ืื™ืžื•ืช ื—ื•ืกืŸ ื™ื™ืฉื•ืžื™ื ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ืžื“ื“ื™ ื”ื–ืจืงืช ืชืงืœื•ืช

ืื™ืžื•ืช ื—ื•ืกืŸ ื™ื™ืฉื•ืžื™ื ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ืžื“ื“ื™ ื”ื–ืจืงืช ืชืงืœื•ืช

ืืจื’ื•ื ื™ื ืžื•ื“ืจื ื™ื™ื ืžืชืžื•ื“ื“ื™ื ืขื ืœื—ืฅ ื’ื•ื‘ืจ ืœืืžืช ืืช ืขืžื™ื“ื•ืชื ืฉืœ ื™ื™ืฉื•ืžื™ื ืžื‘ื•ื–ืจื™ื ื”ืคื•ืขืœื™ื ืชื—ืช ื“ืจื™ืฉื•ืช ื‘ื™ืฆื•ืขื™ื, ืชืื™ืžื•ืช ื•ื–ืžื™ื ื•ืช ืžื—ืžื™ืจื•ืช. ื›ื›ืœ ืฉืžืขืจื›ื•ืช ืžืชืจื—ื‘ื•ืช ืขืœ ืคื ื™ ืกื‘ื™ื‘ื•ืช ื”ื™ื‘ืจื™ื“ื™ื•ืช, ื”ืชื ื”ื’ื•ืชืŸ ื”ื•ืคื›ืช ืงืฉื” ื™ื•ืชืจ ืœื—ื™ื–ื•ื™, ืžื” ืฉื”ื•ืคืš ืืช ื’ื™ืฉื•ืช ื”ื‘ื“ื™ืงื” ื”ืžืกื•ืจืชื™ื•ืช ืœืœื ืžืกืคื™ืงื•ืช ืœื—ืฉื™ืคืช ืชืœื•ื™ื•ืช ืฉื‘ื™ืจื•ืช ืื• ืกื™ื›ื•ื ื™ื ืชืคืขื•ืœื™ื™ื ืžื“ื•ืจื’ื™ื. ืฆื•ื•ืชื™ื ืžืกืชืžื›ื™ื ืœืขืชื™ื ืงืจื•ื‘ื•ืช ืขืœ ื“ืคื•ืกื™ื ืฉื ืฆืคื• ื‘ืื™ืจื•ืขื™ื ืืžื™ืชื™ื™ื, ืืš ืืœื” ืื™ื ื ื—ื•ืฉืคื™ื ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืžื”ื™ืžืŸ ืคื’ื™ืขื•ื™ื•ืช ืžื‘ื ื™ื•ืช ืขืžื•ืงื•ืช ื™ื•ืชืจ, ื”ืžื•ืกืชืจื•ืช ื‘ืชื•ืš ื ืชื™ื‘ื™ ื–ืžืŸ ืจื™ืฆื” ืžื•ืจื›ื‘ื™ื. ื”ืชืžื•ื“ื“ื•ืช ืขื ืคืขืจ ื–ื” ื“ื•ืจืฉืช ืฉื™ืžื•ืฉ ืžืžื•ืฉืžืข ื‘ืžื“ื“ื™ ื”ื–ืจืงืช ืชืงืœื•ืช ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืขืจื™ืš ื›ื™ืฆื“ ื™ื™ืฉื•ืžื™ื ืžืชื ื”ื’ื™ื ื›ืืฉืจ ืจื›ื™ื‘ื™ื ืงืจื™ื˜ื™ื™ื ืžืชื›ืœื™ื ืื• ื ื›ืฉืœื™ื.

ื”ืขืจื›ื•ืช ื—ื•ืกืŸ ื”ื•ืคื›ื•ืช ืœื™ืขื™ืœื•ืช ื™ื•ืชืจ ื›ืืฉืจ ื”ืŸ ื ืชืžื›ื•ืช ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ื ื™ืชื•ื— ืžืคื•ืจื˜ ืฉืœ ื”ืชื ื”ื’ื•ืช ื”ืžืขืจื›ืช ื‘ืชืจื—ื™ืฉื™ื ืชืคืขื•ืœื™ื™ื ืฉื•ื ื™ื. ื˜ื›ื ื™ืงื•ืช ื”ืžืฉืžืฉื•ืช ืœื–ื™ื”ื•ื™ ื‘ืขื™ื•ืช ื›ื’ื•ืŸ ื’ื™ืœื•ื™ ื ืชื™ื‘ื™ ืงื•ื“ ื ืกืชืจื™ื ืื• ื”ื‘ื ื” ืžื•ืจื›ื‘ื•ืช ื–ืจื™ืžืช ื”ืฉืœื™ื˜ื” ืžืกืคืงื™ื ื”ืงืฉืจ ื‘ืขืœ ืขืจืš ื”ืžื—ื–ืง ืืช ืชื›ื ื•ืŸ ื”ื–ืจืงืช ื”ืชืงืœื•ืช. ืงื™ืฉื•ืจื™ื ืืœื” ืขื•ื–ืจื™ื ืœืฆื•ื•ืชื™ ื”ื ื“ืกื” ืœืงื‘ื•ืข ื”ื™ื›ืŸ ื›ืฉืœื™ื ืขืœื•ืœื™ื ืœื”ืชืคืฉื˜ ื•ืื™ืœื• ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ื ืฆืคื•ื™ื™ื ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ืœื’ืจื•ื ืœื—ื•ืกืจ ื™ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืช ื›ืœืœ-ืžืขืจื›ืชื™ืช. ื›ืืฉืจ ื”ื ืžืฉื•ืœื‘ื™ื ืžื•ืงื“ื ื‘ื–ืจื™ืžื•ืช ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ืฉืœ ืื™ืžื•ืช, ืชื•ื‘ื ื•ืช ื›ืืœื” ืžืคื—ื™ืชื•ืช ืืช ื”ืกื‘ื™ืจื•ืช ืœื ืงื•ื“ื•ืช ืžืชื•ืช ืฉืคื•ื’ืขื•ืช ื‘ืืžื™ื ื•ืช ื”ื™ื™ืฆื•ืจ.

ืื™ืžื•ืช ื™ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืช ื”ืžืขืจื›ืช

Smart TS XL ืžืงืฉืจ ื‘ื™ืŸ ืชื•ืฆืื•ืช ืชืงืœื•ืช ืœื‘ื™ืŸ ื ืชื™ื‘ื™ ืงื•ื“ ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืื™ืฅ ืืช ืชื™ืงื•ืŸ ื”ื—ื•ืกืŸ.

ื’ืœื” ืขื›ืฉื™ื•

ืžื“ื“ื™ ื”ื–ืจืงืช ืชืงืœื•ืช ื ื”ื ื™ื ื’ื ืžื ื›ื•ื ื•ืช ืœืžืืคื™ื™ื ื™ ื–ืžืŸ ืจื™ืฆื” ื”ืžืฉืคื™ืขื™ื ืขืœ ืชื’ื•ื‘ืช ื”ืืคืœื™ืงืฆื™ื” ืชื—ืช ืœื—ืฅ. ืฉื™ืคื•ืจื™ ืฆืคื™ื™ื” ื”ืชื•ืžื›ื™ื ื‘ืžืขืงื‘ ืžืคื•ืจื˜ ืื—ืจ ืื™ืจื•ืขื™ื, ื›ื’ื•ืŸ ื”ื’ื™ืฉื•ืช ื”ืžืชื•ืืจื•ืช ื‘ ื ื™ืชื•ื— ื–ืžืŸ ืจื™ืฆื”, ืขื•ื–ืจื™ื ืœืืจื’ื•ื ื™ื ืœื–ื”ื•ืช ื“ืคื•ืกื™ื ื”ื—ื•ื–ื™ื ื”ื™ื“ืจื“ืจื•ืช ื‘ืฉื™ืจื•ืช. ื›ืืฉืจ ืื™ื ื“ื™ืงื˜ื•ืจื™ื ื”ืชื ื”ื’ื•ืชื™ื™ื ืืœื” ืžืฉื•ืœื‘ื™ื ืขื ืชืจื—ื™ืฉื™ ื›ืฉืœ ืžืžื•ืงื“ื™ื, ืฆื•ื•ืชื™ ื”ื ื“ืกื” ืžืงื‘ืœื™ื ืืช ื”ื™ื›ื•ืœืช ืœื›ืžืช ืืช ืขืงื‘ื™ื•ืช ื”ื”ืชืื•ืฉืฉื•ืช ื•ืœืืฉืจ ื”ืื ืืกื˜ืจื˜ื’ื™ื•ืช ื—ื•ืกืŸ ืžืชืคืงื“ื•ืช ื›ืžืชื•ื›ื ืŸ ื‘ืกื‘ื™ื‘ื•ืช ื—ื™ื™ื. ื–ื” ืžืกืคืง ื”ืขืจื›ื” ืžื“ื•ื™ืงืช ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžืืฉืจ ื—ื‘ื™ืœื•ืช ื‘ื“ื™ืงื•ืช ืกื˜ื˜ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืœื‘ื“.

ืืจื’ื•ื ื™ื ื”ืžืกืชืžื›ื™ื ืขืœ ืื™ืžื•ืช ื—ื•ืกืŸ ืžื•ื‘ื ื” ืžืฆื•ื™ื“ื™ื ื˜ื•ื‘ ื™ื•ืชืจ ืœื–ื”ื•ืช ื ืชื™ื‘ื™ ืงื•ื“ ืฉื‘ื™ืจื™ื, ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ื‘ืฉื’ื™ืื•ืช ืœื ืžื™ื•ืฉืจ ื•ืื™ืœื•ืฆื™ื ืื“ืจื™ื›ืœื™ื™ื ืฉืœืขืชื™ื ืงืจื•ื‘ื•ืช ืื™ื ื ืžื•ืจื’ืฉื™ื ื‘ืžื”ืœืš ื ื™ื˜ื•ืจ ืชืคืขื•ืœื™ ืฉื’ืจืชื™. ืชื•ื‘ื ื•ืช ื”ืžืชืงื‘ืœื•ืช ืžืชืจื’ื™ืœื™ ื”ื–ืจืงืช ืชืงืœื•ืช, ื”ื ืชืžื›ื•ืช ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ื˜ื›ื ื™ืงื•ืช ื ื™ืชื•ื— ื”ืžืฉืžืฉื•ืช ื‘... ื‘ื“ื™ืงื•ืช ืจื’ืจืกื™ื” ื‘ื™ืฆื•ืขื™ื, ืœื”ืขืฆื™ื ืฆื•ื•ืชื™ื ืœื—ื–ืง ืืช ืฉื™ื˜ื•ืช ื”ื ื“ืกืช ื”ืืžื™ื ื•ืช ื•ืœื”ืคื—ื™ืช ืกื™ื›ื•ื ื™ื ืชืคืขื•ืœื™ื™ื ืœื˜ื•ื•ื— ืืจื•ืš. ื›ื›ืœ ืฉื™ื™ืฉื•ืžื™ื ืชื•ืžื›ื™ื ื™ื•ืชืจ ื•ื™ื•ืชืจ ื‘ืชื”ืœื™ื›ื™ื ืงืจื™ื˜ื™ื™ื ืœืžืฉื™ืžื”, ืื™ืžื•ืช ื—ื•ืกืŸ ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ืžื“ื“ื™ ื”ื–ืจืงืช ืชืงืœื•ืช ืžื“ื™ื“ื™ื ื”ื•ืคืš ืœืžืจื›ื™ื‘ ื—ื™ื•ื ื™ ื‘ืื‘ื˜ื—ืช ืชื•ื›ื ื” ืžื•ื“ืจื ื™ืช.

ืชื•ื›ืŸ ื”ืขื ื™ื™ื ื™ื

ื”ื‘ื ืช ืื™ืžื•ืช ื—ื•ืกืŸ ื‘ืžืขืจื›ื•ืช ืžื•ื“ืจื ื™ื•ืช

ืื™ืžื•ืช ื—ื•ืกืŸ ื”ืคืš ืœื“ืจื™ืฉื” ืžืจื›ื–ื™ืช ืขื‘ื•ืจ ื™ื™ืฉื•ืžื™ื ืืจื’ื•ื ื™ื™ื ื”ืคื•ืขืœื™ื ื‘ืกื‘ื™ื‘ื•ืช ืžื‘ื•ื–ืจื•ืช ื•ืชืœื•ื™ื•ืช ื–ื• ื‘ื–ื• ืžืื•ื“. ืืจื›ื™ื˜ืงื˜ื•ืจื•ืช ืžืขืจื›ืช ืžื•ื“ืจื ื™ื•ืช ืžืฉืชืจืขื•ืช ืขืœ ืคื ื™ ืขื•ืžืกื™ ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ืžืงื•ืžื™ื™ื, ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ ืขื ืŸ, ืžืกื’ืจื•ืช ืชื–ืžื•ืจ ื•ืื™ื ื˜ื’ืจืฆื™ื•ืช ืžื’ื•ื•ื ื•ืช ื”ืžื•ื ืขื•ืช ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ API. ื–ื” ื™ื•ืฆืจ ืชื ืื™ื ืฉื‘ื”ื ื›ืฉืœื™ื ื ื•ื‘ืขื™ื ืœื ืจืง ืžืคื’ืžื™ื ื‘ืจืžืช ื”ืงื•ื“, ืืœื ื’ื ืžืื™ื ื˜ืจืืงืฆื™ื•ืช ื‘ืœืชื™ ืฆืคื•ื™ื•ืช ื‘ื™ืŸ ืจื›ื™ื‘ื™ื ื”ืคื•ืขืœื™ื ื‘ื• ื–ืžื ื™ืช. ื”ื‘ื ืช ื”ืชื ื”ื’ื•ืชืŸ ืฉืœ ืžืขืจื›ื•ืช ืืœื• ื“ื•ืจืฉืช ืžืขื‘ืจ ืžื‘ื“ื™ืงื•ืช ื–ืžื™ื ื•ืช ืžืกื•ืจืชื™ื•ืช ืœื”ืขืจื›ื•ืช ื—ื•ืกืŸ ืžื•ื‘ื ื•ืช ื”ืžืขืจื™ื›ื•ืช ื›ื™ืฆื“ ื”ื™ื™ืฉื•ื ืžื’ื™ื‘ ืœืฉื™ื‘ื•ืฉื™ื ืžื‘ื•ืงืจื™ื. ื”ืขืจื›ื•ืช ืืœื• ืžื–ื”ื•ืช ื—ื•ืœืฉื•ืช ืžืขืจื›ืชื™ื•ืช ื•ื—ื•ืฉืคื•ืช ื›ื™ืฆื“ ืชืœื•ื™ื•ืช ืžืฉืคื™ืขื•ืช ืขืœ ื™ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืช ืชืคืขื•ืœื™ืช ื‘ืชื ืื™ ืชืงืœื”.

ื”ืžื•ืจื›ื‘ื•ืช ื”ื’ื•ื‘ืจืช ืฉืœ ืžืขืจื›ื•ืช ืืจื’ื•ื ื™ื•ืช ืžื’ื‘ื™ืจื” ืืช ื”ื—ืฉื™ื‘ื•ืช ืฉืœ ืฉื™ื˜ื•ืช ืื™ืžื•ืช ืงืคื“ื ื™ื•ืช ื”ืžืฉืงืคื•ืช ื“ื™ื ืžื™ืงืช ื›ืฉืœ ืžืฆื™ืื•ืชื™ืช. ืกืงื™ืจื•ืช ืกื˜ื˜ื™ื•ืช ืฉืœ ืจื›ื™ื‘ื™ ืžืขืจื›ืช ื™ื›ื•ืœื•ืช ืœื—ืฉื•ืฃ ื‘ืขื™ื•ืช ืžื‘ื ื™ื•ืช, ืืš ื”ืŸ ืื™ื ืŸ ืžืกืคืงื•ืช ืชื•ื‘ื ื•ืช ืœื’ื‘ื™ ื”ืื•ืคืŸ ืฉื‘ื• ืชื ืื™ ืขื•ืžืก ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ืืžื™ืชื™ื™ื ืžืฉืคื™ืขื™ื ืขืœ ื”ืžืฉื›ื™ื•ืช ื”ืฉื™ืจื•ืช. ื˜ื›ื ื™ืงื•ืช ื”ืžืฉืžืฉื•ืช ืœื”ืขืจื›ืช ืกื™ื›ื•ื ื™ ืžืงื‘ื™ืœื™ื•ืช, ื›ื’ื•ืŸ ืืœื• ืฉื ื—ืงืจื• ื‘ืžื—ืงืจื™ื ืฉืœ ืžื—ืœื•ืงืช ืฉืจืฉื•ืจ, ืžื“ื’ื™ืฉื™ื ื›ื™ืฆื“ ื“ืคื•ืกื™ ื‘ื™ืฆื•ืข ืžืฉืชื ื™ื ืชื—ืช ืขื•ืžืก ื•ืžื“ื•ืข ืื™ืžื•ืช ื—ื•ืกืŸ ื—ื™ื™ื‘ ืœื›ืœื•ืœ ืชืจื—ื™ืฉื™ ืœื—ืฅ ืžื‘ื•ืงืจื™ื. ืืจื’ื•ื ื™ื ื”ืžืชืžืงื“ื™ื ื‘ืจืื™ื•ืช ื”ืชื ื”ื’ื•ืชื™ื•ืช ื•ืœื ื‘ืชื•ืฆืื•ืช ื‘ื“ื™ืงื” ื‘ื•ื“ื“ื•ืช ืžืงื‘ืœื™ื ืชื•ื‘ื ื” ื‘ืจื•ืจื” ื™ื•ืชืจ ืœื’ื‘ื™ ื”ืื•ืคืŸ ืฉื‘ื• ื”ื”ื™ื“ืจื“ืจื•ืช ืžืชืคืชื—ืช ื•ืื™ืœื• ืจื›ื™ื‘ื™ื ื“ื•ืจืฉื™ื ื—ื™ื–ื•ืง ืื“ืจื™ื›ืœื™ ื›ื“ื™ ืœืขืžื•ื“ ื‘ื™ืขื“ื™ ื—ื•ืกืŸ.

ื–ื™ื”ื•ื™ ืชืœื•ื™ื•ืช ืงืจื™ื˜ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืืจื›ื™ื˜ืงื˜ื•ืจื•ืช ืžื‘ื•ื–ืจื•ืช

ืžืขืจื›ื•ืช ืืจื’ื•ื ื™ื•ืช ืชืœื•ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืจืฉืช ืจื—ื‘ื” ืฉืœ ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ื ืžื—ื•ื‘ืจื™ื ื”ืžืคื™ืฆื™ื ื ืชื•ื ื™ื, ืื™ืจื•ืขื™ ื˜ืจื ื–ืงืฆื™ื•ืช ื•ืžืฆื‘ ืชืคืขื•ืœื™ ืขืœ ืคื ื™ ืฉื›ื‘ื•ืช ืžืจื•ื‘ื•ืช. ื›ืืฉืจ ืžื‘ืฆืขื™ื ืชืจื’ื™ืœื™ ื”ื–ืจืงืช ืชืงืœื•ืช, ื”ืืชื’ืจ ื”ืจืืฉื•ืŸ ื”ื•ื ืœืงื‘ื•ืข ืื™ืœื• ืชืœื•ื™ื•ืช ื”ืŸ ืงืจื™ื˜ื™ื•ืช ืœื”ืชื ื”ื’ื•ืช ื”ืžืขืจื›ืช ื”ื›ื•ืœืœืช. ื–ื™ื”ื•ื™ ืชืœื•ื™ื•ืช ืืœื• ื“ื•ืจืฉ ื”ืขืจื›ื” ืžื“ื•ืงื“ืงืช ืฉืœ ืžื‘ื ื™ ืงืจื™ืื”, ื ืชื™ื‘ื™ ื‘ื™ืฆื•ืข ื•ื ืงื•ื“ื•ืช ืื™ื ื˜ืจืืงืฆื™ื” ื”ืžืฉืคื™ืขื•ืช ืขืœ ืื•ืคืŸ ื”ืชืคืฉื˜ื•ืช ื›ืฉืœื™ื. ืฆื•ื•ืชื™ื ืžืชื—ื™ืœื™ื ืœืขืชื™ื ืงืจื•ื‘ื•ืช ื‘ื‘ื—ื™ื ืช ืžืงื˜ืขื™ ื”ืงื•ื“ ื”ืื—ืจืื™ื ืขืœ ืชื™ืื•ื ื–ืจื™ืžื•ืช ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ื•ืžืฉืื‘ื™ื ืžืฉื•ืชืคื™ื, ืžื›ื™ื•ื•ืŸ ืฉืจื›ื™ื‘ื™ื ืืœื• ื ื•ื˜ื™ื ืœื”ื’ื‘ื™ืจ ืืช ื”ื”ืฉืคืขื” ืฉืœ ืฉื™ื‘ื•ืฉื™ื ืžืงื•ืžื™ื™ื. ื”ื‘ื ืช ื”ืื•ืคืŸ ืฉื‘ื• ื ืชื•ื ื™ื ื–ื•ืจืžื™ื ื‘ืจื—ื‘ื™ ื”ืžืขืจื›ืช ื”ื™ื ื—ื™ื•ื ื™ืช, ื‘ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ ื‘ืกื‘ื™ื‘ื•ืช ื‘ื”ืŸ ืžื™ืงืจื•-ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ื ืื• ืคื•ื ืงืฆื™ื•ืช ืžื“ื•ืจ ืงื•ื“ื ืžื•ื“ื•ืœืจื™ื•ืช ืžืกืชืžื›ื•ืช ืขืœ ืชืงืฉื•ืจืช ืืกื™ื ื›ืจื•ื ื™ืช.

