™ื ื”ื™ื›ืŸ ืžืชื—ื™ืœื” ื•ืžืกืชื™ื™ืžืช ื™ื—ื™ื“ืช ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ืœื•ื’ื™ืช. ื‘ืืจื›ื™ื˜ืงื˜ื•ืจื•ืช ื”ืžื•ื ืขื•ืช ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ callback, ื’ื‘ื•ืœื•ืช ืืœื” ืžืคื•ื–ืจื™ื ืœืขืชื™ื ืงืจื•ื‘ื•ืช ืขืœ ืคื ื™ ืคื•ื ืงืฆื™ื•ืช ืžืงื•ื ื ื•ืช, ืžื” ืฉื”ื•ืคืš ืืช ื”ืคืขื•ืœื•ืช ืœื ื‘ืจื•ืจื•ืช, ืžื” ืฉื”ื•ืคืš ืืช ื”ืคืขื•ืœื” ืœืื•ืชื” ื˜ืจื ื–ืงืฆื™ื” ืœืื•ืชื” ื˜ืจื ื–ืงืฆื™ื”. ื”ืฉืœื‘ ื”ืจืืฉื•ืŸ ื‘ืขื™ื‘ื•ื“ ืžื—ื“ืฉ ื”ื•ื ืžื™ืคื•ื™ ื’ื‘ื•ืœื•ืช ืืœื” ื‘ืžืคื•ืจืฉ. ื–ื” ื›ืจื•ืš ื‘ืžืขืงื‘ ืื—ืจ ืื•ืคืŸ ื–ืจื™ืžืช ื”ื ืชื•ื ื™ื ื“ืจืš ืจืฆืคื™ื ืืกื™ื ื›ืจื•ื ื™ื™ื ื•ืชื™ืขื•ื“ ืื™ืœื• ืคื•ื ืงืฆื™ื•ืช ืงื•ืจืื•ืช, ืžืฉื ื•ืช ืื• ืžื‘ืฆืขื•ืช commit ืฉืœ ืžืฉืื‘ื™ื ืžืฉื•ืชืคื™ื.

ื•ื™ื–ื•ืืœื™ื–ืฆื™ื” ืฉืœ ืชืœื•ืช ื•ื ื™ืชื•ื— ื”ืฉืคืขื” ืขื•ื–ืจื™ื ืœื—ืฉื•ืฃ ืงืฉืจื™ื ืžืจื•ืžื–ื™ื ื‘ื™ืŸ ืขืกืงืื•ืช ืœืจื›ื™ื‘ื™ื ื—ื™ืฆื•ื ื™ื™ื. ื”ืชื”ืœื™ืš ื“ื•ืžื” ืœืฉื™ื˜ื•ืช ื”ืžื™ืคื•ื™ ืฉื ื“ื•ื ื• ื‘ ืžืขื‘ืจ ืœืกื›ื™ืžื”: ืžืขืงื‘ ืื—ืจ ื”ืฉืคืขืช ืกื•ื’ื™ ื ืชื•ื ื™ืืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ื–ื™ื”ื•ื™ ื”ื™ื›ืŸ ื ืชื•ื ื™ื ื ืขื™ื ื‘ืฉื™ื—ื•ืช ืืกื™ื ื›ืจื•ื ื™ื•ืช, ืฆื•ื•ืชื™ื ืžืฉื™ื’ื™ื ืฉืœื™ื˜ื” ืขืœ ืžื—ื–ื•ืจื™ ื—ื™ื™ ืขืกืงืื•ืช ื•ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœืื›ื•ืฃ ื’ื‘ื•ืœื•ืช ืžืคื•ืจืฉื™ื ื‘ืžื”ืœืš ื”ื”ืขื‘ืจื”. ืœืื—ืจ ื”ื’ื“ืจืช ืžื’ื‘ืœื•ืช ืืœื•, ืฉืจืฉืจืื•ืช ื”ื‘ื˜ื—ื” ืื• ืคื•ื ืงืฆื™ื•ืช ืืกื™ื ื›ืจื•ื ื™ื•ืช ื™ื›ื•ืœื•ืช ืœืฉืžื•ืจ ืขืœ ืื˜ื•ืžื™ื•ืช ื‘ืฆื•ืจื” ืืžื™ื ื” ื™ื•ืชืจ.

ื™ื™ืฉื•ื ืืžืฆืขื™ ื”ื’ื ื” ื˜ืจื ื–ืงืฆื™ื•ื ืœื™ื™ื ื‘ืžื”ืœืš ื”ื’ื™ืจื” ืืกื™ื ื›ืจื•ื ื™ืช

ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ื‘ื˜ื™ื— ื‘ื˜ื™ื—ื•ืช ื‘ืขืช ื”ื˜ืžืขืช Promises ืื• async/await, ืฆื•ื•ืชื™ื ืฆืจื™ื›ื™ื ืœืฉืœื‘ ืืžืฆืขื™ ื”ื’ื ื” ื˜ืจื ื–ืงืฆื™ื•ื ืœื™ื™ื ื‘ืงื•ื“ ืฉืขื‘ืจ ืฉื™ืคื•ืฅ. ื˜ื›ื ื™ืงื•ืช ื›ื’ื•ืŸ commits ื“ื•-ืคืื–ื™ื™ื, ืžืชืืžื™ ื˜ืจื ื–ืงืฆื™ื•ืช ืžื‘ื•ื–ืจื™ื ื•ืืกื™ืžื•ื ื™ rollback ืžื‘ื˜ื™ื—ื™ื ืฉืคืขื•ืœื•ืช ืืกื™ื ื›ืจื•ื ื™ื•ืช ืฉื”ื•ืฉืœืžื• ื—ืœืงื™ืช ื™ื•ื›ืœื• ืœื—ื–ื•ืจ ืœืžืฆื‘ ืขืงื‘ื™. ืืžืฆืขื™ ื”ื”ื’ื ื” ื—ื™ื™ื‘ื™ื ืœืคืขื•ืœ ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืขืฆืžืื™ ืžืžืกื’ืจื•ืช ืกืคืฆื™ืคื™ื•ืช, ืžื” ืฉืžืืคืฉืจ ืœืžืขืจื›ืช ืœืฉืžื•ืจ ืขืœ ืฉืœืžื•ืช ื’ื ื›ืืฉืจ ืžืงื•ืจื•ืช ื”ื ืชื•ื ื™ื ื”ื‘ืกื™ืกื™ื™ื ืžืชืคืชื—ื™ื.

ื“ืคื•ืก ื—ื™ื•ื ื™ ื”ื•ื ื”ืฉื™ืžื•ืฉ ื‘ืขื˜ื™ืคื•ืช ื˜ืจื ื–ืงืฆื™ื•ื ืœื™ื•ืช ืืฉืจ ืขื•ื˜ืคื•ืช ืืช ื›ืœ ื”ืฉืœื‘ื™ื ื”ืืกื™ื ื›ืจื•ื ื™ื™ื ื”ืงืฉื•ืจื™ื ื‘ืชื•ืš ืคื•ื ืงืฆื™ื” ืื—ืช. ืื ืžืชืจื—ืฉืช ืฉื’ื™ืื”, ื”ืขื˜ื™ืคื” ืžื‘ื˜ืœืช ืื•ื˜ื•ืžื˜ื™ืช ืคืขื•ืœื•ืช ื‘ืžื•ืจื“ ื”ื–ืจื ื•ืžื‘ืฆืขืช ื ื™ืงื•ื™. ื–ื” ืžืฉืงืฃ ืžื•ืฉื’ื™ื ื”ืžืฆื•ื™ื™ื ื‘ ื ื™ืชื•ื— ื”ืฉืคืขื” ื•ื”ื“ืžื™ื™ืช ืชืœื•ืช, ื›ืืฉืจ ื‘ื™ื“ื•ื“ ืชืœื•ื™ื•ืช ืžื•ื ืข ืฉื’ื™ืื•ืช ืžื“ื•ืจื’ื•ืช. ืฉื™ืœื•ื‘ ืขื˜ื™ืคื•ืช ื˜ืจื ื–ืงืฆื™ื•ืช ื‘ืฉืœื‘ ืžื•ืงื“ื ืฉืœ ื”ืžืขื‘ืจ ืžื™ื™ืฆื‘ ืคืขื•ืœื•ืช ืืกื™ื ื›ืจื•ื ื™ื•ืช ื•ืžืคื—ื™ืช ืืช ื”ืกื‘ื™ืจื•ืช ืœืื ื•ืžืœื™ื•ืช ื ืชื•ื ื™ื.

ืกื ื›ืจื•ืŸ ืขื“ื›ื•ื ื™ ื ืชื•ื ื™ื ื‘ื• ื–ืžื ื™ืช ืชื—ืช async/await

Async/await ืžืคืฉื˜ ืืช ืžื‘ื ื” ื”ืงื•ื“ ืืš ืžื’ื‘ื™ืจ ืืช ื”ืžืงื‘ื™ืœื•ืช, ื•ืžืืคืฉืจ ืœืžืกืคืจ ืคืขื•ืœื•ืช ืœืคืขื•ืœ ื‘ื• ื–ืžื ื™ืช. ืœืœื ืกื ื›ืจื•ืŸ ื ื›ื•ืŸ, ื›ืชื™ื‘ื” ืื• ืงืจื™ืื•ืช ื‘ื• ื–ืžื ื™ืช ืขืœื•ืœื•ืช ืœื™ื™ืฆืจ ืžืฆื‘ื™ื ืœื ืขืงื‘ื™ื™ื, ื‘ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ ื‘ืขืช ื’ื™ืฉื” ืœืžืฉืื‘ื™ื ืžืฉื•ืชืคื™ื ื›ื’ื•ืŸ ืžืกื“ื™ ื ืชื•ื ื™ื ืื• ืžื˜ืžื•ื ื™ื. ื˜ื›ื ื™ืงื•ืช ืกื ื›ืจื•ืŸ ื›ื’ื•ืŸ mutex, ื ืขื™ืœื” ืื•ืคื˜ื™ืžื™ืช ื•ื‘ื“ื™ืงื•ืช ื’ืจืกืื•ืช ืžื‘ื˜ื™ื—ื•ืช ืฉืฉืœืžื•ืช ื”ื ืชื•ื ื™ื ื ืฉืžืจืช ื’ื ื›ืืฉืจ ืคืขื•ืœื•ืช ื—ื•ืคืคื•ืช.