ืžื™ืคื•ื™ ืชืœื•ื™ื•ืช ืืœื• ื”ื•ืคืš ื™ืขื™ืœ ื™ื•ืชืจ ื›ืืฉืจ ื”ื•ื ื ืชืžืš ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ื ื™ืชื•ื— ืกื˜ื˜ื™ ื•ื ื™ืชื•ื— ื‘ื–ืžืŸ ืจื™ืฆื” ืฉื—ื•ืฉืฃ ืื™ื ื˜ืจืืงืฆื™ื•ืช ื ืกืชืจื•ืช ืื• ื–ืจื™ืžื•ืช ืชื”ืœื™ื›ื™ื ืœื ืžืชื•ืขื“ื•ืช. ื˜ื›ื ื™ืงื•ืช ืœื’ื™ืœื•ื™ ื ืชื™ื‘ื™ ืคืขื•ืœื” ื ืกืชืจื™ื, ื›ื’ื•ืŸ ืืœื• ื”ืžื•ืฆื’ื•ืช ื‘ืžื—ืงืจ ืขืœ ืื™ื ื“ื™ืงื˜ื•ืจื™ื ืฉืœ ืงื•ื“ ืกืคื’ื˜ื™, ืžืกืคืงื™ื ื”ืงืฉืจ ืงืจื™ื˜ื™ ืœืคื™ืจื•ืฉ ืชื•ืฆืื•ืช ื‘ื“ื™ืงื•ืช ื”ื–ืจืงืช ืชืงืœื•ืช. ืชื•ื‘ื ื•ืช ืืœื• ืžืืคืฉืจื•ืช ืœืฆื•ื•ืชื™ ื”ื ื“ืกื” ืœื”ื‘ื—ื™ืŸ ื‘ื™ืŸ ื›ืฉืœื™ื ืฉื ืจืื™ื ืžื‘ื•ื“ื“ื™ื ืœื‘ื™ืŸ ื›ืฉืœื™ื ื”ืžืขื™ื“ื™ื ืขืœ ืœื™ืงื•ื™ื™ื ืืจื›ื™ื˜ืงื˜ื•ื ื™ื™ื ืขืžื•ืงื™ื ื™ื•ืชืจ. ื›ืืฉืจ ืชืœื•ื™ื•ืช ืžื•ื’ื“ืจื•ืช ื‘ื‘ื™ืจื•ืจ, ื ื™ืชืŸ ืœืžืงื“ ืชืจื—ื™ืฉื™ ืชืงืœื•ืช ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืขืจื™ืš ืืช ื—ื•ืกืŸ ื”ืžืขืจื›ืช ื›ื ื’ื“ ืฉื™ื‘ื•ืฉื™ื ื™ืฉื™ืจื™ื ื•ืฉื™ื‘ื•ืฉื™ื ืžื“ื•ืจื’ื™ื ื›ืื—ื“.

ืืจื’ื•ื ื™ื ืžืจื•ื•ื™ื—ื™ื ืžืฉื™ืœื•ื‘ ื”ืขืจื›ืช ืชืœื•ืช ื‘ืฉืœื‘ ืžื•ืงื“ื ืฉืœ ืชื”ืœื™ืš ืชื›ื ื•ืŸ ื”ื—ื•ืกืŸ. ื“ื™ืื’ืจืžื•ืช ืืจื›ื™ื˜ืงื˜ื•ื ื™ื•ืช ืœื‘ื“ืŸ ื›ืžืขื˜ ื•ืœื ืœื•ื›ื“ื•ืช ืืช ื”ืžื•ืจื›ื‘ื•ืช ื”ืืžื™ืชื™ืช ืฉืœ ืื™ื ื˜ืจืืงืฆื™ื•ืช ืชืคืขื•ืœื™ื•ืช, ื‘ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ ื›ืืฉืจ ืžืขืจื›ื•ืช ืžืชืคืชื—ื•ืช ืœืื•ืจืš ืฉื ื™ื ืจื‘ื•ืช ืฉืœ ืขื“ื›ื•ื ื™ื ืื™ื˜ืจื˜ื™ื‘ื™ื™ื. ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ืฉื™ืœื•ื‘ ื ื™ืชื•ื— ืื•ื˜ื•ืžื˜ื™ ื•ืžืขืงื‘ ืžืงื™ืฃ, ืืจื’ื•ื ื™ื ื‘ื•ื ื™ื ื™ื™ืฆื•ื’ ืžื“ื•ื™ืง ืฉืœ ื”ืชื ื”ื’ื•ืช ื‘ื–ืžืŸ ืจื™ืฆื” ื”ืชื•ืžืš ื‘ืชื›ื ื•ืŸ ื”ื–ืจืงืช ืชืงืœื•ืช ืžืฉืžืขื•ืชื™. ื–ื” ืžืคื—ื™ืช ืืช ื”ืกื‘ื™ืจื•ืช ืฉืžืกืœื•ืœื™ ื›ืฉืœ ื—ืฉื•ื‘ื™ื ื™ื™ืฉืืจื• ื‘ืœืชื™ ืžืชื’ืœื™ื ืขื“ ืฉื”ื ืžืชื‘ื˜ืื™ื ื‘ื™ื™ืฆื•ืจ. ื›ืชื•ืฆืื” ืžื›ืš, ืฆื•ื•ืชื™ื ืžืงื‘ืœื™ื ื‘ืกื™ืก ืžื•ื‘ื ื” ืœืื™ืžื•ืช ื—ื•ืกืŸ ื”ืชื•ืื ืืช ื”ื“ื™ื ืžื™ืงื” ื”ืชืคืขื•ืœื™ืช ื‘ืขื•ืœื ื”ืืžื™ืชื™ ื•ืœื ืืช ื”ื”ื ื—ื•ืช ื”ืคืฉื•ื˜ื•ืช.

ื›ืืฉืจ ืชืœื•ืช ืงืจื™ื˜ื™ื•ืช ืžื•ื‘ื ื•ืช ื”ื™ื˜ื‘, ืชืจื’ื™ืœื™ ื”ื–ืจืงืช ืชืงืœื•ืช ื”ื•ืคื›ื™ื ืœื—ื–ื•ื™ื™ื ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžื‘ื—ื™ื ืช ื”ืžื“ื“ื™ื ืฉื”ื ืžื™ื™ืฆืจื™ื. ืฆื•ื•ืชื™ื ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœื”ืขืจื™ืš ืืช ื”ื™ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืช ืฉืœ ื–ืจื™ืžื•ืช ืขืกืงืื•ืช ืžืจื›ื–ื™ื•ืช, ืืช ื”ื™ื›ื•ืœืช ืฉืœ ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ื ื‘ื•ื“ื“ื™ื ืœื‘ื•ื“ื“ ืื• ืœื”ื›ื™ืœ ื›ืฉืœื™ื, ื•ืืช ื”ื—ื•ืกืŸ ื”ื›ื•ืœืœ ืฉืœ ื“ืคื•ืกื™ ืชืงืฉื•ืจืช ืžื‘ื•ื–ืจื™ื. ืชื•ื‘ื ื•ืช ืืœื• ืชื•ืžื›ื•ืช ื‘ืงื‘ืœืช ื”ื—ืœื˜ื•ืช ื‘ื ื•ื’ืข ืœืขื™ืฆื•ื‘ ืžื—ื“ืฉ, ืฉื™ืคื•ืฅ ืื• ืžื•ื“ืจื ื™ื–ืฆื™ื” ืกืœืงื˜ื™ื‘ื™ืช. ื”ืŸ ื’ื ืžืกืคืงื•ืช ืจืื™ื•ืช ืžื“ื™ื“ื•ืช ืœืžืืžืฆื™ ืžืžืฉืœ ืžืชืžืฉื›ื™ื, ื•ืžื‘ื˜ื™ื—ื•ืช ืฉื—ื•ืกืŸ ื™ื™ืฉืืจ ื”ื™ื‘ื˜ ื›ืžื•ืชื™ ืฉืœ ืื™ื›ื•ืช ื”ืžืขืจื›ืช ื•ืœื ืžื˜ืจื” ืฉืืคืชื ื™ืช.

ื”ืขืจื›ืช ื”ืชื ื”ื’ื•ืช ืžืขืจื›ืช ื‘ืชื ืื™ ื›ืฉืœ ืžื‘ื•ืงืจื™ื

ื”ื–ืจืงืช ืชืงืœื•ืช ืžืกืคืงืช ืืžืฆืขื™ ืžืžื•ืฉืžืข ืœืื™ืžื•ืช ื”ืื•ืคืŸ ืฉื‘ื• ื™ื™ืฉื•ืžื™ื ืžื’ื™ื‘ื™ื ื›ืืฉืจ ืจื›ื™ื‘ื™ื ื—ื™ื•ื ื™ื™ื ืžืชื›ืœื™ื ืื• ื ื›ืฉืœื™ื. ื‘ื ื™ื’ื•ื“ ืœื‘ื“ื™ืงื•ืช ืขื•ืžืก ืกื™ื ืชื˜ื™ื•ืช ืื• ืกื™ืžื•ืœืฆื™ื•ืช ื›ืฉืœ ืžื•ื ื—ื•ืช ื™ื—ื™ื“ื”, ืชืจื—ื™ืฉื™ ืชืงืœื•ืช ืžื‘ื•ืงืจื™ื ืžื›ื ื™ืกื™ื ื‘ืžื›ื•ื•ืŸ ืฉื™ื‘ื•ืฉื™ื ืœื”ืงืฉืจื™ื ืชืคืขื•ืœื™ื™ื ืกืคืฆื™ืคื™ื™ื. ื”ืงืฉืจื™ื ืืœื” ืขืฉื•ื™ื™ื ืœื›ืœื•ืœ ื—ืกื™ืžื” ื‘ืจืฉืช, ืชื’ื•ื‘ื•ืช ืžืื•ื—ืจื•ืช ืžืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ ืžืขืœื”, ืžื˜ืขื ื™ื ืคื’ื•ืžื™ื, ืขื ืคื™ ืœื•ื’ื™ืงื” ื‘ืœืชื™ ืฆืคื•ื™ื™ื ืื• ืจื•ื•ื™ื” ื‘ืžืฉืื‘ื™ื. ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ื”ืชื‘ื•ื ื ื•ืช ื‘ื”ืชื ื”ื’ื•ืช ื”ืžืขืจื›ืช ื‘ืชื ืื™ื ืืœื”, ืฆื•ื•ืชื™ ื”ื ื“ืกื” ืžืฉื™ื’ื™ื ืจืื™ื•ืช ืœืื•ืคืŸ ืฉื‘ื• ื”ื™ื™ืฉื•ื ืžืชืื•ืฉืฉ, ืžื‘ื•ื“ื“ ืืช ื”ืชืงืœื” ืื• ื ื›ื ืก ืœืžืฆื‘ื™ ืชืคืขื•ืœ ืคื’ื•ืžื™ื.

ื”ืขืจื›ื” ืžื“ื•ื™ืงืช ื“ื•ืจืฉืช ืžื™ื“ื•ืœ ืžื“ื•ื™ืง ืฉืœ ืชื ืื™ ื›ืฉืœ, ื‘ื”ืชืื ืœื“ืคื•ืกื™ ืชืคืขื•ืœ ืžืฆื™ืื•ืชื™ื™ื. ืฉื™ื‘ื•ืฉื™ื ืžื‘ื•ืงืจื™ื ื—ื™ื™ื‘ื™ื ืœืฉืงืฃ ืกื™ื›ื•ื ื™ื ืžืžืฉื™ื™ื ื•ืœื ืชืจื—ื™ืฉื™ื ืชื™ืื•ืจื˜ื™ื™ื. ื–ื” ื›ื•ืœืœ ืฉื™ืงื•ืœื™ ืชื–ืžื•ืŸ, ื—ืœื•ืงืช ืขื•ืžืกื™ ืขื‘ื•ื“ื”, ื”ืฉืคืขื•ืช ืžืงื‘ื™ืœื™ื•ืช ื•ืฉื•ื ื•ืช ื ืชื•ื ื™ื. ืชื•ื‘ื ื” ืœื’ื‘ื™ ืžื“ื“ื™ ืœื—ืฅ ื‘ืขื•ืœื ื”ืืžื™ืชื™ ื”ื™ื ื—ื™ื•ื ื™ืช, ื•ื ื™ืชืŸ ืœืชืžื•ืš ื‘ื›ืš ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ื ื™ืชื•ื— ืฉืœ ืฆื•ื•ืืจื™ ื‘ืงื‘ื•ืง ื‘ื‘ื™ืฆื•ืขื™ื ื›ืžื• ืืœื” ืฉื ื“ื•ื ื• ื‘ืžื—ืงืจื™ื ืฉืœ ืชืคื•ืงื” ืœืขื•ืžืช ืชื’ื•ื‘ื”ื”ื‘ื ืช ื”ืื•ืคืŸ ืฉื‘ื• ืชื’ื•ื‘ืช ื”ื™ื™ืฉื•ืžื™ื ืžืฉืชื ื” ืชื—ืช ืขื•ืžืก ืขื•ื–ืจืช ืœืฆื•ื•ืชื™ื ืœืงื‘ื•ืข ืื™ืœื• ืชืจื—ื™ืฉื™ ืชืงืœื” ืฆืคื•ื™ื™ื ืœื—ืฉื•ืฃ ื—ื•ืœืฉื•ืช ื‘ื—ื•ืกืŸ.

ืžื“ื™ื“ืช ื”ืชื ื”ื’ื•ืช ื”ืžืขืจื›ืช ื‘ืชื ืื™ ื›ืฉืœ ืžื‘ื•ืงืจื™ื ื—ื™ื™ื‘ืช ืœื”ืจื—ื™ื‘ ืžืขื‘ืจ ืœืชื•ืฆืื•ืช ื”ืฆืœื—ื” ืื• ื›ืฉืœ. ื”ืขืจื›ื•ืช ื™ืขื™ืœื•ืช ืขื•ืงื‘ื•ืช ืื—ืจ ื”ื–ืžืŸ ื”ื ื“ืจืฉ ืœื’ื™ืœื•ื™ ื”ืชืงืœื”, ืžืฉืš ื”ืคื’ื™ืขื” ื‘ืฉื™ืจื•ืช, ื“ื™ื•ืง ืžื ื’ื ื•ื ื™ ื’ื™ื‘ื•ื™ ื•ืืžื™ื ื•ืช ืจืฆืคื™ ื”ื”ืชืื•ืฉืฉื•ืช. ื›ืœื™ ื ื™ื˜ื•ืจ ื”ืžืกืคืงื™ื ื ืจืื•ืช ืœื‘ื™ืฆื•ืข ืจื‘-ืฉืœื‘ื™ ืžืืคืฉืจื™ื ืœืฆื•ื•ืชื™ื ืœืœื›ื•ื“ ื˜ืœืžื˜ืจื™ื” ืžืคื•ืจื˜ืช ื‘ืžื”ืœืš ืื™ืจื•ืข ื”ืชืงืœื”. ื–ื” ืชื•ืžืš ื‘ื–ื™ื”ื•ื™ ืื ื•ืžืœื™ื•ืช ืขื“ื™ื ื•ืช ืฉืงื•ื“ืžื•ืช ืœื›ืฉืœื™ื ื’ื“ื•ืœื™ื, ื•ืžืืคืฉืจ ืœืืจื’ื•ื ื™ื ืœื˜ืคืœ ื‘ื”ืŸ ืœืคื ื™ ืฉื”ืŸ ืžืชืคืชื—ื•ืช ืœืฉื™ื‘ื•ืฉื™ื ื‘ืจืžืช ื”ืื™ืจื•ืข.

ืฆื•ื•ืชื™ื ื”ืžื‘ืฆืขื™ื ื”ื–ืจืงืช ืชืงืœื•ืช ืขื ืžืชื•ื“ื•ืœื•ื’ื™ื” ืขืงื‘ื™ืช ืžืงื‘ืœื™ื ืืช ื”ื™ื›ื•ืœืช ืœื”ืฉื•ื•ืช ืชื•ืฆืื•ืช ืœืื•ืจืš ื–ืžืŸ ื•ืœืืžืช ืืช ื™ืขื™ืœื•ืชื ืฉืœ ืฉื™ืคื•ืจื™ื ืืจื›ื™ื˜ืงื˜ื•ื ื™ื™ื. ื›ืืฉืจ ืชืจื—ื™ืฉื™ื ื—ื•ื–ืจื™ื ืžื“ื’ื™ืžื™ื ืžืฉื›ื™ ื”ืชืื•ืฉืฉื•ืช ืงืฆืจื™ื ื™ื•ืชืจ, ื’ื‘ื•ืœื•ืช ื‘ื™ื“ื•ื“ ื—ื–ืงื™ื ื™ื•ืชืจ ืื• ื”ืชื ื”ื’ื•ืช ื’ื™ื‘ื•ื™ ืฆืคื•ื™ื” ื™ื•ืชืจ, ืืจื’ื•ื ื™ื ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœื•ื•ื“ื ืฉื™ื•ื–ืžื•ืช ื—ื•ืกืŸ ืžืกืคืงื•ืช ืขืจืš ืžื“ื™ื“. ื–ื” ื”ื•ืคืš ืืช ื”ืขืจื›ืช ื”ืชืงืœื•ืช ื”ืžื‘ื•ืงืจืช ืœืžืจื›ื™ื‘ ื™ืกื•ื“ื™ ื‘ื”ื ื“ืกืช ืืžื™ื ื•ืช ืืจื’ื•ื ื™ืช, ื•ืžืืคืฉืจ ืœืžื ื”ื™ื’ื™ื ื˜ื›ื ื™ื™ื ืœื”ืชืื™ื ืืช ืฆื™ืคื™ื•ืช ื”ื‘ื™ืฆื•ืขื™ื ืœืจืื™ื•ืช ืงื•ื ืงืจื˜ื™ื•ืช.

ืžื™ืคื•ื™ ื”ืชืคืฉื˜ื•ืช ื›ืฉืœ ื•ืกื™ื›ื•ื ื™ ืจื“ื™ื•ืก ืคื™ืฆื•ืฅ

ื ื™ืชื•ื— ื”ืชืคืฉื˜ื•ืช ื›ืฉืœ ื”ื•ื ืžืจื›ื™ื‘ ืงืจื™ื˜ื™ ื‘ืื™ืžื•ืช ื—ื•ืกืŸ, ืžื›ื™ื•ื•ืŸ ืฉืžืขืจื›ื•ืช ืžื•ื“ืจื ื™ื•ืช ืœืขื™ืชื™ื ืงืจื•ื‘ื•ืช ืžืฆื™ื’ื•ืช ื”ืชื ื”ื’ื•ืช ืœื ืœื™ื ืืจื™ืช ื›ืืฉืจ ืžืชืจื—ืฉื•ืช ืชืงืœื•ืช. ื›ืฉืœ ืžืงื•ืžื™ ื‘ืจื›ื™ื‘ ืื—ื“ ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื”ืชืจื—ื‘ ืœื”ืคืกืงื” ืจื—ื‘ื” ื™ื•ืชืจ ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ืžืฉืื‘ื™ื ืžืฉื•ืชืคื™ื, ืฆื™ื ื•ืจื•ืช ื ืชื•ื ื™ื ืื• ืฉื›ื‘ื•ืช ืชื–ืžื•ืจ. ื”ื–ืจืงืช ืชืงืœื•ืช ืชื•ืžื›ืช ื‘ื ื™ืชื•ื— ื–ื” ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ื—ืฉื™ืคืช ื”ื ืชื™ื‘ื™ื ื”ืกืคืฆื™ืคื™ื™ื ืฉื“ืจื›ื ืžืชืคืฉื˜ื•ืช ื”ืคืจืขื•ืช ื•ื–ื™ื”ื•ื™ ืื™ืœื• ืืœืžื ื˜ื™ื ืื“ืจื™ื›ืœื™ื™ื ืชื•ืจืžื™ื ืœื”ืชืจื—ื‘ื•ืช ืจื“ื™ื•ืก ื”ืคื™ืฆื•ืฅ. ืžื™ืคื•ื™ ืžืกืœื•ืœื™ื ืืœื” ื“ื•ืจืฉ ื”ื‘ื ื” ืฉืœ ื”ืื•ืคืŸ ืฉื‘ื• ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ื ืžืงื™ื™ืžื™ื ืื™ื ื˜ืจืืงืฆื™ื” ื‘ืชื ืื™ื ืจื’ื™ืœื™ื ื•ื‘ืชื ืื™ื ืคื’ื•ืžื™ื.

ื”ืขืจื›ืช ืจื“ื™ื•ืก ื”ืคื™ืฆื•ืฅ ืžืชื—ื™ืœื” ื‘ืžืขืงื‘ ืื—ืจ ืชืœื•ืช ืขืกืงื™ื•ืช ื•ืชืคืขื•ืœื™ื•ืช ื”ืžืงืฉืจื•ืช ืฉื™ืจื•ืช ืื—ื“ ืœืื—ืจ. ื’ื™ืฉื” ืฉื™ืžื•ืฉื™ืช ื”ื™ื ืœื ืชื— ืืช ื”ืคื•ื˜ื ืฆื™ืืœ ืœื”ืฉืคืขื•ืช ืžื“ื•ืจื’ื•ืช ื‘ืชื•ืš ืฉื›ื‘ื•ืช ืชืงืฉื•ืจืช ืื• ืžืงื˜ืขื™ ืœื•ื’ื™ืงืช ื‘ืงืจื”. ื›ืœื™ื ื”ื—ื•ืฉืคื™ื ืงืฉืจื™ื ืžื‘ื ื™ื™ื, ื›ื’ื•ืŸ ื˜ื›ื ื™ืงื•ืช ื ื™ืชื•ื— ื–ืจื™ืžื” ืกื˜ื˜ื™ืช, ื”ืžื•ื–ื›ืจื•ืช ื‘ื”ืขืจื›ื•ืช ืฉืœ ื–ืจื™ืžืช ื ืชื•ื ื™ื ื•ื‘ืงืจื”, ืขื•ื–ืจื™ื ืœื”ืžื—ื™ืฉ ื”ื™ื›ืŸ ื”ืคืจืขื•ืช ืขืœื•ืœื•ืช ืœื”ืชืคืฉื˜ ืœืžืขืจื›ื•ืช ืžื—ื•ื‘ืจื•ืช. ื–ื” ืชื•ืžืš ื‘ืชื›ื ื•ืŸ ืชืจื—ื™ืฉื™ ืชืงืœื•ืช ืฉืžืขืจื™ื›ื™ื ืืช ื—ื•ื–ืงื ืฉืœ ืžื ื’ื ื•ื ื™ ื‘ื™ื“ื•ื“ ืฉื ื•ืขื“ื• ืœื”ื›ื™ืœ ื›ืฉืœื™ื.

ื”ื‘ื ื” ืžืคื•ืจื˜ืช ืฉืœ ื”ืชืคืฉื˜ื•ืช ื›ืฉืœื™ื ื™ื›ื•ืœื” ืœื”ืฉืคื™ืข ื”ืŸ ืขืœ ืืกื˜ืจื˜ื’ื™ื•ืช ืืจื›ื™ื˜ืงื˜ื•ื ื™ื•ืช ื•ื”ืŸ ืขืœ ืืกื˜ืจื˜ื’ื™ื•ืช ืชืคืขื•ืœื™ื•ืช ืœื”ืคื—ืชืช ืกื™ื›ื•ืŸ ืžืขืจื›ืชื™. ืœื“ื•ื’ืžื”, ื ื™ืชื•ืง ืชืœื•ื™ื•ืช, ืžืคืกืงื™ ื–ืจื ื—ื–ืงื™ื ื™ื•ืชืจ, ืœื•ื’ื™ืงืช ื ื™ืกื™ื•ืŸ ื—ื•ื–ืจ ืžืฉื•ืคืจืช ืื• ื’ื™ืฉื•ืช ืื—ืกื•ืŸ ื‘ืžื˜ืžื•ืŸ ืžื‘ื•ื–ืจื•ืช, ื›ื•ืœื ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœื”ื’ื‘ื™ืœ ืืช ืชื ื•ืขืช ื”ื”ืคืจืขื•ืช ืขืœ ืคื ื™ ื’ื‘ื•ืœื•ืช ื”ืฉื™ืจื•ืช. ืฉื™ืคื•ืจื™ื ืืœื” ื”ื•ืคื›ื™ื ืœื™ืขื™ืœื™ื ื™ื•ืชืจ ื›ืืฉืจ ื”ื ืžื•ื ื—ื™ื ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ืชื•ืฆืื•ืช ื”ื–ืจืงืช ืชืงืœื•ืช ืืžื™ืชื™ื•ืช ืฉืžื›ืžืชื•ืช ืืช ื”ื”ืฉืคืขื” ืฉืœ ื”ืชืคืฉื˜ื•ืช ื›ืฉืœื™ื. ืฆื•ื•ืชื™ื ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœื”ืขืจื™ืš ื”ืื ืืกื˜ืจื˜ื’ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืœื™ืžื” ืคื•ืขืœื•ืช ื›ืฆืคื•ื™ ื•ื”ืื ื”ื”ืชื ื”ื’ื•ืช ื”ื ืฆืคื™ืช ืชื•ืืžืช ืืช ื™ืขื“ื™ ื”ื”ืชืื•ืฉืฉื•ืช.

ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ืชื™ืขื•ื“ ืžืืคื™ื™ื ื™ ืจื“ื™ื•ืก ื”ืคื™ืฆื•ืฅ, ืืจื’ื•ื ื™ื ื™ื•ืฆืจื™ื ื‘ืกื™ืก ืœืฉื™ืคื•ืจื™ ื—ื•ืกืŸ ืžืžื•ืงื“ื™ื. ืžื“ื“ื™ื ืฉืขื•ืงื‘ื™ื ืื—ืจ ื”ื™ืงืฃ ื”ืชืคืฉื˜ื•ืช ื”ื›ืฉืœ, ืžืฉืš ื”ื”ืชืคืฉื˜ื•ืช ื•ืื™ืœื• ืจื›ื™ื‘ื™ื ืคื’ื™ืขื™ื ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžืกืคืงื™ื ื ืชื•ื ื™ื ืžืขืฉื™ื™ื ืœืงื‘ื™ืขืช ืกื“ืจื™ ืขื“ื™ืคื•ื™ื•ืช ืœืคืขื™ืœื•ื™ื•ืช ืžื•ื“ืจื ื™ื–ืฆื™ื”. ื–ื” ืชื•ืจื ืœืืจื›ื™ื˜ืงื˜ื•ืจื” ืขืžื™ื“ื” ืฉื™ื›ื•ืœื” ืœืขืžื•ื“ ื‘ืคื ื™ ื›ืฉืœื™ื ื‘ืœืชื™ ืฆืคื•ื™ื™ื ืžื‘ืœื™ ืœืคื’ื•ืข ื‘ื™ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืช ื”ืžืขืจื›ืช ื”ื›ื•ืœืœืช ืื• ื‘ื—ื•ื•ื™ื™ืช ื”ืžืฉืชืžืฉ.

ืงื‘ื™ืขืช ืกืคื™ ื—ื•ืกืŸ ืขื‘ื•ืจ ืžืขืจื›ื•ืช ืืจื’ื•ื ื™ื•ืช

ืกืคื™ ื—ื•ืกืŸ ืžื’ื“ื™ืจื™ื ืืช ื”ื‘ื™ืฆื•ืขื™ื ื”ืžื™ื ื™ืžืœื™ื™ื ื”ืžืงื•ื‘ืœื™ื ืฉืœ ื™ื™ืฉื•ื ื‘ืžื”ืœืš ื•ืื—ืจื™ ืชืงืœื”. ืงื‘ื™ืขืช ืกืคื™ื ืืœื” ืžื‘ื˜ื™ื—ื” ืฉืืจื’ื•ื ื™ื ื™ืฉืžืจื• ืขืœ ืขืงื‘ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืืžื™ื ื•ืช ืขืœ ืคื ื™ ืชืจื—ื™ืฉื™ ืชืคืขื•ืœ ืฉื•ื ื™ื. ืกืคื™ื ืขืฉื•ื™ื™ื ืœื›ืœื•ืœ ืžืฉื›ื™ ื”ืชืื•ืฉืฉื•ืช ืžืงื•ื‘ืœื™ื, ื™ืขื“ื™ ื–ืžื™ื ื•ืช, ืžื’ื‘ืœื•ืช ืคื’ื™ืขื” ืื• ื’ื‘ื•ืœื•ืช ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ืฉื’ื™ืื•ืช. ืงืจื™ื˜ืจื™ื•ื ื™ื ืžื•ื’ื“ืจื™ื ื‘ื‘ื™ืจื•ืจ ืžืกืคืงื™ื ืžื‘ื ื” ืœืžืืžืฆื™ ื”ื–ืจืงืช ืชืงืœื•ืช, ื•ืžืืคืฉืจื™ื ืœืฆื•ื•ืชื™ื ืœืงื‘ื•ืข ื”ืื ื”ื”ืชื ื”ื’ื•ืช ื”ื ืฆืคื™ืช ืชื•ืืžืช ืืช ื”ืกื˜ื ื“ืจื˜ื™ื ื”ืืจื’ื•ื ื™ื™ื.

ื›ื“ื™ ืœืงื‘ื•ืข ืกืคื™ื ืžืฉืžืขื•ืชื™ื™ื, ืืจื’ื•ื ื™ื ื—ื™ื™ื‘ื™ื ืœื”ื‘ื™ืŸ ืืช ืžืืคื™ื™ื ื™ ื”ื‘ื™ืฆื•ืขื™ื ื”ื‘ืกื™ืกื™ื™ื ืฉืœ ื”ืžืขืจื›ื•ืช ืฉืœื”ื. ื˜ื›ื ื™ืงื•ืช ื ื™ืชื•ื— ืฉื‘ื•ื—ื ื•ืช ื—ื•ืกืจ ื™ืขื™ืœื•ืช ืขื™ื‘ื•ื“ ืื• ืฆื•ื•ืืจื™ ื‘ืงื‘ื•ืง ื‘ืขื•ืžืก ื”ืขื‘ื•ื“ื”, ื›ื’ื•ืŸ ืืœื• ืฉื ื“ื•ื ื• ื‘ืžื—ืงืจื™ื ืฉืœ ื–ื™ื”ื•ื™ ืฆื•ื•ืืจ ื‘ืงื‘ื•ืง ืฉืœ ื”ืžืขื‘ื“, ืชื•ืžื›ื™ื ื‘ื™ืฆื™ืจืช ืฆื™ืคื™ื•ืช ื‘ืกื™ืก ืจื™ืืœื™ื•ืช. ืชื•ื‘ื ื•ืช ืืœื• ืขื•ื–ืจื•ืช ืœืฆื•ื•ืชื™ื ืœืงื‘ื•ืข ืื™ืœื• ืžื“ื“ื™ ื‘ื™ืฆื•ืขื™ื ืžืคืขื™ืœื™ื ืืช ื”ื”ืฉืคืขื” ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœื” ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ืขืœ ื—ื•ืกืŸ ื•ื”ื™ื›ืŸ ื™ืฉ ืœื”ื’ื“ื™ืจ ืกื‘ื™ืœื•ืช.

ืกืคื™ื ื—ื™ื™ื‘ื™ื ืœืฉืงืฃ ื’ื ืืช ื”ืžืฆื™ืื•ืช ื”ืชืคืขื•ืœื™ืช ืฉืœ ืืจื›ื™ื˜ืงื˜ื•ืจื•ืช ื”ื™ื‘ืจื™ื“ื™ื•ืช ื•ืžื‘ื•ื–ืจื•ืช. ืœื›ืœ ืชืช-ืžืขืจื›ืช ืขืฉื•ื™ื•ืช ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื”ืชื ื”ื’ื•ื™ื•ืช ื‘ื™ืฆื•ืขื™ื ืฉื•ื ื•ืช ื•ืจืžื•ืช ืฉื•ื ื•ืช ืฉืœ ืกื‘ื™ืœื•ืช ืœืชืงืœื•ืช. ืงื‘ื™ืขืช ืกืคื™ื ื“ื•ืจืฉืช ืฉื™ืชื•ืฃ ืคืขื•ืœื” ื‘ื™ืŸ-ืคื•ื ืงืฆื™ื•ื ืœื™ ื‘ื™ืŸ ืฆื•ื•ืชื™ ืคื™ืชื•ื—, ืชืคืขื•ืœ, ืชืื™ืžื•ืช ื•ื”ื ื“ืกืช ืืžื™ื ื•ืช. ืงื‘ื•ืฆื•ืช ืืœื• ืชื•ืจืžื•ืช ืชื•ื‘ื ื•ืช ืœื’ื‘ื™ ืฆื™ืคื™ื•ืช ืจื’ื•ืœื˜ื•ืจื™ื•ืช, ื“ืจื™ืฉื•ืช ื—ื•ื•ื™ื™ืช ืžืฉืชืžืฉ, ื”ืชื—ื™ื™ื‘ื•ื™ื•ืช ืจืžืช ืฉื™ืจื•ืช ื•ืื™ืœื•ืฆื™ื ืื“ืจื™ื›ืœื™ื™ื. ื›ืืฉืจ ื”ืŸ ืžืฉื•ืœื‘ื•ืช, ื ืงื•ื“ื•ืช ืžื‘ื˜ ืืœื• ื™ื•ืฆืจื•ืช ืžืกื’ืจืช ืื™ืชื ื” ืœื”ืขืจื›ืช ืชื•ืฆืื•ืช ื”ื–ืจืงืช ืชืงืœื•ืช.

ืœืื—ืจ ืงื‘ื™ืขืช ืกืคื™ ื—ื•ืกืŸ, ืžื“ื“ื™ ื”ื–ืจืงืช ืชืงืœื•ืช ื”ื•ืคื›ื™ื ืœืžื ื’ื ื•ืŸ ืœืื™ืฉื•ืจ ืขืžื™ื“ื” ื‘ืชืงื ื™ื ืืœื”. ืฆื•ื•ืชื™ื ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœื”ืขืจื™ืš ื”ืื ื ื”ืœื™ ื”ืชืื•ืฉืฉื•ืช ืขื•ืžื“ื™ื ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืขืงื‘ื™ ื‘ืฆื™ืคื™ื•ืช ื”ืชื–ืžื•ืŸ, ื”ืื ื ืชื™ื‘ื™ ื’ื™ื‘ื•ื™ ืฉื•ืžืจื™ื ืขืœ ื“ื™ื•ืง ืคื•ื ืงืฆื™ื•ื ืœื™, ื•ื”ืื ื‘ืงืจื•ืช ื‘ื™ื“ื•ื“ ืžื’ื‘ื™ืœื•ืช ืืช ื”ืชืคืฉื˜ื•ืช ื”ื›ืฉืœื™ื. ืขื ื”ื–ืžืŸ, ื”ืขืจื›ื•ืช ืžื‘ื•ืกืกื•ืช ืกืคื™ื ื—ื•ืฉืคื•ืช ืžื’ืžื•ืช ื”ืชื•ืžื›ื•ืช ื‘ืชื›ื ื•ืŸ ืžื•ื“ืจื ื™ื–ืฆื™ื”, ื—ื™ื–ื•ื™ ืงื™ื‘ื•ืœืช ื•ืฉื™ืคื•ืจ ืžืชืžื™ื“. ื’ื™ืฉื” ืžืžื•ืฉืžืขืช ื–ื• ืžืืคืฉืจืช ืœืืจื’ื•ื ื™ื ืœืงื™ื™ื ืกื‘ื™ื‘ืช ืชืคืขื•ืœื™ืช ืืžื™ื ื” ื’ื ื›ืืฉืจ ื”ืžืขืจื›ื•ืช ืžืชืคืชื—ื•ืช ื‘ืžื•ืจื›ื‘ื•ืชืŸ.

ืชืคืงื™ื“ ื”ื–ืจืงืช ื”ืชืงืœื•ืช ื‘ื”ื ื“ืกืช ืืžื™ื ื•ืช ืืจื’ื•ื ื™ืช

ื”ื–ืจืงืช ืชืงืœื•ืช ืžืžืœืืช ืชืคืงื™ื“ ืžืจื›ื–ื™ ื‘ื”ื ื“ืกืช ืืžื™ื ื•ืช ืืจื’ื•ื ื™ืช ืžืฉื•ื ืฉื”ื™ื ืžืกืคืงืช ืฉื™ื˜ื” ืžื•ื‘ื ื™ืช ืœื”ืขืจื›ืช ื”ืชื ื”ื’ื•ืช ื”ืžืขืจื›ืช ื‘ืชื ืื™ ื›ืฉืœ ืžื‘ื•ืงืจื™ื. ื™ื™ืฉื•ืžื™ื ืžื•ื“ืจื ื™ื™ื ืคื•ืขืœื™ื ื‘ืกื‘ื™ื‘ื•ืช ืžื‘ื•ื–ืจื•ืช ื”ื›ื•ืœืœื•ืช ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ืžื•ืจื›ื‘ ื‘ืื™ืจื•ืขื™ื, ืชืงืฉื•ืจืช ืืกื™ื ื›ืจื•ื ื™ืช ื•ืื™ื ื˜ืจืืงืฆื™ื•ืช ืžืชื•ื–ืžืจื•ืช ื”ื™ื˜ื‘. ืžืืคื™ื™ื ื™ื ืืœื” ืžื’ื‘ื™ืจื™ื ืืช ื”ืงื•ืฉื™ ืœื—ื–ื•ืช ื›ื™ืฆื“ ื›ืฉืœ ื‘ืจื›ื™ื‘ ืื—ื“ ืžืฉืคื™ืข ืขืœ ื”ืชื ื”ื’ื•ืชื ืฉืœ ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ื ืื—ืจื™ื. ื”ื–ืจืงืช ืชืงืœื•ืช ืžืฆื™ืขื” ื’ื™ืฉื” ืžืžื•ืฉืžืขืช ืฉืžื›ื ื™ืกื” ืฉื™ื‘ื•ืฉื™ื ื‘ืžื›ื•ื•ืŸ, ื•ืžืืคืฉืจืช ืœืฆื•ื•ืชื™ ื”ื ื“ืกื” ืœืฆืคื•ืช ื‘ื”ืชื ื”ื’ื•ืช ื”ื™ื™ืฉื•ืžื™ื ื‘ืฉื•ืœื™ ื”ื‘ื˜ื™ื—ื•ืช ื”ืชืคืขื•ืœื™ืช. ื–ื” ืžืืคืฉืจ ืœื”ื ืœืงื‘ื•ืข ื”ืื ืžื“ื“ื™ ืืžื™ื ื•ืช, ืืžืฆืขื™ ื”ื’ื ื” ืื“ืจื™ื›ืœื™ื™ื ื•ืžื ื’ื ื•ื ื™ ื’ื™ื‘ื•ื™ ืคื•ืขืœื™ื ื‘ืขืงื‘ื™ื•ืช ื”ื ื“ืจืฉืช ื‘ื”ืงืฉืจื™ื ืืจื’ื•ื ื™ื™ื.

ืืจื’ื•ื ื™ื ืžืกืชืžื›ื™ื ืขืœ ื”ื ื“ืกืช ืืžื™ื ื•ืช ืœื ืจืง ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ื‘ื˜ื™ื— ืืช ื–ืžืŸ ื”ืคืขื™ืœื•ืช ืฉืœ ื”ืžืขืจื›ืช, ืืœื ื’ื ื›ื“ื™ ืœืืฉืจ ืขืžื™ื“ื” ื‘ืฆื™ืคื™ื•ืช ื”ืžืžืฉืœ, ื”ืจื’ื•ืœืฆื™ื” ื•ื”ื‘ื™ืฆื•ืขื™ื. ืžืกื’ืจื•ืช ืฆืคื™ื™ื” ืžืกื™ื™ืขื•ืช ื‘ืžืขืงื‘ ืื—ืจ ืžืืคื™ื™ื ื™ื ืชืคืขื•ืœื™ื™ื, ืืš ื”ืŸ ืื™ื ืŸ ืžื—ืœื™ืคื•ืช ื‘ืžืœื•ืืŸ ืืช ื”ืชื•ื‘ื ื•ืช ื”ืžืชืงื‘ืœื•ืช ืžืฉื™ื‘ื•ืฉื™ื ืžื‘ื•ืงืจื™ื. ื”ื–ืจืงืช ืชืงืœื•ืช ืžืขืจื™ื›ื” ื›ื™ืฆื“ ืžืขืจื›ื•ืช ืžืชื ื”ื’ื•ืช ื‘ืžื”ืœืš ื›ืฉืœื™ื ืืžื™ืชื™ื™ื ื•ืœื ื›ืฉืœื™ื ืžืฉื•ืขืจื™ื. ื–ื” ื›ื•ืœืœ ืื™ืžื•ืช ื”ืชื ื”ื’ื•ืช ืžืงื‘ื™ืœื™ื•ืช, ื—ื•ืกืŸ ืชืœื•ื™ื•ืช, ื“ื™ื•ืง ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ื‘ืฉื’ื™ืื•ืช ื•ื’ื‘ื•ืœื•ืช ื‘ื™ื“ื•ื“ ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ื. ืชื•ื‘ื ื•ืช ืžืคืจืงื˜ื™ืงื•ืช ืื ืœื™ื˜ื™ื•ืช ืงื•ื“ืžื•ืช, ื›ื’ื•ืŸ ื”ืขืจื›ืช... ื ื™ืชื•ื— ื‘ื™ืŸ-ืคืจื•ืฆื“ื•ืจืœื™, ืชื•ืžื›ื™ื ื‘ื™ืฆื™ืจืช ืชืจื—ื™ืฉื™ ืชืงืœื•ืช ื”ืžืฉืงืคื™ื ื“ืคื•ืกื™ ื‘ื™ืฆื•ืข ืงื•ื“ ืื•ืชื ื˜ื™ื™ื. ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ื‘ื™ืกื•ืก ืžืืžืฆื™ ื”ื ื“ืกืช ืืžื™ื ื•ืช ืขืœ ืจืื™ื•ืช ืžื“ื™ื“ื•ืช, ืืจื’ื•ื ื™ื ื™ื•ืฆืจื™ื ื ืชื™ื‘ื™ื ืฆืคื•ื™ื™ื ื•ืฉื™ื˜ืชื™ื™ื ืœืฉื™ืคื•ืจ ื—ื•ืกืŸ.

ืชื›ื ื•ืŸ ืžื•ื“ืœื™ ืชืงืœื•ืช ื”ืžื•ืชืืžื™ื ืœืกื™ื›ื•ื ื™ื ืชืคืขื•ืœื™ื™ื ืืžื™ืชื™ื™ื

ืื™ืžื•ืช ื™ืขื™ืœ ืฉืœ ื—ื•ืกืŸ ืžืชื—ื™ืœ ื‘ืชื›ื ื•ืŸ ืžื•ื“ืœื™ื ืฉืœ ืชืงืœื•ืช ื”ืžื™ื™ืฆื’ื™ื ื‘ืžื“ื•ื™ืง ืกื™ื›ื•ื ื™ื ืชืคืขื•ืœื™ื™ื ืžืฆื™ืื•ืชื™ื™ื. ืžื•ื“ืœื™ื ืืœื” ืžื’ื“ื™ืจื™ื ืืช ืกื•ื’ื™ ื”ื›ืฉืœื™ื ืฉื™ืฉ ืœื”ื–ืจื™ืง, ืืช ื”ืชื ืื™ื ืฉื‘ื”ื ื”ื ืžืชืจื—ืฉื™ื ื•ืืช ืชื’ื•ื‘ืช ื”ืžืขืจื›ืช ื”ืฆืคื•ื™ื”. ืžื•ื“ืœื™ื ืฉืœ ืชืงืœื•ืช ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœื›ืœื•ืœ ืฉื™ื‘ื•ืฉื™ื ื—ื•ืœืคื™ื, ื“ืœื“ื•ืœ ืžืฉืื‘ื™ื, ื–ืจื™ืžืช ื ืชื•ื ื™ื ืคื’ื•ืžื”, ืคื™ืฆื•ืœ ืจืฉืช, ืชื’ื•ื‘ื•ืช ื‘ืžืขืœื” ื”ื–ืจื ืžืื•ื—ืจื•ืช ื•ืกื˜ื™ื™ื” ื‘ื ืชื™ื‘ ื”ืœื•ื’ื™. ื›ืœ ืกื•ื’ ืชืงืœื” ืžื™ื™ืฆื’ ืชืจื—ื™ืฉ ืžืฉืžืขื•ืชื™ ืฉื”ืžืขืจื›ืช ืขืฉื•ื™ื” ืœื”ื™ืชืงืœ ื‘ื• ื‘ื™ื™ืฆื•ืจ. ืฆื•ื•ืชื™ ื”ื ื“ืกื” ืžืคืชื—ื™ื ืชืจื—ื™ืฉื™ื ืืœื” ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ื ื™ืชื•ื— ืื™ืจื•ืขื™ื ื”ื™ืกื˜ื•ืจื™ื™ื, ืกืงื™ืจืช ื“ืคื•ืกื™ื ืื“ืจื™ื›ืœื™ื™ื ื•ื‘ื—ื™ื ืช ืชืœื•ืช ืชืงืฉื•ืจืช ื‘ื™ืŸ ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ื.