ืกื ื›ืจื•ืŸ ื—ื™ื™ื‘ ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืชื•ืื ืœื™ืขื“ื™ ื‘ื™ืฆื•ืขื™ื. ื ืขื™ืœื” ืžื•ื’ื–ืžืช ืขืœื•ืœื” ืœื”ืคื—ื™ืช ืืช ื™ืชืจื•ื ื•ืช ื”ืžืงื‘ื™ืœื™ื•ืช, ื‘ืขื•ื“ ืฉื‘ืงืจื” ืœื ืžืกืคืงืช ืขืœื•ืœื” ืœืคื’ื•ืข ื‘ื ืชื•ื ื™ื. ื”ืื™ื–ื•ืŸ ื”ื ื›ื•ืŸ ื ื•ื‘ืข ืžื ื™ืชื•ื— ื“ืคื•ืกื™ ืชืœื•ืช ืฉื–ื•ื”ื• ื‘ืฉืœื‘ื™ ืฉื™ืคื•ืฅ ืžื•ืงื“ืžื™ื ื™ื•ืชืจ. ืžื•ื“ืœื™ ื‘ื™ืฆื•ืข ืžืงื‘ื™ืœื™ื ืž ื ื™ื”ื•ืœ ืจื™ืฆื•ืช ืžืงื‘ื™ืœื•ืช ืœืกืคืง ืชื•ื‘ื ื•ืช ื“ื•ืžื•ืช, ื•ืœื”ื“ื’ื™ื ื›ื™ืฆื“ ื ื™ืชืŸ ืœื‘ืฆืข ื–ืจื™ืžื•ืช ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ื‘ื•-ื–ืžื ื™ื•ืช ื‘ื‘ื˜ื—ื” ื‘ืžื”ืœืš ืฉืœื‘ื™ ืžืขื‘ืจ. ืกื ื›ืจื•ืŸ ื ื›ื•ืŸ ืžื‘ื˜ื™ื— ืฉื”ืžื•ื“ืจื ื™ื–ืฆื™ื” ืชืื™ืฅ ืืช ื”ืชืคื•ืงื” ืžื‘ืœื™ ืœื”ื›ื ื™ืก ื—ื•ืกืจ ืขืงื‘ื™ื•ืช ืœื•ื’ื™.

ืื™ืžื•ืช ืขืงื‘ื™ื•ืช ื˜ืจื ื–ืงืฆื™ื•ืช ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ื‘ื“ื™ืงื•ืช ืื•ื˜ื•ืžื˜ื™ื•ืช

ื‘ื“ื™ืงืช ื”ืชื ื”ื’ื•ืช ื˜ืจื ื–ืงืฆื™ื•ื ืœื™ืช ื‘ืกื‘ื™ื‘ื” ืืกื™ื ื›ืจื•ื ื™ืช ื“ื•ืจืฉืช ืฉื’ืจื•ืช ืื™ืžื•ืช ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ื•ืช ื”ืžื—ืงื•ืช ืขื•ืžืกื™ ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ืฉืœ ื™ื™ืฆื•ืจ. ืžืกื’ืจื•ืช ืื•ื˜ื•ืžื˜ื™ื•ืช ืฆืจื™ื›ื•ืช ืœื“ืžื•ืช ื›ืฉืœื™ื ื—ืœืงื™ื™ื, ื”ืฉื”ื™ื™ืช ืจืฉืช ื•ืชืจื—ื™ืฉื™ ื’ื™ืฉื” ื‘ื•-ื–ืžื ื™ืช. ื›ืœ ืžืงืจื” ื‘ื“ื™ืงื” ืžืืžืช ืฉื”ืคืขื•ืœื•ืช ื”ื•ืฉืœืžื• ื‘ื”ืฆืœื—ื” ืื• ืฉื‘ื•ืฆืขื• ืคืขื•ืœื•ืช ื—ื•ื–ืจื•ืช ืœื—ืœื•ื˜ื™ืŸ, ืœืœื ืžืฆื‘ื™ ื‘ื™ื ื™ื™ื ืื• ืžืฆื‘ื™ื ืœื ืžื•ื’ื“ืจื™ื ืฉื ื•ืชืจื• ื‘ืื—ืกื•ืŸ.

ืื•ื˜ื•ืžืฆื™ื” ืชื•ืžื›ืช ื‘ืื™ืžื•ืช ืžืชืžืฉืš ื‘ืžื”ืœืš ื”ืžื•ื“ืจื ื™ื–ืฆื™ื”. ื”ื™ื ืžืืคืฉืจืช ืœืžื”ื ื“ืกื™ื ืœืืฉืจ ืฉื›ืœ ืฉืœื‘ ื‘ืžืขื‘ืจ ืฉื•ืžืจ ืขืœ ืืžื™ื ื•ืช ื˜ืจื ื–ืงืฆื™ื•ื ืœื™ืช ื›ื›ืœ ืฉื”ืื™ืžื•ืฅ ืฉืœ ืืกื™ื ื›ืจื•ื ื™/ื”ืžืชื ื” ืžืชืจื—ื‘. ื’ื™ืฉื” ื–ื• ืžืชื™ื™ืฉื‘ืช ืขื ืืกื˜ืจื˜ื’ื™ื•ืช ืื™ื ื˜ื’ืจืฆื™ื” ืจืฆื™ืคื” ืœืžื•ื“ืจื ื™ื–ืฆื™ื” ืฉืœ ืžื™ื™ื ืคืจื™ื™ื, ืชื•ืš ื”ื‘ื˜ื—ื” ืฉื›ืœ ืขื“ื›ื•ืŸ ื ื‘ื“ืง ืžื•ืœ ืกื˜ื ื“ืจื˜ื™ื ืžื“ื™ื“ื™ื ืฉืœ ืฉืœืžื•ืช. ื”ืชื•ืฆืื” ื”ื™ื ืžืขืจื›ืช ืฉืžืชืคืชื—ืช ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืืกื™ื ื›ืจื•ื ื™ ืชื•ืš ืฉืžื™ืจื” ืขืœ ื“ื™ื•ืง ื•ืขืงื‘ื™ื•ืช ื ืชื•ื ื™ ื”ื‘ืกื™ืก ื”ื—ืฉื•ื‘ื™ื ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ืฉืœื”.

ื‘ื“ื™ืงืช ืžืงื‘ื™ืœื™ื•ืช ื•ื–ืจื™ืžืช ื‘ื™ืฆื•ืข ืœืื—ืจ ื”ื’ื™ืจื”

ืœืื—ืจ ืฉืงื•ื“ ืืกื™ื ื›ืจื•ื ื™ ืžื“ื•ืจ ืงื•ื“ื ืขื‘ืจ ืฉื™ืคื•ืฅ ืœ-Promises ืื• async/await, ื”ืฉืœื‘ ื”ืงืจื™ื˜ื™ ื”ื‘ื ื›ืจื•ืš ื‘ืื™ืžื•ืช ืื•ืคืŸ ื”ืชื ื”ื’ื•ืช ื”ื‘ื™ืฆื•ืข ืชื—ืช ืขื•ืžืกื™ ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ืืžื™ืชื™ื™ื. ื‘ื“ื™ืงื•ืช ื—ื™ื™ื‘ื•ืช ืœืืฉืจ ืฉื”ืžืขืจื›ืช ืฉืขื‘ืจื” ืฉื™ืคื•ืฅ ืœื ืจืง ืžืชืคืงื“ืช ื›ื”ืœื›ื”, ืืœื ื’ื ืฉื•ืžืจืช ืขืœ ืžืงื‘ื™ืœื™ื•ืช ื•ื‘ื”ืงื‘ื™ืœื™ื•ืช ืฆืคื•ื™ื•ืช. ืคืจื•ื™ืงื˜ื™ื ืจื‘ื™ื ืฉืœ ืžื•ื“ืจื ื™ื–ืฆื™ื” ืžืžืขื™ื˜ื™ื ื‘ื—ืฉื™ื‘ื•ืช ืฉืœ ื‘ื“ื™ืงืช ื–ืจื™ืžืช ื–ืžืŸ ืจื™ืฆื” ืœืื—ืจ ื”ื’ื™ืจื”. ืืคื™ืœื• ืฉื™ื ื•ื™ื™ื ืงื˜ื ื™ื ื‘ืชื–ืžื•ืŸ ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœื”ืฉืคื™ืข ืขืœ ื”ื‘ื™ืฆื•ืขื™ื, ืขืงื‘ื™ื•ืช ื”ื ืชื•ื ื™ื ืื• ื”ืชืคืฉื˜ื•ืช ื”ืฉื’ื™ืื•ืช. ื‘ื“ื™ืงื•ืช ืžื‘ื˜ื™ื—ื•ืช ืฉืœื•ื’ื™ืงื” ืืกื™ื ื›ืจื•ื ื™ืช ืžืชื ื”ื’ืช ื›ืžืชื•ื›ื ืŸ ื‘ืชื ืื™ ืขื•ืžืก ืฉื•ื ื™ื, ื•ืžืกืคืงื•ืช ืืช ื”ื‘ื™ื˜ื—ื•ืŸ ื”ื“ืจื•ืฉ ืœืคืจื™ืกื” ืžืœืื” ืฉืœ ื”ื™ื™ืฆื•ืจ.

ื‘ื ื™ื’ื•ื“ ืœืื™ืžื•ืช ืคื•ื ืงืฆื™ื•ื ืœื™, ืฉื‘ื•ื“ืง ืคืœื˜ื™ื ืžื•ืœ ืชื•ืฆืื•ืช ืฆืคื•ื™ื•ืช, ื‘ื“ื™ืงื•ืช ื–ืจื™ืžืช ื‘ื™ืฆื•ืข ื‘ื•ื—ื ื•ืช ื›ื™ืฆื“ ืคืขื•ืœื•ืช ืืกื™ื ื›ืจื•ื ื™ื•ืช ืžืงื™ื™ืžื•ืช ืื™ื ื˜ืจืืงืฆื™ื” ื‘ืจืฆืฃ ืื• ื‘ืžืงื‘ื™ืœ. ืžื‘ื ื™ ืงืจื™ืื” ื—ื•ื–ืจืช ืžื“ื•ืจ ืงื•ื“ื ืœืขื™ืชื™ื ืงืจื•ื‘ื•ืช ืกื™ื“ืจื• ืžืฉื™ืžื•ืช ืฉืœื ืœืฆื•ืจืš, ื‘ืขื•ื“ ืฉื“ืคื•ืกื™ื ืืกื™ื ื›ืจื•ื ื™ื™ื ืžื•ื“ืจื ื™ื™ื ืžืงื“ืžื™ื ื‘ื™ืฆื•ืข ื‘ื•-ื–ืžื ื™. ื”ืžื˜ืจื” ื”ื™ื ืœื”ื‘ื˜ื™ื— ืฉื‘ื™ืฆื•ืข ื‘ื•-ื–ืžื ื™ ืžื•ื’ื‘ืจ ื™ืชื•ืจื’ื ืœื™ืขื™ืœื•ืช ืžื“ื™ื“ื” ืžื‘ืœื™ ืœื”ื›ื ื™ืก ื—ื•ืกืจ ื™ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืช. ืชื”ืœื™ืš ื–ื” ืžืชื‘ืกืก ืขืœ ื”ืžืชื•ื“ื•ืœื•ื’ื™ื” ื”ืžืชื•ืืจืช ื‘... ืคื™ืจื•ืง ื”ืžืกืชื•ืจื™ืŸ ืฉืœ ื ื™ืชื•ื— ื–ืžืŸ ืจื™ืฆื”, ื›ืืฉืจ ื”ืชื ื”ื’ื•ืช ืžื•ืฆื’ืช ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ื•ื™ื–ื•ืืœื™ ืžืืฉืจืช ื”ืชืืžื” ื‘ื™ืŸ ื›ื•ื•ื ืช ื”ืชื›ื ื•ืŸ ืœื”ืชื ื”ื’ื•ืช ื”ืžืขืจื›ืช.