ืชื›ื ื•ืŸ ืžื•ื“ืœ ืชืงืœื•ืช ื—ื™ื™ื‘ ืœื”ื›ื™ืจ ื‘ื›ืš ืฉืžืขืจื›ื•ืช ืืจื’ื•ื ื™ื•ืช ื›ืžืขื˜ ื•ืœื ื ื›ืฉืœื•ืช ื‘ื“ืจื›ื™ื ืคืฉื•ื˜ื•ืช ืื• ืžื‘ื•ื“ื“ื•ืช. ืืจื›ื™ื˜ืงื˜ื•ืจื•ืช ืžื‘ื•ื–ืจื•ืช ื—ื•ื•ืช ืœืขืชื™ื ืงืจื•ื‘ื•ืช ื›ืฉืœื™ื ืžื“ื•ืจื’ื™ื ืื• ืœืกื™ืจื•ื’ื™ืŸ ืฉืžืงื•ืจื ื‘ืื™ื ื˜ืจืืงืฆื™ื•ืช ืขื“ื™ื ื•ืช ื‘ื™ืŸ ืจื›ื™ื‘ื™ื. ืžืขืฆื‘ื™ื ื—ื™ื™ื‘ื™ื ืœื›ืœื•ืœ ืืช ื”ืฉื•ื ื•ืช ื”ื ืžืฆืืช ื‘ืขื•ืžืกื™ ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ืืžื™ืชื™ื™ื, ื›ื•ืœืœ ืืคืงื˜ื™ื ืฉืœ ืžืงื‘ื™ืœื™ื•ืช, ื”ืชืคืœื’ื•ืช ื‘ืงืฉื•ืช, ืชื–ืžื•ืŸ ืื™ืจื•ืขื™ื ื•ืคื•ืจืžื˜ื™ื ื”ื˜ืจื•ื’ื ื™ื™ื ืฉืœ ื ืชื•ื ื™ื. ื ืงื•ื“ื•ืช ืžื‘ื˜ ืื ืœื™ื˜ื™ื•ืช ื›ื’ื•ืŸ ื”ื”ืขืจื›ื•ืช ื”ืžื•ืฆื’ื•ืช ื‘ื“ื™ื•ื ื™ื ืขืœ ืืชื’ืจื™ ืžื•ื“ืจื ื™ื–ืฆื™ื” ืฉืœ ื™ื™ืฉื•ืžื™ื ืœืกื™ื™ืข ืœืฆื•ื•ืชื™ื ืœื–ื”ื•ืช ื ืงื•ื“ื•ืช ืื™ื ื˜ื’ืจืฆื™ื” ื‘ื”ืŸ ืชืงืœื•ืช ืขืœื•ืœื•ืช ืœื’ืจื•ื ืœืชื’ื•ื‘ื•ืช ื‘ืœืชื™ ืฆืคื•ื™ื•ืช. ืฉื™ืœื•ื‘ ืชื•ื‘ื ื•ืช ืืœื• ื‘ืชื”ืœื™ืš ื”ืžื™ื“ื•ืœ ืžื‘ื˜ื™ื— ืฉืชืงืœื•ืช ืฉื”ื•ื–ืจืงื• ื™ื”ื™ื• ืžืฉืžืขื•ืชื™ื•ืช, ืขืงื‘ื™ื•ืช ื•ืžื•ืชืืžื•ืช ืœืžืฆื™ืื•ืช ื”ืชืคืขื•ืœื™ืช ืฉืœ ื”ืžืขืจื›ืช.

ืœืื—ืจ ื”ื’ื“ืจืช ืžื•ื“ืœื™ ืชืงืœื•ืช, ืฆื•ื•ืชื™ ื”ื”ื ื“ืกื” ืžืชืขื“ื™ื ืืช ื”ืชื ื”ื’ื•ืช ื”ืžืขืจื›ืช ื”ืฆืคื•ื™ื”, ื›ื•ืœืœ ืชื’ื•ื‘ื•ืช ื‘ื™ื“ื•ื“, ืจืฆืคื™ ื”ืชืื•ืฉืฉื•ืช, ื ืชื™ื‘ื™ ื’ื™ื‘ื•ื™ ื•ืกืคื™ ืคื’ื™ืขื”. ืงื• ื‘ืกื™ืก ื–ื” ืฉืœ ืฆื™ืคื™ื•ืช ื”ื•ืคืš ืœื ืงื•ื“ืช ื™ื™ื—ื•ืก ืœืžื“ื™ื“ืช ื—ื•ืกืŸ. ืื ื”ืžืขืจื›ืช ืžื’ื™ื‘ื” ืžื—ื•ืฅ ืœื˜ื•ื•ื— ื”ืกื‘ื™ืœื•ืช ืฉื”ื•ื’ื“ืจ, ื”ืกื˜ื™ื™ื” ืžืฆื‘ื™ืขื” ืขืœ ื—ื•ืœืฉื•ืช ื‘ืชื›ื ื•ืŸ, ื‘ื™ื™ืฉื•ื ืื• ื‘ืชืคืขื•ืœ. ืœื“ื•ื’ืžื”, ื›ืฉืœ ื‘ืฉื™ืจื•ืช ื‘ืžืขืœื” ื”ื–ืจื ืขืœื•ืœ ืœื”ืกืœื™ื ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ื‘ืœืชื™ ืฆืคื•ื™ ืœืชืฉื™ืฉื•ืช ืžืฉืื‘ื™ื ื‘ืชืช-ืžืขืจื›ื•ืช ืœื ืงืฉื•ืจื•ืช, ื“ื‘ืจ ื”ืžืฆื‘ื™ืข ืขืœ ื‘ื™ื“ื•ื“ ืœื ืชืงื™ืŸ ืื• ืžื ื’ื ื•ื ื™ ื ื™ืกื™ื•ืŸ ื—ื•ื–ืจ ืคื’ื•ืžื™ื. ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ื”ืฉื•ื•ืืช ื”ืชื ื”ื’ื•ืช ืชืงืœื•ืช ืžื•ื–ืจืงื•ืช ืœืชื•ืฆืื•ืช ื”ืฆืคื•ื™ื•ืช, ืฆื•ื•ืชื™ื ืžืคืชื—ื™ื ื”ืขืจื›ื•ืช ืžื“ื•ื™ืงื•ืช ืฉืœ ื—ื•ืœืฉื•ืช ื—ื•ืกืŸ ื”ื“ื•ืจืฉื•ืช ืชืฉื•ืžืช ืœื‘ ืื“ืจื™ื›ืœื™ืช.

ืžื•ื“ืœื™ื ืฉืœ ืชืงืœื•ืช ืžื•ื’ื“ืจื™ื ื”ื™ื˜ื‘ ืžืืคืฉืจื™ื ื’ื ืœืืจื’ื•ื ื™ื ืœื”ืขืจื™ืš ืžืกืคืจ ืฉื›ื‘ื•ืช ืฉืœ ื—ื•ืกืŸ ื‘ื• ื–ืžื ื™ืช. ืฆื•ื•ืชื™ื ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœืœืžื•ื“ ื›ื™ืฆื“ ืœื•ื’ื™ืงืช ื”ื‘ืงืจื” ืžื’ื™ื‘ื” ืœืฉื™ื‘ื•ืฉื™ื, ื›ื™ืฆื“ ื–ืจื™ืžืช ื ืชื•ื ื™ื ืžืกืชื’ืœืช ืชื—ืช ืœื—ืฅ, ื•ื›ื™ืฆื“ ืชื–ืžื•ืจ ื‘ืจืžืช ื”ืชืฉืชื™ืช ืžืคืฆื” ืขืœ ืื•ื‘ื“ืŸ ืคื•ื ืงืฆื™ื•ื ืœื™ื•ืช. ืชื•ื‘ื ื•ืช ืืœื• ืžื ื—ื•ืช ืžืืžืฆื™ ืžื•ื“ืจื ื™ื–ืฆื™ื” ื”ืžืฉืคืจื™ื ืืช ื‘ืœื™ืžืช ื”ืชืงืœื•ืช, ืžืคื—ื™ืชื™ื ืืช ื”ืชืจื—ื‘ื•ืช ืจื“ื™ื•ืก ื”ืคื™ืฆื•ืฅ ื•ืžื—ื–ืงื™ื ืžื ื’ื ื•ื ื™ ื”ืชืื•ืฉืฉื•ืช. ืขื ื”ื–ืžืŸ, ื—ื™ื“ื•ื“ ืžื•ื“ืœ ื”ืชืงืœื•ืช ืžื™ื™ืฆืจ ืžื—ื–ื•ืจื™ ืื™ืžื•ืช ืืžื™ื ื™ื ื™ื•ืชืจ ื”ืžืžืฉื™ื›ื™ื ืœื”ืชืคืชื— ื›ื›ืœ ืฉืžื•ืจื›ื‘ื•ืช ื”ืžืขืจื›ืช ืขื•ืœื”.

ืžื“ื™ื“ืช ื”ืชื ื”ื’ื•ืช ืžืงื‘ื™ืœื™ื•ืช ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ืชืจื—ื™ืฉื™ ื›ืฉืœ

ืžืงื‘ื™ืœื™ื•ืช ืžืฆื™ื‘ื” ืืชื’ืจื™ื ื™ื™ื—ื•ื“ื™ื™ื ื‘ืžืขืจื›ื•ืช ืืจื’ื•ื ื™ื•ืช ืžืฉื•ื ืฉืคืขื•ืœื•ืช ืžืจื•ื‘ื•ืช ืžื‘ื•ืฆืขื•ืช ื‘ื• ื–ืžื ื™ืช ื•ืžืงื™ื™ืžื•ืช ืื™ื ื˜ืจืืงืฆื™ื” ื‘ื™ืŸ ืžืฉืื‘ื™ื ืžืฉื•ืชืคื™ื. ื”ื–ืจืงืช ืชืงืœื•ืช ืžืกืคืงืช ืฉื™ื˜ื” ืžืขืฉื™ืช ืœื”ืขืจื›ืช ื”ืื•ืคืŸ ืฉื‘ื• ืขื•ืžืกื™ ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ืžืงื‘ื™ืœื™ื ืžืชื ื”ื’ื™ื ื›ืืฉืจ ืžืชืจื—ืฉื™ื ื›ืฉืœื™ื. ื—ื•ืœืฉื•ืช ื”ืงืฉื•ืจื•ืช ืœืžืงื‘ื™ืœื™ื•ืช ืฆืฆื•ืช ืœืขื™ืชื™ื ืงืจื•ื‘ื•ืช ืจืง ื›ืืฉืจ ืžืขืจื›ื•ืช ืคื•ืขืœื•ืช ื‘ืชื ืื™ ืœื—ืฅ, ืžื” ืฉืžืงืฉื” ืขืœ ื’ื™ืœื•ื™ืŸ ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ืกืงื™ืจื•ืช ืกื˜ื˜ื™ื•ืช ืื• ื—ื‘ื™ืœื•ืช ื‘ื“ื™ืงื•ืช ืžืกื•ืจืชื™ื•ืช. ืชืงืœื•ืช ืžื‘ื•ืงืจื•ืช ื—ื•ืฉืคื•ืช ื‘ืขื™ื•ืช ืกื ื›ืจื•ืŸ, ืชื ืื™ ืžืจื•ืฅ, ืชื—ืจื•ืช ื ืขื™ืœื” ื•ื”ืชื ื”ื’ื•ืช ืœื•ื’ื™ืช ืจื’ื™ืฉื” ืœืชื–ืžื•ืŸ. ื’ื•ืจืžื™ื ืืœื” ืชื•ืจืžื™ื ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืžืฉืžืขื•ืชื™ ืœืชื•ืฆืื•ืช ื—ื•ืกืŸ ื•ื™ืฉ ืœืืžืช ืื•ืชื ื›ื“ื™ ืœืืฉืจ ื™ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืช ืชืคืขื•ืœื™ืช.

ื”ืขืจื›ืช ื”ืชื ื”ื’ื•ืช ืžืงื‘ื™ืœื™ื•ืช ืžืชื—ื™ืœื” ื‘ื”ื‘ื ืช ืžื•ื“ืœ ื”ื‘ื™ืฆื•ืข ื”ืžืงื‘ื™ืœ ืฉืœ ื”ืžืขืจื›ืช. ื™ื™ืฉื•ืžื™ื ืžื‘ื•ื–ืจื™ื ืžืกืชืžื›ื™ื ืขืœ ื”ืœื™ื›ื™ื (threads), ืœื•ืœืื•ืช ืื™ืจื•ืขื™ื (event loops), ืคื•ื ืงืฆื™ื•ืช ืืกื™ื ื›ืจื•ื ื™ื•ืช ื•ืชื”ืœื™ื›ื™ื ืžื‘ื•ื–ืจื™ื ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืชืžื•ื“ื“ ืขื ืขื•ืžืกื™ ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ื’ื‘ื•ื”ื™ื. ืชืจื—ื™ืฉื™ ื”ื–ืจืงืช ืชืงืœื•ืช (fault injection) ืžืฆื™ื’ื™ื ื”ืคืจืขื•ืช ื‘ื’ื‘ื•ืœื•ืช ืžืงื‘ื™ืœื™ื•ืช ืกืคืฆื™ืคื™ื™ื, ื›ื’ื•ืŸ ืจื•ื•ื™ื” ืฉืœ ืžืื’ืจ ื”ืœื™ื›ื™ื (thread pool pool), ืชื’ื•ื‘ื•ืช IO (input loss) ืขื™ื›ื•ื‘ื•ืช ืื• ืชื—ืจื•ืช ืขืœ ืžืฉืชื ื™ื ืžืฉื•ืชืคื™ื. ืฉื™ื˜ื•ืช ืื ืœื™ื˜ื™ื•ืช ื”ืงืฉื•ืจื•ืช ืœ... ื ื™ืชื•ื— JavaScript ืืกื™ื ื›ืจื•ื ื™ ืœื”ืžื—ื™ืฉ ื›ื™ืฆื“ ื ืชื™ื‘ื™ ื‘ื™ืฆื•ืข ื‘ื•-ื–ืžื ื™ื™ื ื’ื•ืจืžื™ื ืœื”ืชื ื”ื’ื•ืช ื‘ืœืชื™ ืฆืคื•ื™ื” ื›ืืฉืจ ืชืœื•ื™ื•ืช ื ื›ืฉืœื•ืช. ืชื•ื‘ื ื•ืช ืืœื• ืžื ื—ื•ืช ืืช ืชื›ื ื•ืŸ ื”ื‘ื“ื™ืงื•ืช ื”ื—ื•ืฉืคื•ืช ืขื“ ื›ืžื” ื”ืžืขืจื›ืช ื ืฉืืจืช ืขืžื™ื“ื” ื‘ืžื”ืœืš ืฉื™ื‘ื•ืฉื™ื ื‘ื•-ื–ืžื ื™ื™ื.

ืžื“ื“ื™ื ืฉื ืืกืคื™ื ื‘ืžื”ืœืš ื”ื–ืจืงืช ืชืงืœื•ืช ืžื‘ื•ืกืกืช ืžืงื‘ื™ืœื™ื•ืช ืžืฆื™ืขื™ื ืชื•ื‘ื ื•ืช ื—ืฉื•ื‘ื•ืช. ืชื–ืžื•ืŸ ื”ืชืื•ืฉืฉื•ืช, ืฆืžื™ื—ืช ืชื•ืจ ื”ืœื™ื›ื™ ืžืฉื ื”, ืขื™ื›ื•ื‘ื™ื ื‘ืœื•ืœืืช ืื™ืจื•ืขื™ื ื•ืชื’ื•ื‘ื•ืช ืฉืจืฉืจืช ืชืœื•ื™ื•ืช ื”ื ื›ื•ืœื ืื™ื ื“ื™ืงื˜ื•ืจื™ื ืžื“ื™ื“ื™ื ืœื—ื•ืกืŸ ื”ืžืขืจื›ืช. ื›ืืฉืจ ื›ืฉืœื™ื ื’ื•ืจืžื™ื ืœื”ืกืœืžื” ืžื”ื™ืจื” ืฉืœ ืžืฉื™ืžื•ืช ื‘ื• ื–ืžื ื™ืช ืื• ื’ื•ืจืžื™ื ืœื”ื™ื“ืจื“ืจื•ืช ื‘ื–ืžื ื™ ื”ืชื’ื•ื‘ื” ืฉืœ ื”ืฉื™ืจื•ืช, ืกื‘ื™ืจ ืœื”ื ื™ื— ืฉื”ืžืขืจื›ืช ื—ืกืจื” ื‘ืงืจื•ืช ื‘ื™ื“ื•ื“ ืื• ืœื—ืฅ ืื—ื•ืจื™ ื ืื•ืชื•ืช. ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ื”ืชื‘ื•ื ื ื•ืช ื‘ืื™ื ื“ื™ืงื˜ื•ืจื™ื ืืœื”, ืฆื•ื•ืชื™ื ืžื–ื”ื™ื ืœื™ืงื•ื™ื™ื ืื“ืจื™ื›ืœื™ื™ื ื›ื’ื•ืŸ ืื™ื’ื•ื ื—ื™ื‘ื•ืจื™ื ืœื ืžืกืคืง, ืœื•ื’ื™ืงืช ื ื™ืกื™ื•ื ื•ืช ื—ื•ื–ืจื™ื ืœื ื ื›ื•ื ื” ืื• ืžืกื’ืจื•ืช ืชื–ืžื•ืŸ ืฉื’ื•ื™ื•ืช.

ืื™ืžื•ืช ืžืงื‘ื™ืœื™ื•ืช ืชื•ืžืš ื’ื ื‘ืืกื˜ืจื˜ื’ื™ื•ืช ืžื•ื“ืจื ื™ื–ืฆื™ื”. ื›ื›ืœ ืฉืžืขืจื›ื•ืช ืขื•ื‘ืจื•ืช ืœืžื™ืงืจื•-ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ื, ืคืœื˜ืคื•ืจืžื•ืช ืขื ืŸ ืื• ืืจื›ื™ื˜ืงื˜ื•ืจื•ืช ื”ื™ื‘ืจื™ื“ื™ื•ืช, ื“ืคื•ืกื™ ืžืงื‘ื™ืœื™ื•ืช ื”ื•ืคื›ื™ื ืžื•ืจื›ื‘ื™ื ื™ื•ืชืจ. ื”ื–ืจืงืช ืชืงืœื•ืช ื—ื•ืฉืคืช ื›ื™ืฆื“ ื“ืคื•ืกื™ื ืืœื” ืžื’ื™ื‘ื™ื ืœื”ืชื ื”ื’ื•ืช ื‘ืœืชื™ ืฆืคื•ื™ื”, ื•ื—ื•ืฉืคืช ืกื™ื›ื•ื ื™ื ืฉืขืฉื•ื™ื™ื ืฉืœื ืœื”ื•ืคื™ืข ื‘ืžื”ืœืš ืคืขื•ืœื•ืช ื ื•ืžื™ื ืœื™ื•ืช. ื‘ืขื–ืจืช ืชื•ืฆืื•ืช ืืœื•, ืืจื’ื•ื ื™ื ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœืฉืคืจ ืืช ื—ืœื•ืงืช ืขื•ืžืกื™ ื”ืขื‘ื•ื“ื”, ืœื™ื™ืขืœ ืืช ืžื ื’ื ื•ื ื™ ื”ืกื ื›ืจื•ืŸ ื•ืœืฉืคืจ ืืกื˜ืจื˜ื’ื™ื•ืช ื ื™ื”ื•ืœ ืžืงื‘ื™ืœื™ื•ืช. ื–ื” ืžืฉืคืจ ื”ืŸ ืืช ื”ื—ื•ืกืŸ ื•ื”ืŸ ืืช ื™ื›ื•ืœืช ื”ื”ืจื—ื‘ื”, ื•ืžื‘ื˜ื™ื— ืฉื”ืžืขืจื›ืช ืชื’ื™ื‘ ื‘ืฆื•ืจื” ืฆืคื•ื™ื” ื‘ืชื ืื™ ืชืคืขื•ืœ ืžื’ื•ื•ื ื™ื.

ื”ืขืจื›ืช ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ื‘ืฉื’ื™ืื•ืช ื•ืืžื™ื ื•ืช ื’ื™ื‘ื•ื™

ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ื‘ืฉื’ื™ืื•ืช ื”ื•ื ืžืจื›ื™ื‘ ื™ืกื•ื“ื™ ื‘ื”ื ื“ืกืช ื—ื•ืกืŸ ืžืฉื•ื ืฉื”ื•ื ืงื•ื‘ืข ื›ื™ืฆื“ ื™ื™ืฉื•ืžื™ื ืžืคืจืฉื™ื ื•ืžื’ื™ื‘ื™ื ืœืชื ืื™ื ื‘ืœืชื™ ืฆืคื•ื™ื™ื. ื”ื–ืจืงืช ืชืงืœื•ืช ืชื•ืžื›ืช ื‘ื”ืขืจื›ื” ืžืคื•ืจื˜ืช ืฉืœ ืžื ื’ื ื•ื ื™ื ืืœื” ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ื”ื›ื ืกืช ื›ืฉืœื™ื ื”ืžืคืขื™ืœื™ื ื ืชื™ื‘ื™ ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ื‘ืฉื’ื™ืื•ืช ืกืคืฆื™ืคื™ื™ื. ื ืชื™ื‘ื™ื ืืœื” ืขืฉื•ื™ื™ื ืœื›ืœื•ืœ ืฉื›ื‘ื•ืช ืื™ืžื•ืช ื ืชื•ื ื™ื, ืคืขื•ืœื•ืช ื ื™ืกื™ื•ืŸ ื—ื•ื–ืจ, ืฉื’ืจื•ืช ื ื™ื”ื•ืœ ื—ืจื™ื’ื™ื ื•ืžืขื‘ืจื™ื ื’ื™ื‘ื•ื™ื™ื. ื›ืฉืœ ื‘ืื—ื“ ืžืžื ื’ื ื•ื ื™ื ืืœื” ืคื•ื’ืข ื‘ืืžื™ื ื•ืช ื”ืžืขืจื›ืช ื•ืขืœื•ืœ ืœื’ืจื•ื ืœืคืœื˜ื™ื ืฉื’ื•ื™ื™ื, ื‘ื™ืฆื•ืขื™ื ืคื’ื•ืžื™ื ืื• ืฉื™ื‘ื•ืฉื™ื ืžื“ื•ืจื’ื™ื.

ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ืืžื™ืŸ ื‘ืฉื’ื™ืื•ืช ื“ื•ืจืฉ ื”ืชื ื”ื’ื•ืช ืฆืคื•ื™ื” ื‘ืžื’ื•ื•ืŸ ืชื ืื™ ื›ืฉืœ. ืฆื•ื•ืชื™ื ืžืขืจื™ื›ื™ื ื›ื™ืฆื“ ื›ืœ ืจื›ื™ื‘ ืžืื•ืชืช ืขืœ ืฉื’ื™ืื•ืช, ื›ื™ืฆื“ ืฉื’ื™ืื•ืช ืžืชืคืฉื˜ื•ืช ื•ื›ื™ืฆื“ ืคืขื•ืœื•ืช ื’ื™ื‘ื•ื™ ืžื‘ื•ืฆืขื•ืช ืชื—ืช ืœื—ืฅ. ื›ืืฉืจ ื›ืฉืœื™ื ืžื‘ื•ืงืจื™ื ืžืคืขื™ืœื™ื ื ืชื™ื‘ื™ ืœื•ื’ื™ืงื” ืžื•ืจื›ื‘ื™ื, ืฆื•ื•ืชื™ ื”ื ื“ืกื” ืฆื•ืคื™ื ื‘ื”ืชื ื”ื’ื•ื™ื•ืช ืขื“ื™ื ื•ืช ืฉืขืฉื•ื™ื•ืช ืฉืœื ืœื”ื•ืคื™ืข ื‘ืžื”ืœืš ื‘ื™ืฆื•ืข ืฉื’ืจืชื™. ืชื•ื‘ื ื•ืช ืžืžื—ืงืจื™ ื’ื™ืœื•ื™ ืฉื’ื™ืื•ืช ื›ื’ื•ืŸ ื“ื™ื•ื ื™ื ืขืœ... ื‘ื™ืฆื•ืขื™ ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ื‘ื—ืจื™ื’ื™ื ืœืกืคืง ื”ืงืฉืจ ืžื•ืขื™ืœ ืœืชื›ื ื•ืŸ ื”ืขืจื›ื•ืช ืฉื—ื•ืฉืคื•ืช ืฆื•ื•ืืจื™ ื‘ืงื‘ื•ืง ื‘ื‘ื™ืฆื•ืขื™ื ื•ื”ืคืขืœื•ืช ื’ื™ื‘ื•ื™ ืฉื’ื•ื™ื•ืช. ื”ืขืจื›ื•ืช ืืœื• ืžื–ื”ื•ืช ืกืคื™ื ืฉืชืฆื•ืจืชื ืฉื’ื•ื™, ืžืขื‘ืจื™ ืžืฆื‘ ื‘ืœืชื™ ืฆืคื•ื™ื™ื ืื• ื‘ื“ื™ืงื•ืช ืื™ืžื•ืช ื—ืกืจื•ืช ื”ืžื—ืœื™ืฉื•ืช ืืช ื”ื—ื•ืกืŸ.

ืืžื™ื ื•ืช ื’ื™ื‘ื•ื™ ื—ืฉื•ื‘ื” ื‘ืื•ืชื” ืžื™ื“ื”. ืžื ื’ื ื•ื ื™ ื’ื™ื‘ื•ื™ ืžืืคืฉืจื™ื ืœืžืขืจื›ื•ืช ืœืฉืžื•ืจ ืขืœ ืคื•ื ืงืฆื™ื•ื ืœื™ื•ืช ื—ืœืงื™ืช ื‘ืžื”ืœืš ืžืฆื‘ื™ ืชืงืœื”, ืืš ืจืง ื›ืืฉืจ ื”ื ืžื™ื•ืฉืžื™ื ื‘ืขืงื‘ื™ื•ืช ื•ื‘ื“ื™ื•ืง. ืžื“ื“ื™ ื”ื–ืจืงืช ืชืงืœื•ืช ืžื’ืœื™ื ื”ืื ืœื•ื’ื™ืงืช ื’ื™ื‘ื•ื™ ืžื•ืคืขืœืช ื‘ื–ืžืŸ ื”ื ื›ื•ืŸ, ื”ืื ื”ื™ื ืฉื•ืžืจืช ืขืœ ื”ืชื ื”ื’ื•ืช ื ื›ื•ื ื”, ื•ื”ืื ื”ื™ื ืžื—ื–ื™ืจื” ืืช ื”ืžืขืจื›ืช ืœืคืขื•ืœื” ืจื’ื™ืœื” ืœืื—ืจ ืคืชืจื•ืŸ ื”ื›ืฉืœ. ื”ืคืขืœื” ืฉื’ื•ื™ื” ืฉืœ ื’ื™ื‘ื•ื™ ืขืœื•ืœื” ืœื”ืกื•ื•ืช ื‘ืขื™ื•ืช ืขืžื•ืงื•ืช ื™ื•ืชืจ ืื• ืœื’ืจื•ื ืœืชื•ืคืขื•ืช ืœื•ื•ืื™ ืœื ืžื›ื•ื•ื ื•ืช, ื‘ืขื•ื“ ืฉื“ืคื•ืกื™ ื’ื™ื‘ื•ื™ ืื’ืจืกื™ื‘ื™ื™ื ืžื“ื™ ืขืœื•ืœื™ื ืœื”ืขืžื™ืก ื™ืชืจ ืขืœ ื”ืžื™ื“ื” ืขืœ ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ื ื‘ืžื•ืจื“ ื”ื–ืจื.

ืืจื’ื•ื ื™ื ืžืฉืคืจื™ื ืืช ื—ื•ืกืŸ ื”ืืจื’ื•ืŸ ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ืฉื™ืคื•ืจ ืžืชืžื™ื“ ืฉืœ ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ื‘ืฉื’ื™ืื•ืช ื•ืžื‘ื ื™ ื’ื™ื‘ื•ื™ ื”ืžื‘ื•ืกืกื™ื ืขืœ ืชื•ืฆืื•ืช ื”ื–ืจืงืช ืชืงืœื•ืช. ืžื“ื“ื™ื ื›ื’ื•ืŸ ืชื“ื™ืจื•ืช ืฉื’ื™ืื•ืช, ืžื”ื™ืจื•ืช ื”ืชืคืฉื˜ื•ืช ืฉื’ื™ืื•ืช, ืชื–ืžื•ืŸ ื”ืคืขืœืช ื’ื™ื‘ื•ื™ ื•ื“ื™ื•ืง ื”ืชืื•ืฉืฉื•ืช ืžื ื—ื™ื ืฉื™ืคื•ืจื™ื ืื“ืจื™ื›ืœื™ื™ื ื•ืชืคืขื•ืœื™ื™ื. ื›ื›ืœ ืฉื”ืžืขืจื›ื•ืช ืžืชืคืชื—ื•ืช, ืžื ื’ื ื•ื ื™ื ืืœื” ื“ื•ืจืฉื™ื ื”ืขืจื›ื” ืกื“ื™ืจื” ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ื‘ื˜ื™ื— ืฉื”ื ื™ื™ืฉืืจื• ื™ืขื™ืœื™ื. ื”ื–ืจืงืช ืชืงืœื•ืช ืžืฆื™ืขื” ืืช ื”ืฉื™ื˜ื” ื”ืืžื™ื ื” ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ืœืื™ืฉื•ืจ ืฉืžืกืœื•ืœื™ ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ื‘ืฉื’ื™ืื•ืช ืคื•ืขืœื™ื ื‘ืฆื•ืจื” ืฆืคื•ื™ื” ื•ืžื•ืชืืžื™ื ืœื“ืจื™ืฉื•ืช ื”ื—ื•ืกืŸ ื”ืืจื’ื•ื ื™.

ืื™ืžื•ืช ื’ื‘ื•ืœื•ืช ื‘ื™ื“ื•ื“ ื•ื‘ืœื™ืžืช ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ื

ื’ื‘ื•ืœื•ืช ื‘ื™ื“ื•ื“ ืงื•ื‘ืขื™ื ืขื“ ื›ืžื” ืžืขืจื›ืช ืžื›ื™ืœื” ื›ืฉืœื™ื ื‘ืชื•ืš ืจื›ื™ื‘ื™ื ืžื•ืฉืคืขื™ื. ื‘ื™ื“ื•ื“ ื—ื–ืง ืžื•ื ืข ื”ืชืคืฉื˜ื•ืช ืฉื™ื‘ื•ืฉื™ื ืขืœ ืคื ื™ ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ื, ื‘ืขื•ื“ ืฉื’ื‘ื•ืœื•ืช ื—ืœืฉื™ื ืžืืคืฉืจื™ื ืœื‘ืขื™ื•ืช ืžืงื•ืžื™ื•ืช ืœื”ืกืœื™ื ืœื”ืคืกืงื•ืช ืžืขืจื›ืชื™ื•ืช. ื”ื–ืจืงืช ืชืงืœื•ืช ืžืกืคืงืช ืฉื™ื˜ื” ื™ืฉื™ืจื” ืœืื™ืžื•ืช ื’ื‘ื•ืœื•ืช ืืœื” ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ื”ื›ื ืกืช ื›ืฉืœื™ื ื”ืžืืชื’ืจื™ื ื‘ืงืจื•ืช ื‘ืœื™ืžื”. ื›ืฉืœื™ื ืืœื” ืขืฉื•ื™ื™ื ืœื›ืœื•ืœ ืชืงืœื•ืช ืชืœื•ืช, ืคืกืงื™ ื–ืžืŸ ืฉืœ ืชืงืฉื•ืจืช ืื• ื—ื•ืกืจ ื–ืžื™ื ื•ืช ืฉืœ ืฉื™ืจื•ืช. ื”ืชื‘ื•ื ื ื•ืช ื‘ืชื’ื•ื‘ืช ื”ืžืขืจื›ืช ืžื’ืœื” ื”ืื ืืžืฆืขื™ ื”ื”ื’ื ื” ื”ืืจื›ื™ื˜ืงื˜ื•ื ื™ื™ื ืคื•ืขืœื™ื ื›ืžืชื•ื›ื ืŸ.

ื ื™ืชื•ื— ื‘ื™ื“ื•ื“ ืžืชื—ื™ืœ ื‘ื”ื‘ื ืช ื”ืงืฉืจื™ื ื‘ื™ืŸ ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ื, ื–ืจื™ืžืช ื ืชื•ื ื™ื ื•ืžืฉืื‘ื™ื ืžืฉื•ืชืคื™ื. ื˜ื›ื ื™ืงื•ืช ื›ื’ื•ืŸ ืžื™ืคื•ื™ ืžื‘ื ื™, ื’ืจืคื™ ืชืœื•ืช ื•ืžืขืงื‘ ืื—ืจ ื–ืžืŸ ืจื™ืฆื” ืžื“ื’ื™ืฉื•ืช ืืช ื”ืžืกืœื•ืœื™ื ืฉื“ืจื›ื ื›ืฉืœื™ื ืขืœื•ืœื™ื ืœื”ืชืคืฉื˜. ืžื—ืงืจื™ื ืขืœ ื‘ืขื™ื•ืช ืžื•ื“ืจื ื™ื–ืฆื™ื” ืฉืœ ืžืขืจื›ื•ืช, ื›ื•ืœืœ ืืœื• ื”ืžืชื•ืืจื•ืช ื‘ื ื™ืชื•ื—ื™ื ืฉืœ ื”ื’ื™ืจื•ืช ื‘ื™ืŸ ืคืœื˜ืคื•ืจืžื•ืช, ืžืžื—ื™ืฉื™ื ื›ื™ืฆื“ ืชืœื•ื™ื•ืช ืžื“ื•ืจ ืงื•ื“ื ืขืฉื•ื™ื•ืช ืœื”ื—ืœื™ืฉ ืืช ื’ื‘ื•ืœื•ืช ื”ื‘ื™ื“ื•ื“ ื‘ืกื‘ื™ื‘ื•ืช ื”ื™ื‘ืจื™ื“ื™ื•ืช. ืฉื™ืœื•ื‘ ืชื•ื‘ื ื•ืช ืžื”ืขืจื›ื•ืช ืืœื• ืžืกื™ื™ืข ืœืฆื•ื•ืชื™ื ืœืชื›ื ืŸ ืชืจื—ื™ืฉื™ ืชืงืœื•ืช ืฉื‘ื•ื“ืงื™ื ื‘ืžื“ื•ื™ืง ืืช ื”ืชื ื”ื’ื•ืช ื”ื‘ืœื™ืžื” ืขืœ ืคื ื™ ืืจื›ื™ื˜ืงื˜ื•ืจื•ืช ืžืขื•ืจื‘ื•ืช.

ืžื“ื“ื™ื ืฉื ืืกืคื™ื ื‘ืžื”ืœืš ืื™ืžื•ืช ื”ื‘ื™ื“ื•ื“ ื›ื•ืœืœื™ื ื“ืคื•ืกื™ ืคื’ื™ืขื” ื‘ืฉื™ืจื•ืช, ืฆื™ืจื™ ื–ืžืŸ ืฉืœ ื”ืชืคืฉื˜ื•ืช, ื—ืชื™ืžื•ืช ื›ืฉืœ ื‘ื™ืŸ ืจื›ื™ื‘ื™ื ื•ืชื ื•ื“ื•ืช ื‘ื‘ื™ืฆื•ืขื™ื ื›ืœืœ-ืžืขืจื›ืชื™ื™ื. ืฆื•ื•ืชื™ื ืงื•ื‘ืขื™ื ื”ืื ื›ืฉืœื™ื ื ืฉืืจื™ื ื‘ืชื•ืš ื”ื’ื‘ื•ืœื•ืช ื”ืฆืคื•ื™ื™ื ืื• ืžืชืจื—ื‘ื™ื ืœืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ื ืœื ืงืฉื•ืจื™ื. ื›ืืฉืจ ืžื ื’ื ื•ื ื™ ื‘ืœื™ืžื” ื ื›ืฉืœื™ื, ื”ื‘ืขื™ื” ืžื“ื’ื™ืฉื” ืœืขืชื™ื ืงืจื•ื‘ื•ืช ื—ื•ืกืจ ื™ื™ืฉื•ืจ ืืจื›ื™ื˜ืงื˜ื•ื ื™ ื›ื’ื•ืŸ ืฆื™ืžื•ื“ ืžืฉืื‘ื™ื ืžืฉื•ืชืคื™ื, ืœื•ื’ื™ืงื” ืœื ืžืกืคืงืช ืฉืœ ืžืคืกืง ืžืขื’ืœ ืื• ืชื™ืื•ื ื’ื™ื‘ื•ื™ ืœืงื•ื™. ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ื‘ื—ื•ืœืฉื•ืช ืืœื• ืžื—ื–ืง ืืช ื”ื—ื•ืกืŸ ื”ืชืคืขื•ืœื™ ื•ืžืคื—ื™ืช ืืช ื”ืกื‘ื™ืจื•ืช ืœื”ืคืกืงื•ืช ืžื“ื•ืจื’ื•ืช.

ื‘ื™ื“ื•ื“ ื™ืขื™ืœ ืžืฉืคืจ ืืช ืืžื™ื ื•ืช ื”ืžืขืจื›ืช ื”ื›ื•ืœืœืช, ื‘ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ ื‘ืืจื›ื™ื˜ืงื˜ื•ืจื•ืช ืžื‘ื•ื–ืจื•ืช ืฉื‘ื”ืŸ ื›ืฉืœื™ื ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœื”ืชืคืฉื˜ ื‘ืžื”ื™ืจื•ืช. ืชื•ืฆืื•ืช ืฉืœ ื”ื–ืจืงืช ืชืงืœื•ืช ื”ืžื‘ื•ืกืกืช ืขืœ ื‘ื™ื“ื•ื“ ืžื ื—ื•ืช ื”ื—ืœื˜ื•ืช ื”ืงืฉื•ืจื•ืช ืœืคื™ืจื•ืง ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ื, ืขื™ืฆื•ื‘ ืžื—ื“ืฉ ืฉืœ ืžืžืฉืง ื•ืกื“ืจื™ ืขื“ื™ืคื•ื™ื•ืช ืœืžื•ื“ืจื ื™ื–ืฆื™ื”. ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ืื™ืžื•ืช ืฉื”ืžืขืจื›ืช ืžื›ื™ืœื” ืฉื™ื‘ื•ืฉื™ื ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืฆืคื•ื™, ืืจื’ื•ื ื™ื ืžืฉืคืจื™ื ืืช ื”ื™ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืช ื”ืชืคืขื•ืœื™ืช ื•ืฆื•ื‘ืจื™ื ื‘ื™ื˜ื—ื•ืŸ ื‘ื™ื›ื•ืœืชื ืœืขืžื•ื“ ื‘ืคื ื™ ื›ืฉืœื™ื ื‘ืœืชื™ ืฆืคื•ื™ื™ื ืœืœื ื”ืฉืคืขื” ื ืจื—ื‘ืช.

ืงื˜ื’ื•ืจื™ื•ืช ืžื“ื“ื™ื ืžืจื›ื–ื™ื•ืช ืœืžื“ื™ื“ืช ืชื•ืฆืื•ืช ื”ื–ืจืงืช ืชืงืœื•ืช

ื”ื–ืจืงืช ืชืงืœื•ืช ื”ื•ืคื›ืช ื‘ืขืœืช ืขืจืš ืจืง ื›ืืฉืจ ื”ืชืฆืคื™ื•ืช ื”ืžืชืงื‘ืœื•ืช ืžื•ืžืจื•ืช ืœืžื“ื“ื™ื ืžื“ื™ื“ื™ื ื”ืžืกื‘ื™ืจื™ื ื›ื™ืฆื“ ื™ื™ืฉื•ื ืžืชื ื”ื’ ื‘ืžื”ืœืš ืชื ืื™ ื›ืฉืœ. ืกื‘ื™ื‘ื•ืช ืืจื’ื•ื ื™ื•ืช ืžื•ื“ืจื ื™ื•ืช ื“ื•ืจืฉื•ืช ืžืกื’ืจืช ืžื“ื™ื“ื” ืžืžื•ืฉืžืขืช ืฉืœื•ื›ื“ืช ื”ืŸ ืืช ื”ื”ืฉืคืขื•ืช ื”ืžื™ื™ื“ื™ื•ืช ืฉืœ ืชืงืœื•ืช ืฉื”ื•ื–ืจืงื• ื•ื”ืŸ ืืช ื”ื”ืชื ื”ื’ื•ื™ื•ืช ื”ืžืฉื ื™ื•ืช ื”ืžืชืจื—ืฉื•ืช ื›ืืฉืจ ืจื›ื™ื‘ื™ื ืžืงื™ื™ืžื™ื ืื™ื ื˜ืจืืงืฆื™ื”. ืžื“ื“ื™ื ืืœื” ืžืืคืฉืจื™ื ืœืฆื•ื•ืชื™ ื”ื ื“ืกื” ืœื”ืขืจื™ืš ืืช ื‘ื™ืฆื•ืขื™ ื”ืžืขืจื›ืช, ื™ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืช ื”ืชืœื•ืช, ื ื›ื•ื ื•ืช ื”ื ืชื•ื ื™ื ื•ื™ื›ื•ืœืช ื”ื—ื™ื–ื•ื™ ืฉืœ ื”ื”ืชืื•ืฉืฉื•ืช ืชื—ืช ืฉื™ื‘ื•ืฉื™ื ืžื‘ื•ืงืจื™ื. ืžื“ื“ื™ื ื—ื™ื™ื‘ื™ื ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืžืคื•ืจื˜ื™ื ืžืกืคื™ืง ื›ื“ื™ ืœื—ืฉื•ืฃ ื—ื•ืœืฉื•ืช ืื“ืจื™ื›ืœื™ื•ืช ืชื•ืš ืฉืžื™ืจื” ืขืœ ืจื—ื‘ื•ืช ืžืกืคื™ืง ื›ื“ื™ ืœืฉืงืฃ ื“ื™ื ืžื™ืงื” ืชืคืขื•ืœื™ืช ืžื”ืขื•ืœื ื”ืืžื™ืชื™ ื‘ืžืขืจื›ื•ืช ืžื‘ื•ื–ืจื•ืช ืžื•ืจื›ื‘ื•ืช.

ื”ื ื“ืกืช ื—ื•ืกืŸ ืืจื’ื•ื ื™ ืžืกืชืžื›ืช ืขืœ ืžื“ื“ื™ื ื”ืžืชืืจื™ื ืืช ืžืฆื‘ ื”ืžืขืจื›ืช, ื”ืžืฉื›ื™ื•ืช ื”ืฉื™ืจื•ืช ื•ืขืงื‘ื™ื•ืช ื”ืชื ื”ื’ื•ืชื™ืช ืขืœ ืคื ื™ ืขื•ืžืกื™ ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ืžื’ื•ื•ื ื™ื. ืžื“ื“ื™ ื”ื–ืจืงืช ืชืงืœื•ืช ืœืจื•ื‘ ืžืงื™ืคื™ื ืชืฉืชื™ืช, ืœื•ื’ื™ืงืช ื™ื™ืฉื•ืžื™ื, ืชื ื•ืขืช ื ืชื•ื ื™ื ื•ืฉื›ื‘ื•ืช ืชื–ืžื•ืจ. ื”ื ืœื•ื›ื“ื™ื ืืช ื”ืžื”ื™ืจื•ืช ืฉื‘ื” ืžืชื’ืœื™ื ื›ืฉืœื™ื, ื‘ืื™ื–ื• ืžื™ื“ื” ืžื“ื•ื™ืงืช ืžื ื’ื ื•ื ื™ ื’ื™ื‘ื•ื™ ืคื•ืขืœื™ื, ื‘ืื™ื–ื• ื™ืขื™ืœื•ืช ืคื•ืขืœื™ื ื’ื‘ื•ืœื•ืช ื”ื‘ื™ื“ื•ื“, ื•ื‘ืื™ื–ื• ืขืงื‘ื™ื•ืช ืฉืœื‘ื™ ื”ื”ืชืื•ืฉืฉื•ืช ืžื•ืฉืœืžื™ื. ืชืžื™ื›ื” ื‘ื˜ื›ื ื™ืงื•ืช ืื ืœื™ื˜ื™ื•ืช ื›ื’ื•ืŸ ื”ืขืจื›ื” ืฉืœ ื“ื™ื•ืง ื ื™ืชื•ื— ื”ื”ืฉืคืขื” ืœืชืจื•ื ืœื”ื‘ื ื” ืขืฉื™ืจื” ื™ื•ืชืจ ืฉืœ ื”ืื•ืคืŸ ืฉื‘ื• ืชื•ืฆืื•ืช ืชืงืœื•ืช ืงืฉื•ืจื•ืช ืœืžื‘ื ื” ื”ืงื•ื“ ื•ืœืขื™ืฆื•ื‘ ื”ืชืœื•ืช. ื›ืืฉืจ ื”ืŸ ืžืชืคืจืฉื•ืช ื™ื—ื“, ืงื˜ื’ื•ืจื™ื•ืช ืžื“ื“ื™ื ืืœื• ืžืกืคืงื•ืช ืชืžื•ื ื” ืžืงื™ืคื” ืฉืœ ื—ื•ืกืŸ ื”ืžืขืจื›ืช.