ื‘ื ื™ื™ืช ืกื‘ื™ื‘ื•ืช ื‘ื“ื™ืงื” ืชื•ืžื›ื•ืช ื‘ื•-ื–ืžื ื™ื•ืช

ื‘ื“ื™ืงืช ื‘ื™ืฆื•ืขื™ื ืืกื™ื ื›ืจื•ื ื™ื™ื ื“ื•ืจืฉืช ืกื‘ื™ื‘ื•ืช ืฉืžืฉื›ืคืœื•ืช ืชื ืื™ ืžืงื‘ื™ืœื™ื•ืช ืืžื™ืชื™ื™ื. ืกื‘ื™ื‘ืช ื‘ื™ืžื•ื™ ื˜ื™ืคื•ืกื™ืช ืขืฉื•ื™ื” ืฉืœื ืœื“ืžื•ืช ื‘ืžื“ื•ื™ืง ืืช ืžืกืคืจ ื”ื‘ืงืฉื•ืช ื”ืžืงื‘ื™ืœื•ืช ืื• ื”ืชื ื•ืขื•ืช ื”ืžืงื‘ื™ืœื•ืช ื”ืžื˜ื•ืคืœื•ืช ื‘ื™ื™ืฆื•ืจ. ื‘ื ื™ื™ืช ืคืœื˜ืคื•ืจืžืช ื‘ื“ื™ืงื” ืžื•ื“ืขืช ืœืžืงื‘ื™ืœื™ื•ืช ื›ืจื•ื›ื” ื‘ื”ื’ื“ืจืช ืžื—ื•ืœืœื™ ืขื•ืžืกื™ ืขื‘ื•ื“ื”, ืžืื’ืจื™ ื—ื™ื‘ื•ืจื™ื ื•ื ื™ื˜ื•ืจื™ ืœื•ืœืื•ืช ืื™ืจื•ืขื™ื ืฉื—ื•ืฉืคื™ื ืืช ื”ืžืขืจื›ืช ืœืจืžื•ืช ืขื•ืžืก ืžืฆื™ืื•ืชื™ื•ืช.

ืกื‘ื™ื‘ื•ืช ื‘ื“ื™ืงื” ืืœื• ืฆืจื™ื›ื•ืช ื’ื ืœืขืงื•ื‘ ืื—ืจ ื”ืื•ืคืŸ ืฉื‘ื• ื”ื‘ื˜ื—ื•ืช ื ืคืชืจื•ืช ืชื—ืช ืขื•ืžืก ื‘ื•-ื–ืžื ื™. ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ื›ืœื™ ื˜ืœืžื˜ืจื™ื”, ืžืคืชื—ื™ื ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœืฆืคื•ืช ื”ืื ืคืขื•ืœื•ืช ืืกื™ื ื›ืจื•ื ื™ื•ืช ืžืกื•ื™ืžื•ืช ืžืคื’ืจื•ืช ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืขืงื‘ื™ ืื• ื—ื•ืกืžื•ืช ืื—ืจื•ืช. ืฉื™ืœื•ื‘ ืงื•ื•ื™ ื‘ืกื™ืก ืฉืœ ื‘ื™ืฆื•ืขื™ื ืž- ืžื“ื“ื™ ื‘ื™ืฆื•ืขื™ ืชื•ื›ื ื” ืฉืขืœื™ื›ื ืœืขืงื•ื‘ ืื—ืจื™ื”ื ืžืกืคืง ื”ืงืฉืจ ืžื“ื™ื“. ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ื”ืฉื•ื•ืืช ืžื“ื“ื™ื ืฉืœ "ืœืคื ื™" ื•ืื—ืจื™, ืฆื•ื•ืชื™ื ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœืืžืช ืฉื”ื’ื™ืจื” ืืกื™ื ื›ืจื•ื ื™ืช/ื”ืžืชื ื” ืžืฉืคืจืช ืืช ื”ืชืคื•ืงื” ืžื‘ืœื™ ืœื™ืฆื•ืจ ืชืœื•ื™ื•ืช ืชื–ืžื•ืŸ ื—ื“ืฉื•ืช. ืกื‘ื™ื‘ื•ืช ืžื•ื“ืขื•ืช ืœืžืงื‘ื™ืœื™ื•ืช ืžืืคืฉืจื•ืช ืœื”ืขืจื™ืš ืขื“ ื›ืžื” ืœื•ื’ื™ืงื” ืืกื™ื ื›ืจื•ื ื™ืช ืžืชืจื—ื‘ืช ืขืœ ืคื ื™ ืœื™ื‘ื•ืช, ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ื ื•ื”ืคืขืœื•ืช ืžืฉืชืžืฉ ืžืจื•ื‘ื•ืช.

ืื™ืžื•ืช ื‘ื™ืฆื•ืข ื“ื˜ืจืžื™ื ื™ืกื˜ื™ ืชื—ืช ื–ืจื™ืžืช ื‘ืงืจื” ืืกื™ื ื›ืจื•ื ื™ืช

ื‘ืžืขืจื›ื•ืช ืืกื™ื ื›ืจื•ื ื™ื•ืช, ื“ื˜ืจืžื™ื ื™ื–ื ืžื‘ื˜ื™ื— ืฉืคืขื•ืœื•ืช ื™ื•ืฉืœืžื• ื‘ืกื“ืจ ืขืงื‘ื™, ืœืœื ืงืฉืจ ืœืชื ื•ื“ื•ืช ื‘ืชื–ืžื•ืŸ. ืขื™ืฆื•ื‘ื™ื ืžื‘ื•ืกืกื™ ืงืจื™ืื” ื—ื•ื–ืจืช ื”ืกืชืžื›ื• ืœืขืชื™ื ืงืจื•ื‘ื•ืช ืขืœ ืจืฆืฃ ืžืจื•ืžื–, ืฉื‘ื• ืคืขื•ืœื•ืช ื ืจืื• ืžื‘ื•ืฆืขื•ืช ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืฆืคื•ื™ ืขืงื‘ ื“ืคื•ืกื™ ื—ืกื™ืžื”. ื›ืืฉืจ ื”ืŸ ืขื•ื‘ืจื•ืช ืžื—ื“ืฉ ืœืžืฆื‘ ืืกื™ื ื›ืจื•ื ื™/ื”ืžืชื ื”, ืกื“ืจ ืžืจื•ืžื– ื–ื” ื ืขืœื ืืœื ืื ื›ืŸ ื”ื•ื ื ืฉืžืจ ื‘ืžืคื•ืจืฉ. ืื™ืžื•ืช ื”ืชื ื”ื’ื•ืช ื“ื˜ืจืžื™ื ื™ืกื˜ื™ืช ื›ืจื•ืš ื‘ืื™ืžื•ืช ืฉืคืขื•ืœื•ืช ืชืœื•ื™ื•ืช ืชืžื™ื“ ื™ื•ืฉืœืžื• ื‘ืกื“ืจ ื”ื ื›ื•ืŸ ืชื—ืช ื”ืฉื”ื™ื™ื” ื•ืขื•ืžืก ืžืฉืชื ื™ื.

ื‘ื“ื™ืงื•ืช ืžื•ื‘ื ื•ืช ืฆืจื™ื›ื•ืช ืœื”ืชืžืงื“ ื‘ื ืงื•ื“ื•ืช ืชืœื•ืช ื™ื“ื•ืขื•ืช ื›ื’ื•ืŸ ืคืขื•ืœื•ืช ืงื•ืžื™ื˜ ืฉืœ ืžืกื“ ื ืชื•ื ื™ื, ืชื•ืจื™ ื”ื•ื“ืขื•ืช ืื• ืคืœื™ื˜ื•ืช ืื™ืจื•ืขื™ื. ืจื™ืฉื•ื ื—ื•ืชืžื•ืช ื”ื–ืžืŸ ื•ืกื“ืจ ื”ื”ืฉืœืžื” ืžืืคืฉืจ ืœืžื”ื ื“ืกื™ื ืœื–ื”ื•ืช ืชื ืื™ ืžืจื•ืฅ ืื• ื‘ื™ืฆื•ืข ืžื•ืงื“ื. ืื•ืชื ืขืงืจื•ื ื•ืช ื—ืœื™ื ื›ืžื• ื‘- ื ื™ืชื•ื— ื”ืฉืคืขื” ืœื‘ื“ื™ืงื•ืช ืชื•ื›ื ื”, ื›ืืฉืจ ืื™ืžื•ืช ืชืœื•ืช ืžืืฉืจ ืฉืงืฉืจื™ื ื‘ื™ืŸ ืกื™ื‘ื” ืœืชื•ืฆืื” ื ื•ืชืจื™ื ื™ืฆื™ื‘ื™ื. ื”ื‘ื˜ื—ืช ื“ื˜ืจืžื™ื ื™ื–ื ืฉื•ืžืจืช ืขืœ ื™ื›ื•ืœืช ื—ื™ื–ื•ื™ ื”ืžืขืจื›ืช ื•ืžื’ื ื” ืขืœ ืชื”ืœื™ื›ื™ื ื‘ืžื•ืจื“ ื”ื–ืจื ื”ืชืœื•ื™ื™ื ื‘ื“ื™ื•ืง ืกื“ืจืชื™.

ื ื™ื˜ื•ืจ ื ื™ืฆื•ืœ ื•ืจื•ื•ื™ื” ืฉืœ ืžืฉืื‘ื™ื ืืกื™ื ื›ืจื•ื ื™ื™ื

ื‘ื“ื™ืงื•ืช ื–ืจื™ืžืช ื‘ื™ืฆื•ืข ืœืื—ืจ ื”ื’ื™ืจื” ื—ื™ื™ื‘ื•ืช ื’ื ืœืžื“ื•ื“ ื›ื™ืฆื“ ืฉื™ื ื•ื™ื™ื ืืกื™ื ื›ืจื•ื ื™ื™ื ืžืฉืคื™ืขื™ื ืขืœ ื ื™ืฆื•ืœ ื”ืžืฉืื‘ื™ื. ืคืขื•ืœื•ืช ืฉืื™ื ืŸ ื—ื•ืกืžื•ืช ืžื’ื“ื™ืœื•ืช ืืช ืคื•ื˜ื ืฆื™ืืœ ืขื•ืžืก ื”ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ื”ืžืงื‘ื™ืœ, ืืš ืœืœื ื ื™ื”ื•ืœ ื ื›ื•ืŸ ื”ืŸ ืขืœื•ืœื•ืช ืœื”ืขืžื™ืก ืขืœ ืžืขืจื›ื•ืช ืงืœื˜/ืคืœื˜, ืžืกื“ื™ ื ืชื•ื ื™ื ืื• ื ืงื•ื“ื•ืช ืงืฆื” ืฉืœ ื”ืจืฉืช. ื‘ื“ื™ืงื•ืช ืจื•ื•ื™ื•ืŸ ืžืฉืื‘ื™ื ืขื•ืงื‘ื•ืช ืื—ืจ ืžื“ื“ื™ื ื›ื’ื•ืŸ ืขื•ืžืก CPU, ืฆืจื™ื›ืช ื–ื™ื›ืจื•ืŸ ื•ืคืขื™ืœื•ืช ืžืื’ืจ ื—ื™ื‘ื•ืจื™ื ื‘ืžื”ืœืš ืคืขื•ืœื•ืช ืืกื™ื ื›ืจื•ื ื™ื•ืช ื‘ื•-ื–ืžื ื™ื•ืช.