ืžื“ื“ื™ ืชื–ืžื•ืŸ ื•ืžื“ื“ื™ ื ืจืื•ืช ืฉืœ ื’ื™ืœื•ื™ ื›ืฉืœ

ืžื“ื“ื™ ืชื–ืžื•ืŸ ื’ื™ืœื•ื™ ื›ืฉืœ ืžื•ื“ื“ื™ื ืืช ื”ืžื”ื™ืจื•ืช ืฉื‘ื” ื”ืžืขืจื›ืช ืžื–ื”ื” ืžืฆื‘ื™ื ื—ืจื™ื’ื™ื ื‘ืžื”ืœืš ืชืจื—ื™ืฉ ืชืงืœื”. ืžื“ื“ื™ื ืืœื” ืžืกืคืงื™ื ืชื•ื‘ื ื•ืช ืœื’ื‘ื™ ืจื’ื™ืฉื•ืช ื›ืœื™ ื”ื ื™ื˜ื•ืจ, ืชื’ื•ื‘ืชื™ื•ืช ืฉื’ืจื•ืช ื”ืื™ืžื•ืช ื•ื“ื™ื•ืง ื‘ื“ื™ืงื•ืช ื”ืชืงื™ื ื•ืช ื”ืžื’ื ื•ืช ืขืœ ื”ืžืฉื›ื™ื•ืช ื”ืฉื™ืจื•ืช. ืขื™ื›ื•ื‘ื™ื ื‘ื–ื™ื”ื•ื™ ืžืฉืคื™ืขื™ื ืœืขืชื™ื ืงืจื•ื‘ื•ืช ืขืœ ื—ื•ืžืจืช ื”ื”ืคืจืขื•ืช, ืžื›ื™ื•ื•ืŸ ืฉืžื”ื™ืจื•ืช ื”ื–ื™ื”ื•ื™ ืงื•ื‘ืขืช ืืช ื”ืžื”ื™ืจื•ืช ืฉื‘ื” ื ืชื™ื‘ื™ ื’ื™ืœื•ื™ ื•ืืžืฆืขื™ ื‘ืœื™ืžื” ืžื•ืคืขืœื™ื. ืชื–ืžื•ืŸ ื’ื™ืœื•ื™ ืœื ืขืงื‘ื™ ืขืฉื•ื™ ืœื”ืฆื‘ื™ืข ืขืœ ื‘ืขื™ื•ืช ืชืฆื•ืจื”, ื ืงื•ื“ื•ืช ื˜ืœืžื˜ืจื™ื” ื—ืกืจื•ืช ืื• ื ืงื•ื“ื•ืช ืžืชื•ืช ืื“ืจื™ื›ืœื™ื•ืช ื”ืžื•ื ืขื•ืช ืžื•ื“ืขื•ืช ื‘ื–ืžืŸ ืœื›ืฉืœื™ื.

ืžื“ื“ื™ ื ืจืื•ืช ืžืฉืœื™ืžื™ื ืืช ืชื–ืžื•ืŸ ื”ื’ื™ืœื•ื™ ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ื”ืขืจื›ืช ืžื™ื“ืช ื”ื‘ื™ืจื•ืจ ืฉืœ ืžื™ื•ืฆื’ื™ื ืื™ืจื•ืขื™ ื›ืฉืœ ืขืœ ืคื ื™ ืฉื›ื‘ื•ืช ืฆืคื™ื™ื”. ื‘ืกื‘ื™ื‘ื•ืช ืžื‘ื•ื–ืจื•ืช, ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ื ืžื™ื™ืฆืจื™ื ื™ื•ืžื ื™ ืจื™ืฉื•ื, ืžื“ื“ื™ื ื•ืขืงื‘ื•ืช ืฉื—ื™ื™ื‘ื™ื ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืžื™ื•ืฉืจื™ื ื›ื“ื™ ืœื™ืฆื•ืจ ืชืžื•ื ื” ืžื“ื•ื™ืงืช ืฉืœ ื”ืชื ื”ื’ื•ืช ื”ืžืขืจื›ืช. ื”ื–ืจืงืช ืชืงืœื•ืช ืžื’ืœื” ื”ืื ืื•ืชื•ืช ืืœื” ืžื•ืคื™ืขื™ื ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืขืงื‘ื™ ื‘ื›ืœ ื”ืจื›ื™ื‘ื™ื ื”ืจืœื•ื•ื ื˜ื™ื™ื ืื• ื”ืื ืงื™ื™ืžื™ื ืคืขืจื™ื ื”ืžืขื›ื‘ื™ื ืืช ื”ืื‘ื—ื•ืŸ. ื”ืขืจื›ื•ืช ืฉืœ ืืžื™ื ื•ืช ื˜ืœืžื˜ืจื™ื” ื ื”ื ื•ืช ืžื’ื™ืฉื•ืช ื“ื•ืžื•ืช ืœืืœื• ื”ืžื•ื“ื’ืฉื•ืช ื‘ื ื™ืชื•ื—ื™ื ืฉืœ ืชืคืงื™ื“ื™ ื˜ืœืžื˜ืจื™ื”ื˜ื›ื ื™ืงื•ืช ืืœื• ืžื“ื’ื™ืฉื•ืช ืืช ื”ื—ืฉื™ื‘ื•ืช ืฉืœ ืชื•ื‘ื ื•ืช ืžืชื•ืืžื•ืช ื‘ื™ืŸ ืคืœื˜ืคื•ืจืžื•ืช ื ื™ื˜ื•ืจ ืฉื•ื ื•ืช ื›ื“ื™ ืœืชืžื•ืš ื‘ื–ื™ื”ื•ื™ ืžื”ื™ืจ ื•ื‘ืคืจืฉื ื•ืช ืžื“ื•ื™ืงืช.

ืžื“ื“ื™ ื–ื™ื”ื•ื™ ื’ื ืขื•ื–ืจื™ื ืœืืจื’ื•ื ื™ื ืœื–ื”ื•ืช ื”ื™ื›ืŸ ื ื“ืจืฉ ืžื›ืฉื•ืจ ื ื•ืกืฃ. ืœื“ื•ื’ืžื”, ืฉื™ืจื•ืช ืจืงืข ืขืœื•ืœ ืœื”ื™ื›ืฉืœ ืžื‘ืœื™ ืœื™ื™ืฆืจ ืื•ืชื•ืช ื ืฆืคื™ื, ืžื” ืฉืžื•ื ืข ืžืžืขืจื›ื•ืช ืชืœื•ื™ื•ืช ืœื”ื’ื™ื‘ ื›ืจืื•ื™. ืชืจื’ื™ืœื™ ื”ื–ืจืงืช ืชืงืœื•ืช ื—ื•ืฉืคื™ื ืชืจื—ื™ืฉื™ื ื›ืืœื”, ื•ืžืืคืฉืจื™ื ืœืฆื•ื•ืชื™ื ืœื—ื–ืง ืืช ื’ื‘ื•ืœื•ืช ื”ื ื™ื˜ื•ืจ, ืœื”ืจื—ื™ื‘ ื ืงื•ื“ื•ืช ืื™ืกื•ืฃ ื ืชื•ื ื™ื ืื• ืœื—ื“ื“ ืืœื’ื•ืจื™ืชืžื™ ื–ื™ื”ื•ื™ ื”ืžืืžืชื™ื ื”ืชื ื”ื’ื•ืช ื‘ืžืขืœื” ื•ื‘ืžื•ืจื“ ื”ื–ืจื. ืชื•ื‘ื ื•ืช ืืœื• ืžื ื—ื•ืช ืฉื™ืคื•ืจื™ื ื‘ืืกื˜ืจื˜ื’ื™ื•ืช ื—ื•ืกืŸ ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ื—ืฉื™ืคืช ืคืขืจื™ื ืฉืกืงื™ืจื•ืช ืกื˜ื˜ื™ื•ืช ืื• ื›ืœื™ ื ื™ื˜ื•ืจ ืงื•ื ื‘ื ืฆื™ื•ื ืœื™ื™ื ืขืฉื•ื™ื™ื ืœื”ืชืขืœื ืžื”ื.

ื›ืืฉืจ ืžื“ื“ื™ ื–ื™ื”ื•ื™ ื•ื ืจืื•ืช ืžืฆื˜ื‘ืจื™ื ืœืื•ืจืš ื–ืžืŸ, ื”ื ืžืืคืฉืจื™ื ื ื™ืชื•ื— ืžื’ืžื•ืช ื”ืชื•ืžืš ื‘ืฉื™ืคื•ืจ ืžืชืžื™ื“. ืื ืชืจื—ื™ืฉื™ื ื—ื•ื–ืจื™ื ืžืจืื™ื ื–ืžื ื™ ื–ื™ื”ื•ื™ ืžื”ื™ืจื™ื ื™ื•ืชืจ ืื• ืžืชืื ื—ื–ืง ื™ื•ืชืจ ื‘ื™ืŸ ืื•ืชื•ืช ื ื™ื˜ื•ืจ, ื”ืฉื™ืคื•ืจื™ื ืžืืฉืจื™ื ื›ื™ ื”ืชืืžื•ืช ืื“ืจื™ื›ืœื™ื•ืช ื•ืฉื™ืคื•ืจื™ ืžื›ืฉื•ืจ ืžืกืคืงื™ื ืขืจืš ืžื“ื™ื“. ืžืขืงื‘ ืื—ืจ ืžื“ื“ื™ื ืืœื” ื‘ืคืจื™ืกื•ืช ืฉื•ื ื•ืช ื’ื ืขื•ื–ืจ ืœืืจื’ื•ื ื™ื ืœืืžืช ื”ืื ืืžืฆืขื™ ื”ื’ื ื” ืขืœ ื—ื•ืกืŸ ืฉื•ืžืจื™ื ืขืœ ื™ืขื™ืœื•ืช ื›ื›ืœ ืฉืžื•ืจื›ื‘ื•ืช ื”ืžืขืจื›ืช ืžืชืคืชื—ืช.

ื“ืคื•ืก ืคื™ืจื•ืง ื•ืžื“ื“ื™ ื™ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืช

ืžื“ื“ื™ ืคื’ื™ืขื” ืžืชืžืงื“ื™ื ื‘ื”ืชื ื”ื’ื•ืช ื”ืžืขืจื›ืช ื”ืžืชืจื—ืฉืช ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืจื’ืข ืฉื‘ื• ืžื•ื›ื ืกืช ืชืงืœื” ืœื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ื ืงื•ื“ื” ืฉื‘ื” ืžื•ืคืขืœื™ื ืžื ื’ื ื•ื ื™ ื”ืชืื•ืฉืฉื•ืช ืื• ื’ื™ื‘ื•ื™. ืžื“ื“ื™ื ืืœื” ืžืืคื™ื™ื ื™ื ืืช ืžืฆื‘ ื”ืžืขื‘ืจ ืฉืœ ื”ื™ื™ืฉื•ื, ื•ืžืฆื™ืขื™ื ืชื•ื‘ื ื•ืช ืœื’ื‘ื™ ื™ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืช ื”ื‘ื™ืฆื•ืขื™ื, ื ื™ืฆื•ืœ ื”ืžืฉืื‘ื™ื ื•ืขืงื‘ื™ื•ืช ืชืคืงื•ื“ื™ืช ื‘ืžื”ืœืš ืฉื™ื‘ื•ืฉ. ื”ื‘ื ืช ื“ืคื•ืกื™ ืคื’ื™ืขื” ื—ื™ื•ื ื™ืช ืžืฉื•ื ืฉื”ื ื—ื•ืฉืคื™ื ื›ื™ืฆื“ ืžืฉืชืžืฉื™ื ื—ื•ื•ื™ื ืืช ื”ืžืขืจื›ืช ื‘ืžื”ืœืš ื›ืฉืœื™ื ื—ืœืงื™ื™ื. ื‘ืขื•ื“ ืฉื”ืคืกืงื•ืช ืžืœืื•ืช ื”ืŸ ื ื“ื™ืจื•ืช, ืื™ืจื•ืขื™ ืคื’ื™ืขื” ืžืชืจื—ืฉื™ื ืœืขืชื™ื ืงืจื•ื‘ื•ืช, ื•ืžืืคื™ื™ื ื™ื”ื ืžืฉืคื™ืขื™ื ืขืœ ืืžื™ื ื•ืช ื”ืชื”ืœื™ื›ื™ื ื”ืขืกืงื™ื™ื.

ื”ื–ืจืงืช ืชืงืœื•ืช ืžื“ื’ื™ืฉื” ื”ืชื ื”ื’ื•ืช ืฉืœ ืคื’ื™ืขื” ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ื”ืคืขืœืช ื ืชื™ื‘ื™ ืงื•ื“, ื–ืจื™ืžื•ืช ื˜ืจื ื–ืงืฆื™ื•ืช ื•ืื™ื ื˜ืจืืงืฆื™ื•ืช ืžืฉืื‘ื™ื ืฉืื™ื ืŸ ืžื•ืคื™ืขื•ืช ื‘ืžื”ืœืš ืคืขื•ืœื” ืจื’ื™ืœื”. ืžืขืจื›ื•ืช ืขืฉื•ื™ื•ืช ืœื”ืฆื™ื’ ื–ืžื ื™ ืชื’ื•ื‘ื” ืื™ื˜ื™ื™ื, ืžืฆื‘ื™ ื ืชื•ื ื™ื ืœื ืขืงื‘ื™ื™ื ืื• ื”ืชื ื”ื’ื•ืช ืชืœื•ืช ื‘ืœืชื™ ืฆืคื•ื™ื”. ื”ืขืจื›ื•ืช ืื ืœื™ื˜ื™ื•ืช ื“ื•ืžื•ืช ืœืืœื• ืืœื™ื”ืŸ ืžืชื™ื™ื—ืกื™ื ื‘ื”ืขืจื›ื•ืช ืฉืœ ื ื™ืชื•ื— ืกื˜ื˜ื™ ืœื‘ื™ืฆื•ืขื™ื ืœืขื–ื•ืจ ืœืฆื•ื•ืชื™ื ืœืคืจืฉ ื›ื™ืฆื“ ื“ืคื•ืกื™ ื”ื”ื™ื“ืจื“ืจื•ืช ื”ืœืœื• ืงืฉื•ืจื™ื ืœืืจื›ื™ื˜ืงื˜ื•ืจื” ื”ื‘ืกื™ืกื™ืช. ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ืงื™ืฉื•ืจ ืชื•ืฆืื•ืช ืขื ืžื‘ื ื™ ืงื•ื“ ื•ืชืœื•ืช ืชืคืขื•ืœื™ื•ืช, ืฆื•ื•ืชื™ื ืงื•ื‘ืขื™ื ื”ื™ื›ืŸ ืฉื™ืคื•ืจื™ ื—ื•ืกืŸ ื”ื ื”ื™ืขื™ืœื™ื ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ.

ืžื“ื“ื™ ื™ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืช ืžืขืจื™ื›ื™ื ื”ืื ื”ืžืขืจื›ืช ืฉื•ืžืจืช ืขืœ ื”ืชื ื”ื’ื•ืช ืฆืคื•ื™ื” ื‘ืžื”ืœืš ื”ื”ื™ื“ืจื“ืจื•ืช. ื™ื›ื•ืœืช ื—ื™ื–ื•ื™ ื”ื™ื ืงืจื™ื˜ื™ืช ืœืงื‘ื™ืขืช ื”ืื ืžื ื’ื ื•ื ื™ ื’ื™ื‘ื•ื™ ืคื•ืขืœื™ื ื‘ืฆื•ืจื” ืืžื™ื ื”. ืžืขืจื›ืช ืขืฉื•ื™ื” ืœื”ื™ืฉืืจ ืคืขื™ืœื” ื—ืœืงื™ืช, ืืš ืœื”ืคื’ื™ืŸ ื‘ื™ืฆื•ืขื™ื ืœื ืขืงื‘ื™ื™ื ื‘ื™ืŸ ืขืกืงืื•ืช. ื—ื•ืกืจ ื™ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืช ื›ื–ื• ืžื’ื“ื™ืœื” ืืช ื”ืกื™ื›ื•ืŸ ื”ืชืคืขื•ืœื™ ืžื›ื™ื•ื•ืŸ ืฉื”ื™ื ืžืกื‘ื›ืช ื”ื—ืœื˜ื•ืช ื ื™ืชื•ื‘, ืืกื˜ืจื˜ื’ื™ื•ืช ืื™ื–ื•ืŸ ืขื•ืžืกื™ื ื•ืฆื™ืคื™ื•ืช ื—ื•ื•ื™ื™ืช ืžืฉืชืžืฉ. ืชืจื—ื™ืฉื™ ื”ื–ืจืงืช ืชืงืœื•ืช ืžื•ื“ื“ื™ื ืชื ื•ื“ื•ืช ื‘ื”ืฉื”ื™ื”, ืชืคื•ืงื”, ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ ืฉื’ื™ืื•ืช ื•ื ื™ืฆื•ืœ ืžืฉืื‘ื™ื ื‘ืžื”ืœืš ื—ืœื•ืŸ ื”ื”ื™ื“ืจื“ืจื•ืช. ืื™ื ื“ื™ืงื˜ื•ืจื™ื ืืœื” ืžื’ืœื™ื ื”ืื ื—ื•ืกืจ ื™ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืช ื ื•ื‘ืข ืžืœื•ื’ื™ืงื” ืœื ืžื™ื•ืฉืจืช ืฉืœ ื ื™ืกื™ื•ืŸ ื—ื•ื–ืจ, ื‘ื™ื“ื•ื“ ืžืฉืื‘ื™ื ืœื ืžืกืคืง ืื• ืชืœื•ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืžื•ืจื“ ื”ื–ืจื ืขื ืงื™ื‘ื•ืœืช ืžื•ื’ื‘ืœืช.

ื”ื‘ื ืช ื”ืชื ื”ื’ื•ืช ื”ืคื’ื™ืขื” ืชื•ืžื›ืช ื‘ืชื›ื ื•ืŸ ืžื•ื“ืจื ื™ื–ืฆื™ื” ื•ื‘ืฉื™ืคื•ืจื™ื ืืจื›ื™ื˜ืงื˜ื•ื ื™ื™ื. ืฆื•ื•ืชื™ื ืžืฉืชืžืฉื™ื ื‘ืžื“ื“ื™ื ืืœื” ื›ื“ื™ ืœืงื‘ื•ืข ื”ืื ื ื“ืจืฉ ืื—ืกื•ืŸ ื‘ืžื˜ืžื•ืŸ ื ื•ืกืฃ, ืชืฆื•ืจืช ืžืคืกืงื™ื ืžืฉื•ืคืจืช ืื• ื ื™ืชื•ืง ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ื ื—ื™ื–ื•ืง. ืขื ื”ื–ืžืŸ, ืžื“ื“ื™ ืคื’ื™ืขื” ืขื•ื–ืจื™ื ืœืืจื’ื•ื ื™ื ืœืงื‘ื•ืข ืกืคื™ื ืขืงื‘ื™ื™ื ืฉืœ ื—ื•ื•ื™ื™ืช ืžืฉืชืžืฉ, ื•ื™ื•ืฆืจื™ื ืกื‘ื™ื‘ืช ืชืคืขื•ืœื™ืช ืฆืคื•ื™ื” ื™ื•ืชืจ ื’ื ื‘ืชื ืื™ ืชืงืœื”.

ื–ืžืŸ ื”ืชืื•ืฉืฉื•ืช ื•ืžื“ื“ื™ ืฉื™ืงื•ื ืชืคืงื•ื“ื™

ืžื“ื“ื™ ื”ืชืื•ืฉืฉื•ืช ืงื•ื‘ืขื™ื ืืช ื”ืžื”ื™ืจื•ืช ื•ื”ื“ื™ื•ืง ืฉื‘ื” ืžืขืจื›ืช ื—ื•ื–ืจืช ืœืคืขื•ืœื” ืจื’ื™ืœื” ืœืื—ืจ ืกื™ื•ื ืžืฆื‘ ืชืงืœื”. ืžื“ื“ื™ื ืืœื” ื›ื•ืœืœื™ื ื–ืžืŸ ื”ืชืื•ืฉืฉื•ืช, ืืžื™ื ื•ืช ืจืฆืฃ ื”ืชืื•ืฉืฉื•ืช, ื“ื™ื•ืง ืฉื—ื–ื•ืจ ื”ืžืฆื‘ ื•ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ ืฉื’ื™ืื•ืช ืœืื—ืจ ื”ืชืื•ืฉืฉื•ืช. ื–ืžืŸ ื”ืชืื•ืฉืฉื•ืช ืžืฉืคื™ืข ืœืขืชื™ื ืงืจื•ื‘ื•ืช ืขืœ ืขืžื™ื“ื” ื‘ื™ืขื“ื™ ืจืžืช ื”ืฉื™ืจื•ืช ื•ืขืœ ืฉื‘ื™ืขื•ืช ืจืฆื•ืŸ ื”ืžืฉืชืžืฉื™ื, ืžื” ืฉื”ื•ืคืš ืื•ืชื• ืœืื—ื“ ืžืžื“ื“ื™ ื”ื—ื•ืกืŸ ื”ื—ืฉื•ื‘ื™ื ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ. ื”ื–ืจืงืช ืชืงืœื•ืช ืžืกืคืงืช ืฉื™ื˜ื” ืžื•ื‘ื ื™ืช ืœื”ืขืจื›ืช ืขืงื‘ื™ื•ืช ื”ืชืื•ืฉืฉื•ืช ืชื—ืช ืฉื™ื‘ื•ืฉื™ื ืžื‘ื•ืงืจื™ื.

ืžื“ื™ื“ื•ืช ื–ืžืŸ ื”ืชืื•ืฉืฉื•ืช ืžืชื—ื™ืœื•ืช ื‘ื”ืขืจื›ืช ื”ืžื”ื™ืจื•ืช ืฉื‘ื” ืจื›ื™ื‘ื™ ื”ืžืขืจื›ืช ืžื–ื”ื™ื ืฉื”ืชืงืœื” ื ืคืชืจื”. ื–ื™ื”ื•ื™ ืื™ื˜ื™ ืขืœื•ืœ ืœื”ืืจื™ืš ืžืฆื‘ื™ ื’ื™ืœื•ื™ ืžื™ื•ืชืจื™ื ืื• ืœื™ืฆื•ืจ ื—ื•ืกืจ ืขืงื‘ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืขื™ื‘ื•ื“ ื”ื ืชื•ื ื™ื. ืœืื—ืจ ืชื—ื™ืœืช ื”ื”ืชืื•ืฉืฉื•ืช, ืžื“ื“ื™ ื”ืฉื—ื–ื•ืจ ืžื•ื“ื“ื™ื ื”ืื ื”ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ื ืžืฉื™ื‘ื™ื ืœืžืฆื‘ ืคื ื™ืžื™ ืชืงื™ืŸ, ืžื—ื“ืฉื™ื ืืช ื”ืชืงืฉื•ืจืช ืขื ืจื›ื™ื‘ื™ื ืชืœื•ื™ื™ื ื•ืžืขื‘ื“ื™ื ืคืขื•ืœื•ืช ื‘ืชื•ืจ ืื• ื ื“ื—ื• ืœืœื ืฉื’ื™ืื•ืช. ื ืงื•ื“ื•ืช ืžื‘ื˜ ืื ืœื™ื˜ื™ื•ืช ืขืœ ืกื™ื›ื•ื ื™ ืขื™ื‘ื•ื“ ื ืชื•ื ื™ื, ื›ื’ื•ืŸ ื”ืขืจื›ื•ืช ืฉืœ ืื™-ื”ืชืืžื•ืช ื‘ืงื™ื“ื•ื“ ื ืชื•ื ื™ื, ืชื•ืžื›ื™ื ื‘ื”ื‘ื ื” ื›ื™ืฆื“ ืฉื—ื–ื•ืจ ืžืฆื‘ ืฉื’ื•ื™ ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื”ืฉืคื™ืข ืขืœ ื”ืชื ื”ื’ื•ืช ื‘ืžื•ืจื“ ื”ื–ืจื.

ืžื“ื“ื™ ืฉื—ื–ื•ืจ ืคื•ื ืงืฆื™ื•ื ืœื™ื™ื ืžืขืจื™ื›ื™ื ื’ื ื”ืื ื”ืžืขืจื›ืช ื—ื•ื–ืจืช ืœื”ืชื ื”ื’ื•ืช ื”ืืจื›ื™ื˜ืงื˜ื•ื ื™ืช ื”ืฆืคื•ื™ื”. ื”ื–ืจืงืช ืชืงืœื•ืช ืขืฉื•ื™ื” ืœื”ืคืขื™ืœ ื ืชื™ื‘ื™ ืœื•ื’ื™ืงื” ื—ืœื•ืคื™ื™ื, ืžืื’ืจื™ ื ืชื•ื ื™ื ื–ืžื ื™ื™ื ืื• ืžืฆื‘ื™ ืคืขื•ืœื” ืคื’ื•ืžื™ื. ืชื”ืœื™ืš ื”ืฉื—ื–ื•ืจ ื—ื™ื™ื‘ ืœื”ื‘ื˜ื™ื— ืฉืžื‘ื ื™ื ื–ืžื ื™ื™ื ืืœื” ืœื ื™ืคืจื™ืขื• ืœืขื™ื‘ื•ื“ ื”ืจื’ื™ืœ ืœืื—ืจ ืฉื”ื”ืคืจืขื” ืฉื•ื›ื›ืช. ืื ืœื•ื’ื™ืงืช ื’ื™ื‘ื•ื™ ื ืฉืืจืช ืคืขื™ืœื” ื—ืœืงื™ืช ืื• ืื ื”ืกื ื›ืจื•ืŸ ืื™ื ื• ืžืชืจื—ืฉ ื›ื”ืœื›ื”, ื”ืžืขืจื›ืช ืขืœื•ืœื” ืœื”ืฆื™ื’ ื—ื•ืกืจ ืขืงื‘ื™ื•ืช ืžื‘ื ื™ ืฉืžื•ื‘ื™ืœ ืœืคืœื˜ื™ื ืฉื’ื•ื™ื™ื ืื• ืื ื•ืžืœื™ื•ืช ื‘ื™ืฆื•ืขื™ื.

ืžืขืงื‘ ืื—ืจ ืžื“ื“ื™ ื”ืชืื•ืฉืฉื•ืช ืœืื•ืจืš ื–ืžืŸ ืžืกื™ื™ืข ืœืืจื’ื•ื ื™ื ืœื”ืขืจื™ืš ืืช ื™ืขื™ืœื•ืช ืฉื™ืคื•ืจื™ ื”ื—ื•ืกืŸ. ืื ืชืจื—ื™ืฉื™ ืชืงืœื•ืช ื—ื•ื–ืจื™ื ืžื“ื’ื™ืžื™ื ื–ืžื ื™ ื”ืชืื•ืฉืฉื•ืช ืžื”ื™ืจื™ื ื™ื•ืชืจ ื•ืคื—ื•ืช ืื ื•ืžืœื™ื•ืช ืฉื™ืงื•ื, ื”ืชื•ืฆืื•ืช ืžืืฉืจื•ืช ืฉืฉื™ื ื•ื™ื™ื ืื“ืจื™ื›ืœื™ื™ื ืžืฉืคืจื™ื ืืช ื”ืชื ื”ื’ื•ืช ื”ืžืขืจื›ืช. ืžื“ื“ื™ื ืืœื” ืชื•ืžื›ื™ื ื’ื ื‘ื ื™ืชื•ื— ื’ื•ืจืžื™ ืฉื•ืจืฉ, ื•ืžืืคืฉืจื™ื ืœืฆื•ื•ืชื™ื ืœื–ื”ื•ืช ื—ื•ืœืฉื•ืช ื”ืชืื•ืฉืฉื•ืช ืžืชืžืฉื›ื•ืช ื”ื“ื•ืจืฉื•ืช ืชื™ืงื•ืŸ ืžืžื•ืงื“. ื”ืขืจื›ื•ืช ื”ืชืื•ืฉืฉื•ืช ืžื—ื–ืงื•ืช ืืช ื”ื—ื•ืกืŸ ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ื”ื‘ื˜ื—ื” ืฉืชืจื—ื™ืฉื™ ืชืงืœื•ืช ืื™ื ื ืžื™ื™ืฆืจื™ื ื”ืฉืคืขื•ืช ืชืคืขื•ืœื™ื•ืช ืืจื•ื›ื•ืช ื˜ื•ื•ื— ืฉืคื•ื’ืขื•ืช ื‘ืืžื™ื ื•ืช ื”ืžืขืจื›ืช.

ืžื“ื“ื™ ื“ื™ื•ืง ืขื‘ื•ืจ ื”ืชื ื”ื’ื•ืช ื’ื™ื‘ื•ื™ ื•ืคื™ืฆื•ื™

ืžื“ื“ื™ ื“ื™ื•ืง ืฉืœ ื’ื™ื‘ื•ื™ ืžืขืจื™ื›ื™ื ื”ืื ืžืขืจื›ืช ืขื•ื‘ืจืช ื‘ืฆื•ืจื” ื ื›ื•ื ื” ืœื ืชื™ื‘ื™ ืœื•ื’ื™ืงื” ื—ืœื•ืคื™ื™ื ื‘ืžื”ืœืš ื›ืฉืœ. ืžื ื’ื ื•ื ื™ ื’ื™ื‘ื•ื™ ืžืืคืฉืจื™ื ื”ืžืฉืš ืคืขื•ืœื” ื‘ืชื ืื™ ืชืงืœื”, ืืš ืจืง ืื ื”ื ืžื™ื•ืฉืžื™ื ื‘ืขืงื‘ื™ื•ืช ื•ื‘ื“ื™ื•ืง. ื”ื–ืจืงืช ืชืงืœื•ืช ืžืกืคืงืช ืกื‘ื™ื‘ื” ืžื‘ื•ืงืจืช ืœืื™ืžื•ืช ื”ืชื ื”ื’ื•ื™ื•ืช ืืœื• ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ืื™ืœื•ืฅ ื”ืžืขืจื›ืช ืœื”ืกืชืžืš ืขืœ ืฉื’ืจื•ืช ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ื‘ืฉื’ื™ืื•ืช, ืคื™ืฆื•ื™ ืขืœ ืขืกืงืื•ืช ืื• ืงื™ืจื•ื‘ื™ื ืคื•ื ืงืฆื™ื•ื ืœื™ื™ื ื–ืžื ื™ื™ื.

ื“ื™ื•ืง ื’ื™ื‘ื•ื™ ืžืชื—ื™ืœ ื‘ืžื“ื™ื“ืช ื ื›ื•ื ื•ืช ื”ื”ืชื ื”ื’ื•ืช ื‘ืžื”ืœืš ื”ืžืฆื‘ ื”ื ืคื’ืข. ืžื“ื“ื™ื ืืœื” ืžืขืจื™ื›ื™ื ื”ืื ืœื•ื’ื™ืงืช ื’ื™ื‘ื•ื™ ืฉื•ืžืจืช ืขืœ ืฉืœืžื•ืช ื”ื ืชื•ื ื™ื, ืฉื•ืžืจืช ืขืœ ืขืงื‘ื™ื•ืช ืคื•ื ืงืฆื™ื•ื ืœื™ืช ื•ื ืžื ืขืช ืžื”ืคืขืœืช ื”ืฉืคืขื•ืช ื‘ืœืชื™ ืžื›ื•ื•ื ื•ืช ื‘ืžื•ืจื“ ื”ื–ืจื. ืชื•ื‘ื ื•ืช ืื ืœื™ื˜ื™ื•ืช ื”ืงืฉื•ืจื•ืช ืœืืชื’ืจื™ ืžื•ื“ืจื ื™ื–ืฆื™ื”, ื›ื’ื•ืŸ ืชืฆืคื™ื•ืช ืฉื ืžืฆืื• ื‘ื“ื™ื•ื ื™ื ืขืœ ืžื•ื“ืจื ื™ื–ืฆื™ื” ืฉืœ ืขื•ืžืก ื”ืขื‘ื•ื“ื”, ืขื•ื–ืจื™ื ืœืฆื•ื•ืชื™ื ืœื”ื‘ื™ืŸ ื›ื™ืฆื“ ืฉื’ืจื•ืช ื’ื™ื‘ื•ื™ ืžืงื™ื™ืžื•ืช ืื™ื ื˜ืจืืงืฆื™ื” ืขื ืจื›ื™ื‘ื™ ืžืขืจื›ืช ืฉืœื ืชื•ื›ื ื ื• ืœื”ื™ื“ืจื“ืจื•ืช ื“ื™ื ืžื™ืช. ืื™ื ื˜ืจืืงืฆื™ื•ืช ืืœื• ืžืฉืคื™ืขื•ืช ืขืœ ืืžื™ื ื•ืช ื‘ื™ืฆื•ืข ื’ื™ื‘ื•ื™ ื•ื™ืฉ ืœืืžืช ืื•ืชืŸ ื‘ืงืคื™ื“ื”.

ื”ืชื ื”ื’ื•ืช ืคื™ืฆื•ื™ ืžืฉื—ืงืช ืœืขืชื™ื ืงืจื•ื‘ื•ืช ืชืคืงื™ื“ ื›ืืฉืจ ืฉืœืžื•ืช ืขืกืงืื•ืช ื ืžืฆืืช ื‘ืกื™ื›ื•ืŸ. ืื ื›ืฉืœ ืžื•ื ืข ื”ืฉืœืžืช ืขืกืงื”, ืœื•ื’ื™ืงืช ื”ืคื™ืฆื•ื™ ืขืฉื•ื™ื” ืœื‘ื˜ืœ ืฉื™ื ื•ื™ื™ื ืื• ืœื”ื—ื™ืœ ืขืจื›ื™ื ืžืชืงื ื™ื. ื”ื–ืจืงืช ืชืงืœื•ืช ืžืขืจื™ื›ื” ื”ืื ืขืกืงืื•ืช ืคื™ืฆื•ื™ ืžื‘ื•ืฆืขื•ืช ื›ื”ืœื›ื” ืชื—ืช ืœื—ืฅ ื•ื”ืื ื”ืŸ ืžืžืฉื™ื›ื•ืช ืœืคืขื•ืœ ื›ืฆืคื•ื™ ื›ืืฉืจ ืจื›ื™ื‘ื™ื ื‘ืžืขืœื” ืื• ื‘ืžื•ืจื“ ื”ื–ืจื ืื™ื ื ื–ืžื™ื ื™ื. ืžื“ื“ื™ ื“ื™ื•ืง ื’ื™ื‘ื•ื™ ืžืขืจื™ื›ื™ื ื’ื ื”ืื ื”ืชื ื”ื’ื•ืช ื”ืคื™ืฆื•ื™ ืชื•ืืžืช ืืช ื›ืœืœื™ ื”ืขืกืง ื•ื“ืจื™ืฉื•ืช ื”ืชืื™ืžื•ืช.

ืืžื™ื ื•ืช ื’ื™ื‘ื•ื™ ื•ืคื™ืฆื•ื™ ืชื•ืจืžื™ื ืœื™ื›ื•ืœืชื” ืฉืœ ื”ืžืขืจื›ืช ืœื”ืžืฉื™ืš ืœืชืคืงื“ ื‘ืžื”ืœืš ืชื ืื™ ืชืงืœื” ืžื•ืจื›ื‘ื™ื. ืื ื“ื™ื•ืง ื’ื™ื‘ื•ื™ ื™ื•ืจื“ ืชื—ืช ืขื•ืžืก ืื• ื‘ืžื”ืœืš ื›ืฉืœื™ื ื‘ื• ื–ืžื ื™ืช, ื”ืžืขืจื›ืช ืขืœื•ืœื” ืœื”ื ื™ื‘ ืชื•ืฆืื•ืช ืœื ืขืงื‘ื™ื•ืช, ืžื” ืฉื™ื•ื‘ื™ืœ ืœืื™ืจื•ืขื™ื ืชืคืขื•ืœื™ื™ื ืื• ืœื—ืฉืฉื•ืช ืจื’ื•ืœื˜ื•ืจื™ื™ื. ืžืขืงื‘ ืื—ืจ ืžื“ื“ื™ ื’ื™ื‘ื•ื™ ืขืœ ืคื ื™ ืชืจื—ื™ืฉื™ื ืžืจื•ื‘ื™ื ืžืืคืฉืจ ืœืฆื•ื•ืชื™ื ืœืžื“ื•ื“ ืฉื™ืคื•ืจ ืœื˜ื•ื•ื— ืืจื•ืš ื•ืœื–ื”ื•ืช ืžื’ืžื•ืช ื™ืจื™ื“ื” ื‘ื—ื•ืกืŸ. ื”ืขืจื›ื•ืช ืืœื• ืžื‘ื˜ื™ื—ื•ืช ืฉืœื•ื’ื™ืงืช ื’ื™ื‘ื•ื™ ืชื™ืฉืืจ ืืžื™ื ื” ื’ื ื›ืืฉืจ ืžื•ืจื›ื‘ื•ืช ื”ืžืขืจื›ืช ืขื•ืœื”.

ื›ื™ืžื•ืช ื‘ืœื™ืžืช ื›ืฉืœ ื•ื”ืคื—ืชืช ืจื“ื™ื•ืก ืคื™ืฆื•ืฅ

ื‘ืœื™ืžืช ื›ืฉืœื™ื ื”ื™ื ืžืจื›ื™ื‘ ื—ื™ื•ื ื™ ื‘ื”ื ื“ืกืช ื—ื•ืกืŸ ืžืฉื•ื ืฉื”ื™ื ืงื•ื‘ืขืช ื”ืื ื”ืคืจืขื” ื ื•ืชืจืช ืžื‘ื•ื“ื“ืช ืื• ืžืชืจื—ื‘ืช ืœืื™ืจื•ืข ืจื—ื‘ ื™ื•ืชืจ. ื™ื™ืฉื•ืžื™ื ืžื‘ื•ื–ืจื™ื ืžืกืชืžื›ื™ื ืขืœ ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ื ืžื—ื•ื‘ืจื™ื, ื–ืจื™ืžื•ืช ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ืืกื™ื ื›ืจื•ื ื™ื•ืช ื•ืขืกืงืื•ืช ืžืจื•ื‘ื•ืช ืฉืœื‘ื™ื ื”ื™ื•ืฆืจื•ืช ืžืกืคืจ ืžืกืœื•ืœื™ื ืœื”ืชืคืฉื˜ื•ืช ืœื ืžื›ื•ื•ื ืช. ืื ื’ื‘ื•ืœื•ืช ื”ื‘ืœื™ืžื” ื—ืœืฉื™ื, ื”ืคืจืขื•ืช ืฉืžืงื•ืจืŸ ื‘ืชื—ื•ื ืื—ื“ ืขืœื•ืœื•ืช ืœื”ื›ื ื™ืก ื—ื•ืกืจ ื™ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืช ื‘ื™ืŸ ืจื›ื™ื‘ื™ื ืฉืื™ื ื ืงืฉื•ืจื™ื. ื”ื–ืจืงืช ืชืงืœื•ืช ืžืกืคืงืช ืืช ื”ืฉื™ื˜ื” ื”ืžื•ื‘ื ื™ืช ื”ื“ืจื•ืฉื” ืœื”ืขืจื›ืช ื’ื‘ื•ืœื•ืช ืืœื” ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ื”ื›ื ืกืช ื”ืคืจืขื•ืช ืžืžื•ืงื“ื•ืช ื•ืชืฆืคื™ืช ื”ืื ื”ืžืขืจื›ืช ืฉื•ืžืจืช ืขืœ ื‘ื™ื“ื•ื“. ืžื“ื“ื™ื ืฉื ืืกืคื• ื‘ืžื”ืœืš ื”ืขืจื›ื•ืช ืืœื” ื—ื•ืฉืคื™ื ืขื“ ื›ืžื” ื”ื™ื™ืฉื•ื ืžื’ื‘ื™ืœ ื›ืฉืœื™ื ื‘ืื–ื•ืจื™ ืชืคืขื•ืœ ืงื‘ื•ืขื™ื.

ืฆืžืฆื•ื ืจื“ื™ื•ืก ื”ืคื™ืฆื•ืฅ ืžืชืžืงื“ ื‘ืžื–ืขื•ืจ ื”ื”ืชืคืฉื˜ื•ืช ื”ื’ื™ืื•ื’ืจืคื™ืช ื•ื”ืชืคืงื•ื“ื™ืช ืฉืœ ื”ืคืจืขื•ืช ื‘ืจื—ื‘ื™ ื”ืžืขืจื›ืช ื”ืืงื•ืœื•ื’ื™ืช ืฉืœ ื”ื™ื™ืฉื•ืžื™ื. ื—ื•ืœืฉื•ืช ืืจื›ื™ื˜ืงื˜ื•ื ื™ื•ืช ืงืœื•ืช ืขืœื•ืœื•ืช ืœื”ืกืœื™ื ืœืื™ืจื•ืขื™ื ื—ืžื•ืจื™ื ืื ืจื›ื™ื‘ื™ื ืžื—ื•ื‘ืจื™ื ื”ื™ื˜ื‘ ืื• ืื ืœืฉื›ื‘ื•ืช ื”ืชืงืฉื•ืจืช ื—ืกืจ ืœื—ืฅ ืื—ื•ืจื™ ืžืกืคื™ืง. ืคืขืจื™ื ื‘ืฆืคื™ื™ื”, ืชืœื•ืช ื ืกืชืจืช ื•ืžืื‘ืง ืžืฉืื‘ื™ื ืœืขื™ืชื™ื ืงืจื•ื‘ื•ืช ืžืื™ืฆื™ื ืืช ื”ื”ืชืคืฉื˜ื•ืช. ื˜ื›ื ื™ืงื•ืช ืื ืœื™ื˜ื™ื•ืช ื“ื•ืžื•ืช ืœืืœื• ื”ืžื•ืฆื’ื•ืช ื‘ืžื—ืงืจ ืฉืœ ื”ืคืจื•ืช ืฉืœ ืขื™ืฆื•ื‘ ืกื˜ื˜ื™ืกื˜ื™ ืžืกืคืงื™ื ืชื•ื‘ื ื•ืช ืœื’ื‘ื™ ืคื’ืžื™ื ืžื‘ื ื™ื™ื ื”ืชื•ืจืžื™ื ืœืกื™ื›ื•ื ื™ื ืืœื”. ืžื“ื“ื™ ื”ื–ืจืงืช ืชืงืœื•ืช ืžืืคืฉืจื™ื ืœืฆื•ื•ืชื™ ื”ื ื“ืกื” ืœื–ื”ื•ืช ืืช ื”ืชื ืื™ื ื”ืžืคื—ื™ืชื™ื ื‘ืฆื•ืจื” ื”ื™ืขื™ืœื” ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ืืช ื”ืชืคืฉื˜ื•ืช ื”ื›ืฉืœ ื•ืžื—ื–ืงื™ื ืืช ื”ืžืขืจื›ืช ืžืคื ื™ ืคื’ื™ืขื” ืžื“ื•ืจื’ืช.