ื ื™ืชื•ื— ื–ื” ืžืชื™ื™ืฉื‘ ืขื ืขื™ื‘ื•ื“ ืžื—ื“ืฉ ืฉืœ ืœื•ื’ื™ืงืช ื—ื™ื‘ื•ืจ ืžืกื“ ื ืชื•ื ื™ื, ืฉื‘ื” ื ื™ื”ื•ืœ ืจื•ื•ื™ื” ืฉืœ ื—ื™ื‘ื•ืจื™ื ื—ื™ื•ื ื™ ืœืžื•ื“ืจื ื™ื–ืฆื™ื” ื ื™ืชื ืช ืœื”ืจื—ื‘ื”. ืขื™ื‘ื•ื“ ืžื—ื“ืฉ ืืกื™ื ื›ืจื•ื ื™ ืขืฉื•ื™ ืœื—ืฉื•ืฃ ืฆื•ื•ืืจื™ ื‘ืงื‘ื•ืง ื ืกืชืจื™ื ืฉื”ื•ืกื•ื• ื‘ืขื‘ืจ ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ืงืจื™ืื” ื—ื•ื–ืจืช ืกื™ื“ื•ืจื™ืช. ื”ืชื‘ื•ื ื ื•ืช ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืฉื‘ื• ืžืฉืื‘ื™ื ืžืชื ื”ื’ื™ื ืชื—ืช ืœื—ืฅ ืžืืคืฉืจืช ืœืฆื•ื•ืชื™ื ืœื›ื•ื•ื ืŸ ืืช ืžื ื’ื ื•ื ื™ ื”ืžืฆืขืจืช, ืขื™ื‘ื•ื“ ื”ืงื‘ื•ืฆื•ืช ื•ื ื™ื”ื•ืœ ื”ืชื•ืจื™ื. ื ื™ืฆื•ืœ ืžืื•ื–ืŸ ืžื‘ื˜ื™ื— ืฉื”ืžื•ื“ืจื ื™ื–ืฆื™ื” ืชื‘ื™ื ืœื™ืขื™ืœื•ืช ื•ืœื ืœื”ืืจื›ืช ื™ืชืจ.

ืื•ื˜ื•ืžืฆื™ื” ืฉืœ ืื™ืžื•ืช ืจื’ืจืกื™ื” ืœืขืงื‘ื™ื•ืช ืืกื™ื ื›ืจื•ื ื™ืช

ืœืื—ืจ ื‘ื“ื™ืงืช ื–ืจื™ืžื” ืืกื™ื ื›ืจื•ื ื™ืช ื‘ืชื ืื™ื ืžืงื‘ื™ืœื™ื, ืื™ืžื•ืช ืจื’ืจืกื™ื” ืื•ื˜ื•ืžื˜ื™ ืžื‘ื˜ื™ื— ืฉืขื“ื›ื•ื ื™ื ืขื•ืงื‘ื™ื ื™ืฉืžืจื• ืขืœ ื”ื‘ื™ืฆื•ืขื™ื ื•ื”ืกื“ืจ ื”ืฆืคื•ื™ื™ื. ื›ืœ ืคืจื™ืกื” ืฆืจื™ื›ื” ืœื”ืคืขื™ืœ ืฉื’ืจื•ืช ืื™ืžื•ืช ืฉืžืฉื•ื•ืช ืขืงื‘ื•ืช ื‘ื™ืฆื•ืข, ื–ืžื ื™ ื”ืฉืœืžื” ื•ื™ื—ืกื™ ื‘ื•-ื–ืžื ื™ื•ืช ืขื ืงื•ื•ื™ ื‘ืกื™ืก ืฉื ืงื‘ืขื•. ืจื’ืจืกื™ื” ืื•ื˜ื•ืžื˜ื™ืช ืžื‘ื˜ื™ื—ื” ืฉื”ืฉื™ืคื•ืจื™ื ืฉื”ื•ืฉื’ื• ื‘ืžื”ืœืš ื”ื”ื’ื™ืจื” ื™ื™ืฉืžืจื• ื‘ื’ืจืกืื•ืช ืขืชื™ื“ื™ื•ืช.

ื”ื˜ืžืขืช ื‘ื“ื™ืงื•ืช ืืœื• ื‘ืฆื™ื ื•ืจื•ืช ืืกืคืงื” โ€‹โ€‹ืจืฆื™ืคื™ื ืžื—ื–ืงืช ืืช ื™ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืช ื”ืžื•ื“ืจื ื™ื–ืฆื™ื”. ื”ื’ื™ืฉื” ืžืฉืงืคืช ืืช ื”ืžืชื•ื“ื•ืœื•ื’ื™ื” ื”ืžื‘ื•ืงืจืช ื‘ื” ื ืขืฉื” ืฉื™ืžื•ืฉ ื‘- ืžืกื’ืจื•ืช ืœื‘ื“ื™ืงื•ืช ืจื’ืจืกื™ื” ืฉืœ ื‘ื™ืฆื•ืขื™ื, ืฉื‘ื• ืื•ื˜ื•ืžืฆื™ื” ืžืชืžืฉื›ืช ืžื’ื ื” ืžืคื ื™ ื”ื™ื“ืจื“ืจื•ืช ื”ื“ืจื’ืชื™ืช. ืื™ืžื•ืช ืจื’ืจืกื™ื” ืžืžื™ืจ ื‘ื“ื™ืงื•ืช ืžืžืฉื™ืžื” ืชื’ื•ื‘ืชื™ืช ืœืžื ื’ื ื•ืŸ ืื‘ื˜ื—ื” ืžื•ื˜ืžืข, ื•ืžื‘ื˜ื™ื— ืฉื›ืœ ืื™ื˜ืจืฆื™ื” ืืกื™ื ื›ืจื•ื ื™ืช ื—ื“ืฉื” ืฉื•ืžืจืช ืขืœ ื”ืืžื™ื ื•ืช ื•ื”ื™ืขื™ืœื•ืช ืฉื ืงื‘ืขื• ื‘ืžื”ืœืš ื”ื”ื’ื™ืจื”.

ืžืขืงื‘ ืื—ืจ ื›ืฉืœื™ื ืืกื™ื ื›ืจื•ื ื™ื™ื ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ื ื™ื˜ื•ืจ ื•ืจื™ืฉื•ื ืžืื•ื—ื“ื™ื

ืœืื—ืจ ืขื™ื‘ื•ื“ ืžื—ื“ืฉ ืฉืœ ืืจื›ื™ื˜ืงื˜ื•ืจื” ืืกื™ื ื›ืจื•ื ื™ืช ืžื“ื•ืจ ืงื•ื“ื ืœ-Promises ืื• async/await, ื”ื ืจืื•ืช ืฉืœ ื“ืคื•ืกื™ ื›ืฉืœ ื”ื•ืคื›ืช ืœื’ื•ืจื ืžื›ืจื™ืข ืœื™ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืช ืชืคืขื•ืœื™ืช. ื‘ื ื™ื’ื•ื“ ืœืฉื’ื™ืื•ืช ืกื™ื ื›ืจื•ื ื™ื•ืช ืฉืขื•ืงื‘ื•ืช ืื—ืจ ืžื—ืกื ื™ืช ืงืจื™ืื•ืช ื‘ืจื•ืจื”, ื›ืฉืœื™ื ืืกื™ื ื›ืจื•ื ื™ื™ื ืžืชืคืฉื˜ื™ื ืขืœ ืคื ื™ ืœื•ืœืื•ืช ืื™ืจื•ืขื™ื, ืฉืจืฉืจืื•ืช Promise ื•ืงืจื™ืื•ืช ื—ื•ื–ืจื•ืช ื‘ืชื•ืจ. ืœืœื ื ื™ื˜ื•ืจ ื•ืจื™ืฉื•ื ืžืื•ื—ื“ื™ื, ืžืขืงื‘ ืื—ืจ ื›ืฉืœื™ื ืืœื” ื”ื•ืคืš ืžืงื•ื˜ืข ื•ื’ื•ื–ืœ ื–ืžืŸ. ืœื›ืŸ, ืžื•ื“ืจื ื™ื–ืฆื™ื” ืฉืœ ืžืขืจื›ื•ืช ืืกื™ื ื›ืจื•ื ื™ื•ืช ื—ื™ื™ื‘ืช ืœื›ืœื•ืœ ื‘ื ื™ื™ืช ืืกื˜ืจื˜ื’ื™ื™ืช ืชืฆืคื™ืช ืžื’ื•ื‘ืฉืช ื”ืžืงืฉืจืช ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืชื ื”ื’ื•ืช ื–ืžืŸ ืจื™ืฆื”, ืื™ืจื•ืขื™ ืฉื’ื™ืื” ื•ื”ืงืฉืจ ืชืœื•ืช ืœื ืจื˜ื™ื‘ ืื—ื“ ื”ื ื™ืชืŸ ืœืžืขืงื‘.

ื”ืžืขื‘ืจ ืœืžื‘ื ื™ื ืžื‘ื•ืกืกื™ ื”ื‘ื˜ื—ื” ื•ืืกื™ื ื›ืจื•ื ื™ื™ื/ื”ืžืชื ื” ืžืคืฉื˜ ืืช ื”ืคืฆืช ื”ื—ืจื™ื’ื™ื ืืš ื’ื ืžืฆื™ื’ ืืชื’ืจื™ื ื—ื“ืฉื™ื ื‘ืื‘ื—ื•ืŸ. ืฉื’ื™ืื•ืช ื™ื›ื•ืœื•ืช ืœื”ืชืจื—ืฉ ื‘ืžื™ืงืจื•-ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ื ืฉื•ื ื™ื, ืžืฉื™ืžื•ืช ืจืงืข ืื• ืคื•ื ืงืฆื™ื•ืช ืžื‘ื•ืกืกื•ืช ืขื ืŸ, ืžื” ืฉื”ื•ืคืš ืืช ืฉืžื™ืจื” ืขืœ ื ืจืื•ืช ืžืขื‘ืจ ืœื’ื‘ื•ืœื•ืช ื”ืงื•ื“ ืœื—ื™ื•ื ื™. ืืกื˜ืจื˜ื’ื™ื™ืช ื ื™ื˜ื•ืจ ื•ืจื™ืฉื•ื ืžืื•ื—ื“ืช ืœื ืจืง ืžืกื™ื™ืขืช ื‘ืคืชืจื•ืŸ ื‘ืขื™ื•ืช ืืœื ื’ื ืชื•ืžื›ืช ื‘ืื™ืžื•ืช ื•ืชืื™ืžื•ืช ืžืชืžืฉื›ื™ื. ื”ื’ื™ืฉื” ื“ื•ืžื” ืœืชื•ื‘ื ื•ืช ื”ืžื•ื ืขื•ืช ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ื˜ืœืžื˜ืจื™ื” ืฉื ื“ื•ื ื• ื‘- ืชืคืงื™ื“ ื”ื˜ืœืžื˜ืจื™ื” ื‘ื ื™ืชื•ื— ื”ืฉืคืขื•ืช, ืฉื‘ื• ื ืชื•ื ื™ื ื‘ื–ืžืŸ ืืžืช ืžื‘ื˜ื™ื—ื™ื ืขืงื™ื‘ื•ืช ื‘ื™ืŸ ืžืขืจื›ื•ืช ืžื‘ื•ื–ืจื•ืช.

ื”ืงืžืช ืฆื™ื ื•ืจ ืื™ืจื•ืขื™ื ืืกื™ื ื›ืจื•ื ื™ ืžืจื›ื–ื™

ืฆื™ื ื•ืจ ืื™ืจื•ืขื™ื ืžืจื›ื–ื™ ืžื”ื•ื•ื” ืืช ื”ื‘ืกื™ืก ืœื ื™ื˜ื•ืจ ืžืื•ื—ื“. ื”ื•ื ืื•ืกืฃ ื™ื•ืžื ื™ ืจื™ืฉื•ื, ืขืงื‘ื•ืช ื•ืžื“ื“ื™ื ืžื›ืœ ื”ืคืขื•ืœื•ืช ื”ืืกื™ื ื›ืจื•ื ื™ื•ืช, ืœืœื ืงืฉืจ ืœืกื‘ื™ื‘ืช ื”ื‘ื™ืฆื•ืข ืฉืœื”ืŸ. ื›ืœ ืื™ืจื•ืข ืžืงื‘ืœ ื—ื•ืชืžืช ื–ืžืŸ ื•ืžืชื•ืื ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ืžื–ื”ื™ื ื™ื™ื—ื•ื“ื™ื™ื, ืžื” ืฉืžืืคืฉืจ ืฉื—ื–ื•ืจ ืžื“ื•ื™ืง ืฉืœ ื›ืฉืœื™ื ืขืœ ืคื ื™ ื’ื‘ื•ืœื•ืช ื”ืฉื™ืจื•ืช.

ืฆื™ื ื•ืจื•ืช ืžืจื›ื–ื™ื™ื ืžื•ื ืขื™ื ืืช ื”ืคื™ืฆื•ืœ ื”ื ืคื•ืฅ ื‘ืžืขืจื›ื•ืช callback ืžื“ื•ืจ ืงื•ื“ื, ืฉื‘ื”ืŸ ื›ืœ ืžื•ื“ื•ืœ ื˜ื™ืคืœ ื‘ื“ื™ื•ื•ื— ืฉื’ื™ืื•ืช ืžืฉืœื• ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืขืฆืžืื™. ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ืฉื™ืœื•ื‘ ื›ืœ ืžืงื•ืจื•ืช ื”ืจื™ืฉื•ื ืœืžื‘ื ื” ืžืื•ื—ื“, ืžื”ื ื“ืกื™ื ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœืขืงื•ื‘ ืื—ืจ ืžื—ื–ื•ืจ ื”ื—ื™ื™ื ืฉืœ ืขืกืงื” ืืกื™ื ื›ืจื•ื ื™ืช ืžืชื—ื™ืœืชื” ื•ืขื“ ืกื•ืคื”. ื–ื” ืชื•ืื ืืช ื”ืคืจืงื˜ื™ืงื•ืช ื”ืžืชื•ืืจื•ืช ื‘ ื“ืคื•ืกื™ ืื™ื ื˜ื’ืจืฆื™ื” ืืจื’ื•ื ื™ืช ืœืžื•ื“ืจื ื™ื–ืฆื™ื” ื”ื“ืจื’ืชื™ืช, ืืฉืจ ืžื“ื’ื™ืฉื•ืช ืขืงื‘ื™ื•ืช ื—ื•ืฆืช-ืžืขืจื›ื•ืช ื›ืžืคืชื— ืœืืžื™ื ื•ืช ืชืคืขื•ืœื™ืช. ื”ืฆื™ื ื•ืจ ื”ืžืจื›ื–ื™ ื”ื•ืคืš ืœื ืจืง ืœื›ืœื™ ืื‘ื—ื•ืŸ ืืœื ื’ื ืœืžื ื’ื ื•ืŸ ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช ืžืชืžืฉืš ื”ืชื•ืžืš ื‘ื ื™ื”ื•ืœ ืžื•ื“ืจื ื™ื–ืฆื™ื”.

ืงื•ืจืœืฆื™ื” ืฉืœ ืขืงื‘ื•ืช ืžื—ืกื ื™ืช ืืกื™ื ื›ืจื•ื ื™ื•ืช ื‘ื™ืŸ ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ื ืžื‘ื•ื–ืจื™ื

ืชื—ื‘ื™ืจ ืืกื™ื ื›ืจื•ื ื™/ื”ืžืชื ื” ืžืฉืคืจ ืืช ื”ืงืจื™ืื•ืช, ืืš ื”ื•ื ื’ื ืžืกื•ื•ื” ืืช ื”ืกื“ืจ ื”ืืžื™ืชื™ ืฉืœ ืงืจื™ืื•ืช ืœืคื•ื ืงืฆื™ื” ื‘ืžื”ืœืš ื”ื‘ื™ืฆื•ืข. ืขืงื‘ื•ืช ืžื—ืกื ื™ืช (stack traces) ื™ื›ื•ืœื•ืช ืœื”ื™ืจืื•ืช ืžืงื•ื˜ืขื•ืช, ื•ืœื”ืจืื•ืช ืจืง ื”ืงืฉืจื™ื ืžืงื•ืžื™ื™ื ื•ืœื ืืช ื›ืœ ื”ื™ืจืจื›ื™ื™ืช ื”ืงืจื™ืื•ืช. ืงื•ืจืœืฆื™ื” ืฉืœ ืขืงื‘ื•ืช ืžื—ืกื ื™ืช ื‘ื™ืŸ ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ื ืžื‘ื•ื–ืจื™ื ืžื‘ื˜ื™ื—ื” ืฉืžื”ื ื“ืกื™ื ื™ื•ื›ืœื• ืœืขืงื•ื‘ ืื—ืจ ืฉืจืฉืจืช ื”ืื™ืจื•ืขื™ื ื”ืžืœืื” ื”ืžื•ื‘ื™ืœื” ืœื›ืฉืœ.

ืงื•ืจืœืฆื™ื” ื“ื•ืจืฉืช ืฆื™ืจื•ืฃ ืžื–ื”ื™ ืขืกืงื” ืื• ื˜ื•ืงื ื™ื ืฉืœ ื”ืงืฉืจ ืœื›ืœ ืคืขื•ืœื” ืืกื™ื ื›ืจื•ื ื™ืช. ื›ืืฉืจ ื ืืกืคื™ื ื™ื•ืžื ื™ ืจื™ืฉื•ื, ืžื–ื”ื™ื ืืœื” ืžืงืฉืจื™ื ืื™ืจื•ืขื™ื ืงืฉื•ืจื™ื, ื•ื‘ื•ื ื™ื ืžื—ื“ืฉ ืืช ื”ื–ืจื™ืžื” ื”ืžืœืื”. ื”ืฉื™ื˜ื” ืคื•ืขืœืช ืœืคื™ ืขืงืจื•ื ื•ืช ื”ืžืชื•ืืจื™ื ื‘ ืžืชืื ืื™ืจื•ืขื™ื ืœื ื™ืชื•ื— ื’ื•ืจื ืฉื•ืจืฉ, ื›ืืฉืจ ืงื™ืฉื•ืจ ืื•ืชื•ืช ืงืฉื•ืจื™ื ืžื‘ื”ื™ืจ ืืช ื”ืžืงื•ืจ ื”ืืžื™ืชื™ ืฉืœ ื”ื‘ืขื™ื”. ื‘ืจื’ืข ืฉืงื™ื™ื ืžืชืื, ืคืชืจื•ืŸ ื‘ืขื™ื•ืช ืขื•ื‘ืจ ืžื ื™ื—ื•ืฉ ืœื—ืงื™ืจื” ืžื‘ื•ืกืกืช ืจืื™ื•ืช, ืžื” ืฉืžืงืฆืจ ืืช ื”ื–ืžืŸ ืœืคืชืจื•ืŸ ื•ืžื—ื–ืง ืืช ื”ื ื™ืชื•ื— ืœืื—ืจ ื”ืื™ืจื•ืข.

ื™ื™ืฉื•ื ืจื™ืฉื•ื ืžื•ื‘ื ื” ืœื ื™ืชื•ื— ืฆืคื•ื™

ื™ื•ืžื ื™ ืจื™ืฉื•ื ืžืกื•ืจืชื™ื™ื ืžื‘ื•ืกืกื™ ืžื—ืจื•ื–ื•ืช ืื™ื ื ืžืกืคื™ืงื™ื ืœื ื™ืชื•ื— ื”ืชื ื”ื’ื•ืช ืืกื™ื ื›ืจื•ื ื™ืช ืžื•ื“ืจื ื™ืช. ืจื™ืฉื•ื ืžื•ื‘ื ื” ืžืกืคืง ื ืชื•ื ื™ื ืงืจื™ืื™ื ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ืžื›ื•ื ื” ื•ืžืื•ื ื“ืงืกื™ื ืฉืคืœื˜ืคื•ืจืžื•ืช ื ื™ืชื•ื— ื™ื›ื•ืœื•ืช ืœื‘ืฆืข ืฉืื™ืœืชื•ืช ื‘ื™ืขื™ืœื•ืช. ืขืจื›ื™ื ื‘ืคื•ืจืžื˜ JSON, ืงื•ื“ื™ ืฉื’ื™ืื” ืกื˜ื ื“ืจื˜ื™ื™ื ื•ืฉื“ื•ืช ื”ืงืฉืจ ืขืงื‘ื™ื™ื ืžืืคืฉืจื™ื ืœืฆื™ื ื•ืจื•ืช ืื™ืจื•ืขื™ื ืœืขื‘ื“ ื™ื•ืžื ื™ ืจื™ืฉื•ื ืืกื™ื ื›ืจื•ื ื™ื™ื ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืื•ื˜ื•ืžื˜ื™.

ืจื™ืฉื•ื ืžื•ื‘ื ื” ืžื‘ื˜ื™ื— ื™ื›ื•ืœืช ื—ื™ื–ื•ื™. ืžื”ื ื“ืกื™ื ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœืกื ืŸ ืื™ืจื•ืขื™ื ืœืคื™ ืฉื ืคื•ื ืงืฆื™ื”, ืžืฉืš ื‘ื™ืฆื•ืข ืื• ืกื•ื’ ืฉื’ื™ืื”, ื•ื‘ื›ืš ืœื™ื™ืฆืจ ืชื•ื‘ื ื•ืช ืžื™ื™ื“ื™ื•ืช ืœื’ื‘ื™ ื‘ืขื™ื•ืช ื—ื•ื–ืจื•ืช. ื’ื™ืฉืช ืจื™ืฉื•ื ื–ื• ืชื•ืžื›ืช ื‘ืœื•ื—ื•ืช ืžื—ื•ื•ื ื™ื ืื•ื˜ื•ืžื˜ื™ื™ื ืฉืœ ื”ืชืจืื•ืช ื•ื‘ื™ืฆื•ืขื™ื ื‘ื“ื•ืžื” ืœืืœื” ื”ืžืฉืžืฉื™ื ื‘... ืžืขืงื‘ ืื—ืจ ืžื“ื“ื™ ื‘ื™ืฆื•ืขื™ ืชื•ื›ื ื”ืขื ื”ืชืงื“ืžื•ืช ื”ืžื•ื“ืจื ื™ื–ืฆื™ื”, ื™ื•ืžื ื™ ืจื™ืฉื•ื ืžื•ื‘ื ื™ื ืžืฉืžืฉื™ื ื’ื ื›ืžืขืจื›ื™ ื ืชื•ื ื™ื ืืจื•ื›ื™ ื˜ื•ื•ื— ืœื ื™ืชื•ื— ื ื™ื‘ื•ื™, ื”ืžืกื™ื™ืขื™ื ื‘ื–ื™ื”ื•ื™ ืžื’ืžื•ืช ื•ืคื’ื™ืขื•ื™ื•ืช ืœืคื ื™ ืฉื”ืŸ ืžืชื‘ื˜ืื•ืช ื›ืื™ืจื•ืขื™ื.

ืงื™ืฉื•ืจ ืชื•ื‘ื ื•ืช ื ื™ื˜ื•ืจ ืœืžืžืฉืœ ืžื•ื“ืจื ื™ื–ืฆื™ื”

ื ื™ื˜ื•ืจ ืžืื•ื—ื“ ื•ืจื™ืฉื•ื ืžื•ื‘ื ื” ืžืกืคืงื™ื ืฉืงื™ืคื•ืช ืชืคืขื•ืœื™ืช, ืืš ืžืœื•ื ื”ืคื•ื˜ื ืฆื™ืืœ ืฉืœื”ื ืžืชื’ืœื” ื›ืืฉืจ ื”ื ืžืฉืชืœื‘ื™ื ืขื ืžืกื’ืจื•ืช ืžืžืฉืœ. ืกืงื™ืจื•ืช ืœืื—ืจ ืื™ืจื•ืข, ื ื™ืชื•ื— ืชืœื•ืช ื•ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจื•ืช ืžื•ื“ืจื ื™ื–ืฆื™ื” ืžืกืชืžื›ื™ื ื›ื•ืœื ืขืœ ื˜ืœืžื˜ืจื™ื” ืžื“ื•ื™ืงืช. ื”ื–ื ืช ืชื•ื‘ื ื•ืช ื ื™ื˜ื•ืจ ืœืชื”ืœื™ื›ื™ ืžืžืฉืœ ืžื‘ื˜ื™ื—ื” ืฉื›ืœ ื‘ืขื™ื” ืฉื–ื•ื”ืชื” ืžืชื•ืจื’ืžืช ืœื”ื–ื“ืžื ื•ืช ืœืฉื™ืคื•ืจ ืžืชื•ืขื“ืช.

ืฉื™ืœื•ื‘ ืžืžืฉืœ ื–ื” ืžืฉืงืฃ ืืช ื”ืคืจืงื˜ื™ืงื•ืช ื”ืžืชื•ืืจื•ืช ื‘ ืคื™ืงื•ื— ืขืœ ืžืžืฉืœ ื‘ืžื•ืขืฆื•ืช ืžื•ื“ืจื ื™ื–ืฆื™ื” ืžื“ื•ืจ ืงื•ื“ื, ืฉื‘ื” ืžื“ื™ื“ื” ื•ืื—ืจื™ื•ืช ืžื ื—ื™ื ืืช ืงื‘ืœืช ื”ื”ื—ืœื˜ื•ืช. ืงื™ืฉื•ืจ ื ื™ื˜ื•ืจ ืืกื™ื ื›ืจื•ื ื™ ืขื ืžืžืฉืœ ืกื•ื’ืจ ืืช ื”ืžืขื’ืœ ื‘ื™ืŸ ื ืจืื•ืช ื˜ื›ื ื™ืช ืœืชื›ื ื•ืŸ ืืกื˜ืจื˜ื’ื™. ื›ืœ ื‘ืขื™ื” ืฉื–ื•ื”ืชื” ืชื•ืจืžืช ืœื—ื•ืกืŸ ื”ืื“ืจื™ื›ืœื™, ื•ื™ื•ืฆืจืช ืžืขื’ืœ ืžืฉื•ื‘ ื”ืžืฉืคืจ ื”ืŸ ืืช ืื™ื›ื•ืช ื”ืงื•ื“ ื•ื”ืŸ ืืช ื”ืžืฉืžืขืช ื”ืชืคืขื•ืœื™ืช.

SMART TS XLืžื™ืคื•ื™ ื•ืขื™ื‘ื•ื“ ืžื—ื“ืฉ ืฉืœ ืชืœื•ื™ื•ืช ืืกื™ื ื›ืจื•ื ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืงื ื” ืžื™ื“ื” ื’ื“ื•ืœ

ืžื•ื“ืจื ื™ื–ืฆื™ื” ืืกื™ื ื›ืจื•ื ื™ืช ื‘ืกื‘ื™ื‘ื•ืช ืืจื’ื•ื ื™ื•ืช ื“ื•ืจืฉืช ื ืจืื•ืช ืžืœืื” ืœื’ื‘ื™ ื”ืื•ืคืŸ ืฉื‘ื• ืคื•ื ืงืฆื™ื•ืช, ืžืžืฉืงื™ API ื•ืื™ื ื˜ื’ืจืฆื™ื•ืช ื—ื™ืฆื•ื ื™ื•ืช ืžืงื™ื™ืžื•ืช ืื™ื ื˜ืจืืงืฆื™ื”. ืœืœื ื ืจืื•ืช ื–ื•, ืžืขื‘ืจ ืž-callbacks ืœ-Promises ืื• async/wait ืžืกืชื›ืŸ ื‘ื”ืฆื’ืช ืชืœื•ื™ื•ืช ื—ื“ืฉื•ืช ืื• ื‘ื”ืฉืืจืช ืชืœื•ื™ื•ืช ื ืกืชืจื•ืช ืœื ืคืชื•ืจื•ืช. SMART TS XL ืžืกืคืง ืžืกื’ืจืช ืื ืœื™ื˜ื™ืช ืžืชืงื“ืžืช ื”ืžืืคืฉืจืช ืœืืจื’ื•ื ื™ื ืœื“ืžื™ื™ืŸ, ืœื”ื‘ื™ืŸ ื•ืœืขื‘ื“ ืžื—ื“ืฉ ืชืœื•ื™ื•ืช ืืœื• ืขืœ ืคื ื™ ื‘ืกื™ืกื™ ืงื•ื“ ื”ื™ื‘ืจื™ื“ื™ื™ื. ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ืฉื™ืœื•ื‘ ื ืชื•ื ื™ื ืกื˜ื˜ื™ื™ื ื•ื ืชื•ื ื™ื ื‘ื–ืžืŸ ืจื™ืฆื”, ื”ื™ื ืžืกื™ื™ืขืช ืœืฆื•ื•ืชื™ื ืœื‘ื•ื“ื“ ืฉืจืฉืจืื•ืช ืืกื™ื ื›ืจื•ื ื™ื•ืช, ืœื–ื”ื•ืช ืชืœื•ื™ื•ืช ื—ื•ืคืคื•ืช ื•ืœื”ืขืจื™ืš ืืช ื”ืฉืคืขืช ื”ืžื•ื“ืจื ื™ื–ืฆื™ื” ืœืคื ื™ ื™ื™ืฉื•ื ื›ืœ ืฉื™ื ื•ื™ ื‘ื™ื™ืฆื•ืจ.

ื”ืคืœื˜ืคื•ืจืžื” ืžื’ืฉืจืช ืขืœ ื”ืคืขืจ ื‘ื™ืŸ ืžื•ืจื›ื‘ื•ืช ืฉืœ ืžืขืจื›ื•ืช ืžื“ื•ืจ ืงื•ื“ื ืœื‘ื™ืŸ ื‘ื”ื™ืจื•ืช ื”ืžื•ื“ืจื ื™ื–ืฆื™ื”. ื”ื™ื ืžืžืคื” ืงืฉืจื™ื ืืกื™ื ื›ืจื•ื ื™ื™ื ื‘ื™ืŸ ื™ื™ืฉื•ืžื™ื, ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ื ื•ื–ืจื™ืžื•ืช ื ืชื•ื ื™ื, ื•ืžืฆื™ื’ื” ืื•ืชื ื›ืžื•ื“ืœื™ื ื—ื–ื•ืชื™ื™ื ืžื•ื‘ื ื™ื. ืชื•ื‘ื ื•ืช ืืœื• ืžืคื—ื™ืชื•ืช ืืช ื–ืžืŸ ื”ื”ืชืื•ืฉืฉื•ืช ื”ืžืžื•ืฆืข (MTTR), ืžืฉืคืจื•ืช ืืช ื™ื›ื•ืœืช ื”ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช ื•ืžื ื—ื•ืช ืžืคืชื—ื™ื ืœื“ืคื•ืกื™ ืžื•ื“ืจื ื™ื–ืฆื™ื” ื‘ื˜ื•ื—ื™ื ื™ื•ืชืจ. ื™ื›ื•ืœืช ื–ื• ืชื•ืืžืช ืืช ื”ืขืงืจื•ื ื•ืช ื”ืžืคื•ืจื˜ื™ื ื‘... ื“ื•ื—ื•ืช xref ืขื‘ื•ืจ ืžืขืจื›ื•ืช ืžื•ื“ืจื ื™ื•ืช ื• ื‘ื“ื™ืงื•ืช ืชื•ื›ื ื” ืœื ื™ืชื•ื— ื”ืฉืคืขื”, ื”ืคื™ื›ืช ืžื•ื“ื™ืขื™ืŸ ืชืœื•ืช ืœืืกื˜ืจื˜ื’ื™ื™ืช ืžื•ื“ืจื ื™ื–ืฆื™ื” ืคืจื•ืืงื˜ื™ื‘ื™ืช.

ื‘ื ื™ื™ืช ืžืคื•ืช ืชืœื•ืช ืืกื™ื ื›ืจื•ื ื™ื•ืช ืขื ืžื•ื“ืขื•ืช ื‘ื™ืŸ-ื˜ื›ื ื•ืœื•ื’ื™ื•ืช

SMART TS XL ืœื•ื›ื“ ืงืฉืจื™ื ืืกื™ื ื›ืจื•ื ื™ื™ื ื‘ื™ืŸ ืฉืคื•ืช ืชื›ื ื•ืช ื•ืžืกื’ืจื•ืช ืฉื•ื ื•ืช. ื‘ืกื‘ื™ื‘ื•ืช ืžืจื•ื‘ื•ืช ืฉื›ื‘ื•ืช, ืงืจื™ืื•ืช ืืกื™ื ื›ืจื•ื ื™ื•ืช ืขืฉื•ื™ื•ืช ืœื ื‘ื•ืข ืž-JavaScript ืืš ื”ืŸ ืชืœื•ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ COBOL ื‘ืžื•ืจื“ ื”ื–ืจื, ืžืกื“ื™ ื ืชื•ื ื™ื ืฉืœ SQL ืื• ืžืžืฉืงื™ API ืฉืœ REST. ื”ืžื•ื“ืขื•ืช ื—ื•ืฆืช ื”ื˜ื›ื ื•ืœื•ื’ื™ื•ืช ืฉืœ ื”ื›ืœื™ ืžื‘ื˜ื™ื—ื” ืฉืงื™ืฉื•ืจื™ื ืืœื” ืžื™ื•ืฆื’ื™ื ื‘ืžื“ื•ื™ืง, ื•ืžืกืคืงืช ืชืžื•ื ื” ืžืœืื” ืฉืœ ืžืขืจื›ื•ืช ืชืœื•ื™ื•ืช ื–ื• ื‘ื–ื•.

ืชื”ืœื™ืš ื”ืžื™ืคื•ื™ ืžืฉืœื‘ ื ืชื•ื ื™ื ืžื‘ื ื™ื™ื ืžืงื•ื“ ื”ืžืงื•ืจ ืขื ื˜ืœืžื˜ืจื™ื” ืžื ื™ื˜ื•ืจ ื–ืžืŸ ืจื™ืฆื”. ื›ืœ ืคื•ื ืงืฆื™ื” ืืกื™ื ื›ืจื•ื ื™ืช ืžื ื•ืชื—ืช ืขื‘ื•ืจ ื˜ืจื™ื’ืจื™ื, ืชืœื•ื™ื•ืช ื•ื”ืชืคืฉื˜ื•ืช ื›ืฉืœ ืคื•ื˜ื ืฆื™ืืœื™ืช. ื–ื” ื™ื•ืฆืจ ืžื•ื“ืœ ืชืœื•ืช ืžืื•ื—ื“ ื”ืžืฉืชืจืข ืขืœ ืคื ื™ ื ืชื™ื‘ื™ ื‘ื™ืฆื•ืข ืกื™ื ื›ืจื•ื ื™ื™ื ื•ืืกื™ื ื›ืจื•ื ื™ื™ื ื›ืื—ื“. ื”ื’ื™ืฉื” ื“ื•ืžื” ืœื–ื• ื”ืžืฉืžืฉืช ื‘- ื ื™ืชื•ื— ืกื˜ื˜ื™ ืขื‘ื•ืจ JCL ื‘ืžื™ื™ื ืคืจื™ื™ื ืžื•ื“ืจื ื™, ืฉื‘ื” ื ืจืื•ืช ืžืงื™ืคื” ืžืืคืฉืจืช ืœืฆื•ื•ืชื™ ืžื•ื“ืจื ื™ื–ืฆื™ื” ืœื ื”ืœ ืžื•ืจื›ื‘ื•ืช ื‘ื™ืขื™ืœื•ืช. ื‘ืขื–ืจืช ืžื™ืคื•ื™ ืชืœื•ื™ื•ืช ืžื“ื•ื™ืง, ื ื™ืชืŸ ืœื‘ืฆืข ืขื™ื‘ื•ื“ ืžื—ื“ืฉ ื‘ื‘ื™ื˜ื—ื•ืŸ, ื‘ื™ื“ื™ืขื” ืฉื”ืจืฆื™ืคื•ืช ื”ืชืคืขื•ืœื™ืช ื ืฉืžืจืช.

ื‘ื™ื“ื•ื“ ืฉืจืฉืจืื•ืช ืืกื™ื ื›ืจื•ื ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืกื™ื›ื•ืŸ ื’ื‘ื•ื” ืœืคื ื™ ืžื•ื“ืจื ื™ื–ืฆื™ื”

ืœืคื ื™ ื”ื”ื’ื™ืจื”, SMART TS XL ืžื–ื”ื” ืื™ืœื• ืฉืจืฉืจืื•ืช ืฉื™ื—ื•ืช ืืกื™ื ื›ืจื•ื ื™ื•ืช ืžืฆื™ื’ื•ืช ืืช ื”ืกื™ื›ื•ืŸ ื”ืชืคืขื•ืœื™ ืื• ื”ื‘ื™ืฆื•ืขื™ ื”ื’ื‘ื•ื” ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ. ืฉืจืฉืจืื•ืช ืืœื• ื›ื•ืœืœื•ืช ืœืขืชื™ื ืงืจื•ื‘ื•ืช ืจื›ื™ื‘ื™ื ืžืจื•ื‘ื™ื ื”ืžื—ื•ื‘ืจื™ื ื–ื” ืœื–ื”, ืืฉืจ ื—ื•ืœืงื™ื ื ืชื•ื ื™ื ืžืฉื•ืชืคื™ื ืื• ืžืกืชืžื›ื™ื ืขืœ ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ื ื—ื™ืฆื•ื ื™ื™ื. ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ื“ื™ืจื•ื’ ืชืœื•ื™ื•ืช ืœืคื™ ืžื•ืจื›ื‘ื•ืช, ืชื“ื™ืจื•ืช ื–ืžืŸ ืจื™ืฆื” ื•ื”ืกืชื‘ืจื•ืช ืœื›ืฉืœ, ืฆื•ื•ืชื™ื ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœืžืงื“ ืžื•ื“ืจื ื™ื–ืฆื™ื” ื‘ืžืงื•ื ื‘ื• ื”ื™ื ืžื ื™ื‘ื” ืืช ื”ืขืจืš ื”ืจื‘ ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ.

ืกื“ืจ ืขื“ื™ืคื•ื™ื•ืช ื–ื” ืชื•ืื ืืช ื”ืืกื˜ืจื˜ื’ื™ื•ืช ื”ืžืชื•ืืจื•ืช ื‘ ืžื ื™ืขืช ื›ืฉืœื™ื ืžื“ื•ืจื’ื™ื ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ื ื™ืชื•ื— ื”ืฉืคืขื•ืชืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ื‘ื™ื“ื•ื“ ืžื•ืงื“ื ืฉืœ ื ืชื™ื‘ื™ื ืืกื™ื ื›ืจื•ื ื™ื™ื ื‘ืกื™ื›ื•ืŸ ื’ื‘ื•ื”, SMART TS XL ืžืืคืฉืจ ืœืžืคืชื—ื™ื ืœื™ื™ืฉื ื˜ื›ื ื™ืงื•ืช ื”ื’ื™ืจื” ื‘ืฉืœื‘ื™ื ืžื‘ื•ืงืจื™ื. ืฆื•ื•ืชื™ื ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœื‘ืฆืข ืฉื™ื ื•ื™ื™ื ื‘ืžืงื˜ืข ืื—ื“ ื‘ื›ืœ ืคืขื, ืœืืžืช ื‘ื™ืฆื•ืขื™ื ื•ืœืืฉืจ ื”ืชื ื”ื’ื•ืช ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ื‘ื“ื™ืงื•ืช ืžื•ื“ืขื•ืช ืœืชืœื•ืช. ืชื”ืœื™ืš ื–ื” ืžืžื–ืขืจ ืฉื™ื‘ื•ืฉื™ื ื•ืžื•ื ืข ืจื’ืจืกื™ื”, ื•ืžื‘ื˜ื™ื— ืฉื”ืžื•ื“ืจื ื™ื–ืฆื™ื” ืžืฉืคืจืช ืืช ื”ื—ื•ืกืŸ ื‘ืžืงื•ื ืœืคื’ื•ืข ื‘ื•.

ืฉื™ืœื•ื‘ ืžื•ื“ื™ืขื™ืŸ ืชืœื•ืช ื‘ืฆื™ื ื•ืจื•ืช ืžื•ื“ืจื ื™ื–ืฆื™ื”

SMART TS XL ืื™ื ื• ืคื•ืขืœ ื›ื›ืœื™ ืื‘ื—ื•ืŸ ืขืฆืžืื™. ื”ืชื•ื‘ื ื•ืช ืฉืœื• ืžืฉืชืœื‘ื•ืช ื™ืฉื™ืจื•ืช ื‘ืฆื™ื ื•ืจื•ืช CI/CD ื•ืžื•ื“ืจื ื™ื–ืฆื™ื”, ื•ืžืืคืฉืจื•ืช ืœื‘ื™ื ืช ืชืœื•ื™ื•ืช ืœื”ื ื—ื•ืช ืืช ื”ืคื™ืชื•ื— ื•ื”ื‘ื“ื™ืงื•ืช. ื›ืœ ืฉื™ื ื•ื™ ืงื•ื“ ืžื ื•ืชื— ืื•ื˜ื•ืžื˜ื™ืช ืœืื™ืชื•ืจ ืชืœื•ื™ื•ืช ื—ื“ืฉื•ืช ืื• ืฉื”ืฉืชื ื•. ืื ืฉื™ื ื•ื™ ืžืฆื™ื’ ืงื™ืฉื•ืจ ืืกื™ื ื›ืจื•ื ื™ ื‘ืœืชื™ ืฆืคื•ื™ ืื• ืžืกื™ืจ ื—ื™ื‘ื•ืจ ืงืจื™ื˜ื™, ื”ืžืขืจื›ืช ืžืกืžื ืช ืื•ืชื• ืœื‘ื“ื™ืงื”.

ืฉื™ืœื•ื‘ ื–ื” ืžืฉืงืฃ ืืช ื”ืคืจืงื˜ื™ืงื•ืช ื”ืžืชื•ืืจื•ืช ื‘ ืืกื˜ืจื˜ื’ื™ื•ืช ืื™ื ื˜ื’ืจืฆื™ื” ืจืฆื™ืคื” ืœืฉื™ืคื•ืฅ ืžื™ื™ื ืคืจื™ื™ื ื•ืžื•ื“ืจื ื™ื–ืฆื™ื” ืฉืœ ืžืขืจื›ื•ืชืฉื™ืœื•ื‘ ื‘ื“ื™ืงื•ืช ืชืœื•ืช ื‘ืฆื™ื ื•ืจ ื”ืืกืคืงื” โ€‹โ€‹ืžื•ื ืข ืกื˜ื™ื™ื” ืืจื›ื™ื˜ืงื˜ื•ื ื™ืช ื•ืื•ื›ืฃ ื ื™ื”ื•ืœ ืžื•ื“ืจื ื™ื–ืฆื™ื”. ื›ืชื•ืฆืื” ืžื›ืš, ื›ืœ ืื™ื˜ืจืฆื™ื” ืฉื•ืžืจืช ืขืœ ืฉืงื™ืคื•ืช, ื•ืžืคื—ื™ืชื” ื”ืŸ ืืช ื”ืกื™ื›ื•ืŸ ื”ืชืคืขื•ืœื™ ื•ื”ืŸ ืืช ืขืœื•ื™ื•ืช ื”ืขื™ื‘ื•ื“ ืžื—ื“ืฉ.

ืชืžื™ื›ื” ื‘ืฆืคื™ื™ื” ืจืฆื™ืคื” ืœืื•ืจืš ืžื•ื“ืจื ื™ื–ืฆื™ื” ืืกื™ื ื›ืจื•ื ื™ืช

ืžืขื‘ืจ ืœืฉื—ื–ื•ืจ, SMART TS XL ืชื•ืžืš ื‘ืชืฆืคื™ืช ืจืฆื™ืคื” ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ืฉืžื™ืจื” ืขืœ ืกื ื›ืจื•ืŸ ื—ื™ ื‘ื™ืŸ ืžืคื•ืช ืชืœื•ืช ื•ื”ืชื ื”ื’ื•ืช ื–ืžืŸ ืจื™ืฆื”. ื›ื›ืœ ืฉื”ืžืขืจื›ืช ืžืชืคืชื—ืช, ืคื•ื ืงืฆื™ื•ืช ืืกื™ื ื›ืจื•ื ื™ื•ืช ื—ื“ืฉื•ืช, ืงืจื™ืื•ืช API ื•ื˜ืจื™ื’ืจื™ื ืฉืœ ืื™ืจื•ืขื™ื ื ืœื›ื“ื™ื ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืื•ื˜ื•ืžื˜ื™. ืกื ื›ืจื•ืŸ ืจืฆื™ืฃ ื–ื” ืžื‘ื˜ื™ื— ืฉืฆื•ื•ืชื™ ื”ืžื•ื“ืจื ื™ื–ืฆื™ื” ื™ืขื‘ื“ื• ืชืžื™ื“ ืขื ืžื™ื“ืข ืžืขื•ื“ื›ืŸ.

ื™ื›ื•ืœื•ืช ื”ืชืฆืคื™ืช ืชื•ืืžื•ืช ืงืฉืจ ื”ื“ื•ืง ืœืขืงืจื•ื ื•ืช ื”ื ื™ื˜ื•ืจ ืฉื ื“ื•ื ื• ื‘ ืชืคืงื™ื“ ื”ื˜ืœืžื˜ืจื™ื” ื‘ื ื™ืชื•ื— ื”ืฉืคืขื•ืชืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ืฉื™ืœื•ื‘ ื˜ืœืžื˜ืจื™ื” ืขื ืžื™ืคื•ื™ ืชืœื•ืช, SMART TS XL ื”ื•ืคืš ืžื•ื“ืจื ื™ื–ืฆื™ื” ืืกื™ื ื›ืจื•ื ื™ืช ืœืชื”ืœื™ืš ืžื“ื™ื“, ืฆืคื•ื™ ื•ืžืชืขื“ ืืช ืขืฆืžื•. ืฆื•ื•ืชื™ื ืžืงื‘ืœื™ื ื’ื ืžื‘ื˜ ื‘ืจืžืช ื”ืžืืงืจื• ืฉืœ ืฉื™ื ื•ื™ ืื“ืจื™ื›ืœื™ ื•ื’ื ื”ื‘ื ื” ื‘ืจืžืช ื”ืžื™ืงืจื• ืฉืœ ืชืคืงื™ื“ื” ืฉืœ ื›ืœ ืชืœื•ืช ื‘ื‘ื™ืฆื•ืขื™ื ื•ื‘ื™ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืช.

ืฉืžื™ืจื” ืขืœ ืชื ื•ืคืช ื”ืžื•ื“ืจื ื™ื–ืฆื™ื” ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ืืจื›ื™ื˜ืงื˜ื•ืจื” ืืกื™ื ื›ืจื•ื ื™ืช ืฆืคื•ื™ื”

ืžื•ื“ืจื ื™ื–ืฆื™ื” ืฉืœ ืงื•ื“ ืืกื™ื ื›ืจื•ื ื™ ืž-callbacks ืœ-Promises ื•-async/await ืžื™ื™ืฆื’ืช ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžืืฉืจ ื”ื’ื™ืจื” ื˜ื›ื ื™ืช. ื”ื™ื ืžืกืžื ืช ืื‘ื•ืœื•ืฆื™ื” ืžื‘ื ื™ืช ื•ืชืจื‘ื•ืชื™ืช ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืฉื‘ื• ืืจื’ื•ื ื™ื ื ื™ื’ืฉื™ื ืœืืžื™ื ื•ืช, ืชื—ื–ื•ืงื” ื•ืžื“ืจื’ื™ื•ืช ืฉืœ ืชื•ื›ื ื”. ืžื•ื“ืจื ื™ื–ืฆื™ื” ืืžื™ืชื™ืช ื ืžื“ื“ืช ืœื ืจืง ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ืฉื™ืคื•ืจ ืชื—ื‘ื™ืจื™ ืืœื ื’ื ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ื™ื›ื•ืœืช ื—ื™ื–ื•ื™ - ื”ื™ื›ื•ืœืช ืœื”ื‘ื™ืŸ, ืœื ื˜ืจ ื•ืœื”ืชืื•ืฉืฉ ืžืืชื’ืจื™ื ืชืคืขื•ืœื™ื™ื ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืขืงื‘ื™. ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ืฆืžืฆื•ื ืชืœื•ืช ื ืกืชืจื•ืช ื•ื”ื›ื ืกืช ื–ืจื™ืžืช ื‘ืงืจื” ืืกื™ื ื›ืจื•ื ื™ืช ืื—ื™ื“ื”, ืืจื’ื•ื ื™ื ื”ื•ืคื›ื™ื ืžืขืจื›ื•ืช ืžื•ืจื›ื‘ื•ืช ืžื•ื ื—ื•ืช ืื™ืจื•ืขื™ื ืœืืจื›ื™ื˜ืงื˜ื•ืจื•ืช ื™ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืช ื•ื ื™ืชื ื•ืช ืœืชื—ื–ื•ืงื” ื”ืžืกื•ื’ืœื•ืช ืœืฆืžื™ื—ื” ืžืชืžืฉื›ืช.

ืชื”ืœื™ืš ื”ื”ื’ื™ืจื” ื“ื•ืจืฉ ื“ื™ื•ืง ื•ืกื‘ืœื ื•ืช. ื›ืœ ืฉืœื‘, ื”ื—ืœ ืžื”ืขืจื›ืช ืžื•ื›ื ื•ืช ื•ืขื“ ื ื™ืชื•ื— ืชืœื•ืช ื•ื‘ื“ื™ืงื•ืช, ืชื•ืจื ืœื”ืžืฉื›ื™ื•ืช ืชืคืขื•ืœื™ืช. ืืจื’ื•ื ื™ื ื”ืžื ืกื™ื ื›ืชื™ื‘ื” ืžื—ื“ืฉ ืžื”ื™ืจื” ื ืชืงืœื™ื ืœืขืชื™ื ืงืจื•ื‘ื•ืช ื‘ืกื™ื›ื•ื ื™ ืจื’ืจืกื™ื”, ื‘ืขื•ื“ ืฉืืœื• ื”ืžืืžืฆื™ื ืžื•ื“ืจื ื™ื–ืฆื™ื” ื”ื“ืจื’ืชื™ืช ื ื”ื ื™ื ืžื™ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืช ืžื“ื™ื“ื” ื‘ื›ืœ ืฉืœื‘. ืขื ื›ืœ ื”ืžืจื” ืžื•ืฆืœื—ืช, ื”ืฉืงื™ืคื•ืช ื”ืืกื™ื ื›ืจื•ื ื™ืช ืขื•ืœื” ื•ื”ื—ื•ื‘ ื”ื˜ื›ื ื™ ืคื•ื—ืช. ื”ืขืงืจื•ื ื•ืช ืชื•ืืžื™ื ืืช ืฉื™ื˜ื•ืช ื”ืžื•ื“ืจื ื™ื–ืฆื™ื” ื”ืžื•ื‘ื ื•ืช ืฉื ืžืฆืื• ื‘... ื“ืคื•ืกื™ ืื™ื ื˜ื’ืจืฆื™ื” ืืจื’ื•ื ื™ื™ื, ืฉื‘ื• ื™ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืช ื•ื‘ื”ื™ืจื•ืช ืžื˜ื•ืคืœื•ืช ื›ื ื›ืกื™ื ืืกื˜ืจื˜ื’ื™ื™ื.

ื—ืฉื•ื‘ ืœื ืคื—ื•ืช ื”ื•ื ืฉืžื™ืจื” ืขืœ ื ืจืื•ืช ืœืื—ืจ ื”ืžืขื‘ืจ. ื‘ื“ื™ืงื•ืช, ืจื™ืฉื•ื ื•ื ื™ื˜ื•ืจ ืžืื•ื—ื“ ืžื‘ื˜ื™ื—ื™ื ืฉืžืขืจื›ื•ืช ืืกื™ื ื›ืจื•ื ื™ื•ืช ื™ื™ืฉืืจื• ื ื™ืชื ื•ืช ืœืฆืคื™ื™ื” ื›ื›ืœ ืฉื”ืŸ ืžืชืคืชื—ื•ืช. ื‘ืขื–ืจืช ืžื ื’ื ื•ื ื™ื ืืœื”, ื›ืœ ืคื•ื ืงืฆื™ื” ืฉืขื‘ืจื” ืฉื™ื ื•ื™ื™ื ืชื•ืจืžืช ืœื ืจืง ืœืฉื™ืคื•ืจ ืื™ื›ื•ืช ื”ืงื•ื“ ืืœื ื’ื ืœืžืขืงื‘ ืžืฉื•ืคืจ ืื—ืจ ืื™ืจื•ืขื™ื ื•ืœืฉื—ื–ื•ืจ ืžื”ื™ืจ ื™ื•ืชืจ. ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ื™ื™ืฉื•ืจ ืชื•ื‘ื ื•ืช ืชืคืขื•ืœื™ื•ืช ืขื ืคื™ืงื•ื— ืขืœ ืžืžืฉืœ, ื”ืžื•ื“ืจื ื™ื–ืฆื™ื” ื—ื“ืœื” ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืื™ืจื•ืข ื—ื“ ืคืขืžื™ ื•ื”ื•ืคื›ืช ืœืชื—ื•ื ื‘ื™ืฆื•ืขื™ื ืžืชืžืฉืš.

SMART TS XL ืžืจื—ื™ื‘ ืชื—ื•ื ื–ื” ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ืžืชืŸ ืžื•ื“ืขื•ืช ื‘ืจืžืช ื”ืชืœื•ืช ื‘ื›ืœ ืฉืœื‘ื™ ื”ืžื•ื“ืจื ื™ื–ืฆื™ื”. ื ื™ืชื•ื— ื—ื•ืฆืช ื”ืคืœื˜ืคื•ืจืžื•ืช, ื˜ืœืžื˜ืจื™ื” ื‘ื–ืžืŸ ืจื™ืฆื” ื•ืžื™ืคื•ื™ ื”ืชืœื•ืช ื‘ื–ืžืŸ ืืžืช ืžืืคืฉืจื™ื ืœืืจื’ื•ื ื™ื ืœื‘ืฆืข ืžื•ื“ืจื ื™ื–ืฆื™ื” ืืกื™ื ื›ืจื•ื ื™ืช ื‘ื‘ื™ื˜ื—ื•ืŸ. ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ื‘ื™ื ื” ืžืื•ื—ื“ืช ื–ื•, ืฆื•ื•ืชื™ื ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœื–ื”ื•ืช ื•ืœื‘ืฆืข ืžื—ื“ืฉ ืฉืจืฉืจืื•ืช ื ืกืชืจื•ืช, ืœืžื ื•ืข ื›ืฉืœื™ื ืžื“ื•ืจื’ื™ื ื•ืœื”ืื™ืฅ ืืช ื‘ื™ืฆื•ืขื™ ื”ืžืขืจื›ืช ืœืœื ืกื™ื›ื•ืŸ ื™ื™ืฆื•ืจ. SMART TS XL ืžืืคืฉืจ ืœืืจื’ื•ื ื™ื ืœื”ืคื•ืš ืžื•ืจื›ื‘ื•ืช ืืกื™ื ื›ืจื•ื ื™ืช ืœื‘ื”ื™ืจื•ืช ืชืคืขื•ืœื™ืช, ืชื•ืš ื”ื‘ื˜ื—ื” ืฉื”ืžื•ื“ืจื ื™ื–ืฆื™ื” ืชืกืคืง ื—ื•ืกืŸ ืžื“ื™ื“, ื™ื›ื•ืœืช ื”ืจื—ื‘ื” ื•ื”ืžืฉื›ื™ื•ืช ืขืกืงื™ืช ืืจื•ื›ืช ื˜ื•ื•ื—.