ืžื“ื™ื“ืช ืืžื™ื ื•ืช ื‘ืœื™ืžื” ืขืœ ืคื ื™ ืจื›ื™ื‘ื™ื ืžื‘ื•ื–ืจื™ื

ืืžื™ื ื•ืช ื‘ืœื™ืžื” ืžื•ื“ื“ืช ืืช ื™ื›ื•ืœืชื” ืฉืœ ื”ืžืขืจื›ืช ืœื”ื’ื‘ื™ืœ ื›ืฉืœ ืœืชื—ื•ื ืžื•ื’ื“ืจ. ืืจื›ื™ื˜ืงื˜ื•ืจื•ืช ืžื‘ื•ื–ืจื•ืช ืžืฉืชืžืฉื•ืช ื‘ืืกื˜ืจื˜ื’ื™ื•ืช ืคื™ืœื•ื— ื›ื’ื•ืŸ ื–ืจื™ืžื•ืช ื ืชื•ื ื™ื ืžื—ื•ืœืงื•ืช, ืฆืžืชื™ ืžื—ืฉื•ื‘ ืžื‘ื•ื“ื“ื™ื ื•ื’ื‘ื•ืœื•ืช ืฉื™ืจื•ืช ื›ื“ื™ ืœืžื ื•ืข ื”ืคืจืขื•ืช ืœื—ืฆื•ืช ืงื•ื•ื™ ืชืช-ืžืขืจื›ืช. ื”ื–ืจืงืช ืชืงืœื•ืช ืžืกืคืงืช ืืžืฆืขื™ ืžื‘ื•ืงืจ ืœื‘ื“ื™ืงืช ื’ื‘ื•ืœื•ืช ืืœื” ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ื”ื›ื ืกืช ื”ืคืจืขื•ืช ืœืจื›ื™ื‘ื™ื ื ื‘ื—ืจื™ื. ื›ืืฉืจ ื‘ืœื™ืžื” ื™ืขื™ืœื”, ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ื ืœื ืžื•ืฉืคืขื™ื ืžืžืฉื™ื›ื™ื ืœืคืขื•ืœ ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืฆืคื•ื™ ื’ื ื›ืืฉืจ ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ื ืกืžื•ื›ื™ื ืžืชื“ืจื“ืจื™ื.

ืื—ื“ ื”ืžื“ื“ื™ื ื”ืขื™ืงืจื™ื™ื ืœืืžื™ื ื•ืช ื‘ืœื™ืžื” ื”ื•ื ื”ืชื ื”ื’ื•ืช ืฉืจืฉืจืช ื”ืชืœื•ืช. ืื ืฉื™ืจื•ืช ืงืจื™ื˜ื™ ื‘ืžืขืœื” ื”ื–ืจื ื”ื•ืคืš ืœืœื ื–ืžื™ืŸ, ืžืขืจื›ื•ืช ื‘ืžื•ืจื“ ื”ื–ืจื ืฆืจื™ื›ื•ืช ืœื–ื”ื•ืช ืืช ื”ืžืฆื‘ ื•ืœืขื‘ื•ืจ ืœืžืฆื‘ื™ ื’ื™ื‘ื•ื™ ืฆืคื•ื™ื™ื. ื‘ืœื™ืžื” ื—ืœืฉื” ืžืฆื‘ื™ืขื” ืœืขืชื™ื ืงืจื•ื‘ื•ืช ืขืœ ืชืœื•ืช ืžืจื•ืžื–ืช ืื• ืื™ื ื˜ื’ืจืฆื™ื” ื ืกืชืจืช. ืฆื•ื•ืชื™ื ื—ื•ืฉืคื™ื ืœืขืชื™ื ืงืจื•ื‘ื•ืช ื‘ืขื™ื•ืช ืืœื• ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ื˜ื›ื ื™ืงื•ืช ื“ื•ืžื•ืช ืœ... ืžื™ืคื•ื™ ืฉื™ืžื•ืฉ ื‘ืชื•ื›ื ื™ืช, ืืฉืจ ื—ื•ืฉืคื•ืช ืื™ื ื˜ืจืืงืฆื™ื•ืช ื‘ื™ืŸ ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ื ืฉืœื ื ืœื›ื“ื• ื‘ืชื™ืขื•ื“ ืจืฉืžื™. ื”ื–ืจืงืช ืชืงืœื•ืช ื—ื•ืฉืคืช ื”ืื ื”ืคื’ื™ืขื” ื ื•ืชืจืช ืžืงื•ืžื™ืช ืื• ืžืชืคืฉื˜ืช ืขืœ ืคื ื™ ื ืชื™ื‘ื™ ื‘ื™ืฆื•ืข ืจื—ื‘ื™ื ื™ื•ืชืจ, ื“ื‘ืจ ื”ืžืฆื‘ื™ืข ืขืœ ืคืขืจื™ ื‘ืœื™ืžื” ืฉืขืฉื•ื™ื™ื ืœื“ืจื•ืฉ ืขื™ืฆื•ื‘ ืžื—ื“ืฉ.

ืขืงื‘ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืžืฆื‘ื™ื ื”ื™ื ืžืžื“ ืžืคืชื— ื ื•ืกืฃ. ืžืขืจื›ื•ืช ืžื‘ื•ื–ืจื•ืช ืฉื•ืžืจื•ืช ืขืœ ืžืฆื‘ ืชืคืขื•ืœื™ ืขืœ ืคื ื™ ืžื˜ืžื•ื ื™ื, ืชื•ืจื™ื ื•ืžืื’ืจื™ ื ืชื•ื ื™ื. ื›ืืฉืจ ื”ืคืจืขื” ืžืคืจื™ืขื” ืœืชื—ื•ื ืžืฆื‘ ืื—ื“, ืจื›ื™ื‘ื™ื ื‘ืชื—ื•ืžื™ื ืื—ืจื™ื ืฆืจื™ื›ื™ื ืœื”ื™ืฉืืจ ืœืœื ืฉื™ื ื•ื™. ืื ืื ื•ืžืœื™ื•ืช ืžืชื•ืืžื•ืช ืžื•ืคื™ืขื•ืช ืขืœ ืคื ื™ ื’ื‘ื•ืœื•ืช ื ืคืจื“ื™ื, ืžื•ื“ืœ ื”ืžืฆื‘ ืขืฉื•ื™ ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืžื‘ื•ื“ื“ ื›ืจืื•ื™. ื”ื–ืจืงืช ืชืงืœื•ืช ืžืกืคืงืช ืืช ื”ืจืื™ื•ืช ื”ื“ืจื•ืฉื•ืช ื›ื“ื™ ืœืงื‘ื•ืข ื”ืื ืžื‘ื ื™ ื‘ื™ื“ื•ื“ ื“ื•ืจืฉื™ื ื—ื™ื–ื•ืง ื›ื“ื™ ืœืžื ื•ืข ื—ื•ืกืจ ืขืงื‘ื™ื•ืช ืจื‘-ืชื—ื•ืžื™.

ื”ืชืคืชื—ื•ืช ืืจื›ื™ื˜ืงื˜ื•ื ื™ืช ืžืชืžืฉื›ืช ื™ื›ื•ืœื” ืœื”ื›ื ื™ืก ืชืœื•ื™ื•ืช ื—ื“ืฉื•ืช ืœืื•ืจืš ื–ืžืŸ. ื”ื–ืจืงืช ืชืงืœื•ืช ืžืฆื™ืขื” ืื™ืžื•ืช ื—ื•ื–ืจ ืœื›ืš ืฉื’ื‘ื•ืœื•ืช ื”ื‘ืœื™ืžื” ื ื•ืชืจื™ื ืฉืœืžื™ื ื•ืžื•ืชืืžื™ื ืœื“ืจื™ืฉื•ืช ื”ื—ื•ืกืŸ. ืชื•ืฆืื•ืช ืขืงื‘ื™ื•ืช ืขืœ ืคื ื™ ืžื—ื–ื•ืจื™ื ืžืจื•ื‘ื™ื ืžืฆื‘ื™ืขื•ืช ืขืœ ื›ืš ืฉืžื‘ื ื™ ื‘ืœื™ืžื” ืฉื•ืžืจื™ื ืขืœ ืฉืœืžื•ืชื ื”ืžื™ื•ืขื“ืช ื’ื ื›ืืฉืจ ื”ืžืขืจื›ืช ืžืชืคืชื—ืช.

ื”ืขืจื›ืช ื—ื•ืœืฉื•ืช ืžื‘ื ื™ื•ืช ื”ืžื’ื“ื™ืœื•ืช ืืช ื’ื•ื“ืœ ืจื“ื™ื•ืก ื”ืคื™ืฆื•ืฅ

ื—ื•ืœืฉื•ืช ืžื‘ื ื™ื•ืช ืžืฉืคื™ืขื•ืช ืžืื•ื“ ืขืœ ื”ื™ืงืฃ ื•ื›ืžื” ืžื”ืจ ื”ืชืคืฉื˜ื” ืชืงืœื”. ื—ื•ืœืฉื•ืช ืืœื• ื™ื›ื•ืœื•ืช ืœื›ืœื•ืœ ื ืชื™ื‘ื™ ืœื•ื’ื™ืงื” ืฆืžื•ื“ื™ื, ืžืฉืื‘ื™ ืžื—ืฉื•ื‘ ืžืฉื•ืชืคื™ื, ื–ืจื™ืžื•ืช ืขืกืงืื•ืช ืžื•ื ื•ืœื™ื˜ื™ื•ืช ืื• ืชืœื•ืช ื ืชื•ื ื™ื ืžืจื•ืžื–ืช. ื”ื–ืจืงืช ืชืงืœื•ืช ื—ื•ืฉืคืช ื›ื™ืฆื“ ื—ื•ืœืฉื•ืช ืืœื• ืžืงื™ื™ืžื•ืช ืื™ื ื˜ืจืืงืฆื™ื” ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ื”ืคืขืœืช ืฉื™ื‘ื•ืฉื™ื ืžื‘ื•ืงืจื™ื ื•ืฆืคื™ื™ื” ื”ืื ื™ืจื™ื“ื” ื‘ื‘ื™ืฆื•ืขื™ื ืื• ืื ื•ืžืœื™ื•ืช ื”ืชื ื”ื’ื•ืชื™ื•ืช ืžืชืคืฉื˜ื•ืช ืœืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ื ืฉืื™ื ื ืงืฉื•ืจื™ื.

ืžื—ืœื•ืงืช ืžืฉืื‘ื™ื ืžืฉื•ืชืคื™ื ื”ื™ื ืชื•ืจื ืชื›ื•ืฃ ืœื”ืจื—ื‘ืช ืจื“ื™ื•ืก ืคื™ืฆื•ืฅ. ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ื ื”ืžืกืชืžื›ื™ื ืขืœ ืชื•ืจ ืžืฉื•ืชืฃ, ืžืื’ืจ ื”ืœื™ื›ื™ื ืื• ืžื‘ื ื” ืงื‘ืฆื™ื ืขืœื•ืœื™ื ืœื—ื•ื•ืช ื›ืฉืœื™ื ืžื“ื•ืจื’ื™ื ื›ืืฉืจ ืจื›ื™ื‘ ื™ื—ื™ื“ ืžืชื ื”ื’ ื‘ืฆื•ืจื” ืœื ืชืงื™ื ื”. ืชื•ื‘ื ื•ืช ื“ื•ืžื•ืช ืœืืœื• ืžืžื—ืงืจื™ื ืฉืœ ื“ืคื•ืกื™ ื—ื•ืกืจ ื™ืขื™ืœื•ืช ืงื‘ืฆื™ื ืœื”ื“ื’ื™ืฉ ื›ื™ืฆื“ ืฆื•ื•ืืจื™ ื‘ืงื‘ื•ืง ื‘ืžืฉืื‘ื™ื ืžืฉืคื™ืขื™ื ืขืœ ื”ืชื ื”ื’ื•ืช ื›ืœืœ-ืžืขืจื›ืชื™ืช. ื”ื–ืจืงืช ืชืงืœื•ืช ืขื•ื–ืจืช ืœืžื”ื ื“ืกื™ื ืœืžื“ื•ื“ ืืช ืžื”ื™ืจื•ืช ื”ืชืคืฉื˜ื•ืช ื“ืœื“ื•ืœ ื”ืžืฉืื‘ื™ื ื•ื”ืื ืืžืฆืขื™ ื”ื’ื ื” ื›ื’ื•ืŸ ื”ื’ื‘ืœืช ืงืฆื‘ ืื• ื ื™ืชื•ืง ืขื•ืžืกื™ื ืžื’ื‘ื™ืœื™ื ืืช ืžืคืœ ื”ืชื”ืœื™ื›ื™ื.

ืฆื™ืžื•ื“ ืœื•ื’ื™ ื’ื ืžื’ื“ื™ืœ ืืช ืงื ื” ื”ืžื™ื“ื” ืฉืœ ืจื“ื™ื•ืก ื”ืคื™ืฆื•ืฅ. ืจื›ื™ื‘ื™ื ืขืฉื•ื™ื™ื ืœื”ื™ืจืื•ืช ื‘ืœืชื™ ืชืœื•ื™ื™ื, ืืš ื ืชื™ื‘ื™ ื’ื™ื‘ื•ื™ ืื• ืฉื’ืจื•ืช ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ื‘ืฉื’ื™ืื•ืช ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœื™ืฆื•ืจ ืฆื™ืžื•ื“ ื ืกืชืจ ืฉืžื•ืคืขืœ ืจืง ื‘ืชื ืื™ื ื—ืจื™ื’ื™ื. ืขื™ื›ื•ื‘ ืจื’ื™ืœ ืขืœื•ืœ ืœื’ืจื•ื ืœืฉื™ืจื•ืช ืœื”ืคืขื™ืœ ื–ืจื™ืžืช ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ื—ืœื•ืคื™ืช ื”ืชืœื•ื™ื” ื‘ืชืช-ืžืขืจื›ืช ืื—ืจืช. ืื ืชืช-ืžืขืจื›ืช ื–ื• ื ืชืงืœืช ื‘ื‘ืขื™ื•ืช ื‘ื• ื–ืžื ื™ืช, ื”ื”ืฉืคืขื” ื”ืžืฉื•ืœื‘ืช ืขืœื•ืœื” ืœื”ืกืœื™ื ืœืื™ืจื•ืข ืจื—ื‘ ื™ื•ืชืจ. ื”ื–ืจืงืช ืชืงืœื•ืช ื—ื•ืฉืคืช ืฆื™ืžื•ื“ื™ื ื ืกืชืจื™ื ืืœื” ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ืื›ื™ืคืช ืื™ ืกื“ืจื™ื ื‘ืชื–ืžื•ืŸ ื•ืžืขืงื‘ ืื—ืจ ืื™ืœื• ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ื ืžืชื“ืจื“ืจื™ื ื‘ื• ื–ืžื ื™ืช.

ื”ืขืจื›ืช ื—ื•ืœืฉื•ืช ืžื‘ื ื™ื•ืช ืžืกื™ื™ืขืช ืœืืจื’ื•ื ื™ื ืœืชืขื“ืฃ ืฉื™ืคื•ืจื™ื ืื“ืจื™ื›ืœื™ื™ื. ื ื™ืชื•ืง ื–ืจื™ืžื•ืช ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ื˜ืจื ื–ืงืฆื™ื•ื ืœื™ื•ืช, ื—ื™ื–ื•ืง ืืกื˜ืจื˜ื’ื™ื•ืช ื—ืœื•ืงื” ื•ืขื™ื“ื•ืŸ ืœื•ื’ื™ืงืช ื ื™ืกื™ื•ืŸ ื—ื•ื–ืจ ื”ืŸ ืชื•ืฆืื•ืช ื ืคื•ืฆื•ืช ืฉืœ ื”ืขืจื›ื•ืช ืืœื•. ืžื“ื“ื™ื ืฉื ืืกืคื™ื ื‘ืžื”ืœืš ืžื—ื–ื•ืจื™ ื”ื–ืจืงืช ืชืงืœื•ืช ืžื“ื’ื™ืฉื™ื ื”ื™ื›ืŸ ืฉื™ื ื•ื™ื™ื ื‘ืืจื›ื™ื˜ืงื˜ื•ืจื” ืžื™ื™ืฆืจื™ื ืืช ื”ื”ืคื—ืชื” ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœื” ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ื‘ืจื“ื™ื•ืก ื”ืคื™ืฆื•ืฅ ื•ื”ื™ื›ืŸ ืฉื™ืคื•ืฅ ืžืžื•ืงื“ ืคืจื˜ื™ื ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื™ื™ืฆื‘ ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ื ืชืœื•ื™ื™ื ื–ื” ื‘ื–ื”.

ื ื™ืชื•ื— ื”ืชืคืฉื˜ื•ืช ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ื ืฆื•ืœื‘ื™ื ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ื“ืคื•ืกื™ ื˜ืœืžื˜ืจื™ื”

ืžื“ื“ื™ ื”ืชืคืฉื˜ื•ืช ื‘ื™ืŸ ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ื ืžืชืืจื™ื ื›ื™ืฆื“ ื”ืคืจืขื•ืช ื—ื•ืฆื•ืช ืจื›ื™ื‘ื™ื ืžื—ื•ื‘ืจื™ื. ื˜ืœืžื˜ืจื™ื” ืžืงื™ืคื” ื—ื™ื•ื ื™ืช ืœื”ื‘ื ืช ื”ืชื ื”ื’ื•ืช ื–ื• ืžืฉื•ื ืฉื”ื™ื ืœื•ื›ื“ืช ืืช ื”ืจืฆืฃ ื•ื”ืชื–ืžื•ืŸ ืฉืœ ืื•ืชื•ืช ื”ื›ืฉืœ. ื‘ืžื”ืœืš ื”ื–ืจืงืช ืชืงืœื•ืช, ืฆื•ื•ืชื™ื ืขื•ืงื‘ื™ื ืื—ืจ ื”ืชืคืฉื˜ื•ืช ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ื™ื•ืžื ื™ ืจื™ืฉื•ื, ืขืงื‘ื•ืช ื•ืžื“ื“ื™ื ืžื‘ื•ื–ืจื™ื ื›ื“ื™ ืœื–ื”ื•ืช ืืช ื”ืžืกืœื•ืœื™ื ื”ืžื“ื•ื™ืงื™ื ืฉืœ ื”ืคืจืขื”. ืชื•ื‘ื ื•ืช ืืœื• ื—ื•ืฉืคื•ืช ื‘ืื™ื–ื• ืžื”ื™ืจื•ืช ื›ืฉืœื™ื ืžืชืคืฉื˜ื™ื, ืื™ืœื• ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ื ืคื•ืขืœื™ื ื›ืžืื™ืฆื™ื, ื•ืื™ืœื• ื’ื‘ื•ืœื•ืช ืžืื˜ื™ื ื‘ื™ืขื™ืœื•ืช ืืช ื”ื”ืชืคืฉื˜ื•ืช.

ื ืชื™ื‘ื™ ื”ืชืคืฉื˜ื•ืช ืœืขื™ืชื™ื ืงืจื•ื‘ื•ืช ืฉื•ื ื™ื ืžื“ื™ืื’ืจืžื•ืช ืื“ืจื™ื›ืœื™ื•ืช ืขืงื‘ ืกืคืจื™ื•ืช ืžืฉื•ืชืคื•ืช, ื–ืจื™ืžื•ืช ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ื‘ืจืงืข ืื• ืื™ื ื˜ืจืืงืฆื™ื•ืช ืขืงื™ืคื•ืช ื”ืคื•ืขืœื•ืช ืจืง ืชื—ืช ืœื—ืฅ. ื”ืขืจื›ื•ืช ื“ื•ืžื•ืช ืœืืœื• ื”ืžื‘ื•ืฆืขื•ืช ื‘ื”ืงืฉืจ ืฉืœ ืคื™ืฆื•ืœ ืงื•ื“ ืžืชืงื“ื ืœื”ื“ื’ื™ื ื›ื™ืฆื“ ื“ืคื•ืกื™ ื‘ื™ืฆื•ืข ืžืฉืชื ื™ื ื›ืืฉืจ ืžืขืจื›ื•ืช ืžืกื“ืจื•ืช ืžื—ื“ืฉ ืื• ืžื’ื“ื™ืจื•ืช ืžื—ื“ืฉ ืืช ื”ืชื ื”ื’ื•ืช ื–ืžืŸ ื”ืจื™ืฆื”. ื”ื–ืจืงืช ืชืงืœื•ืช ื”ืžื•ืชืืžืช ืœื˜ืœืžื˜ืจื™ื” ืžืคื•ืจื˜ืช ืžืืคืฉืจืช ืœืฆื•ื•ืชื™ื ืœืžืคื•ืช ืืช ื’ืจืฃ ื”ืชืœื•ืช ื‘ืคื•ืขืœ ื‘ืžืงื•ื ืืช ื”ืืจื›ื™ื˜ืงื˜ื•ืจื” ื”ืชื™ืื•ืจื˜ื™ืช.

ืžื“ื“ื™ ื”ืชืคืฉื˜ื•ืช ื›ื•ืœืœื™ื ื’ื ื”ืฉืคืขื•ืช ืžื•ืจื›ื‘ื•ืช ื›ื’ื•ืŸ ื”ื’ื‘ืจืช ื”ืฉื”ื™ื™ื”, ืœื•ืœืื•ืช ื ื™ืกื™ื•ืŸ ื—ื•ื–ืจ ืžื“ื•ืจื’ื•ืช ื•ืชื ื•ื“ื•ืช ืžืฉืื‘ื™ื. ืกืขืจื•ืช ื ื™ืกื™ื•ืŸ ื—ื•ื–ืจ ืžื–ื™ืงื•ืช ื‘ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ ืžืฉื•ื ืฉืœื•ื’ื™ืงืช ื ื™ืกื™ื•ืŸ ื—ื•ื–ืจ ืื’ืจืกื™ื‘ื™ืช ืขืœื•ืœื” ืœื”ืขืžื™ืก ืขืœ ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ื ืœื ืงืฉื•ืจื™ื, ื•ืœื™ืฆื•ืจ ื”ืคืกืงื•ืช ืžืฉื ื™ื•ืช. ื”ื–ืจืงืช ืชืงืœื•ืช ื—ื•ืฉืคืช ื”ืื ืกืคื™ ื ื™ืกื™ื•ืŸ ื—ื•ื–ืจ ืืœื” ืžื•ื’ื“ืจื™ื ื‘ืฆื•ืจื” ื‘ื˜ื•ื—ื” ืื• ื“ื•ืจืฉื™ื ื”ืชืืžื”. ื˜ืœืžื˜ืจื™ื” ืžื“ื’ื™ืฉื” ื”ืื ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ื ืžืชื™ื™ืฆื‘ื™ื ืœืื—ืจ ืฉื™ื‘ื•ืฉ ืื• ืžืžืฉื™ื›ื™ื ืœื”ืฉืชื ื•ืช ื‘ืžื—ื–ื•ืจื™ื ื‘ืœืชื™ ืฆืคื•ื™ื™ื.

ื”ื‘ื ืช ื”ืชืคืฉื˜ื•ืช ื‘ื™ืŸ-ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ื ืขื•ื–ืจืช ืœืืจื’ื•ื ื™ื ืœื—ื“ื“ ืืช ืœื•ื’ื™ืงืช ืคืกืง ื”ื–ืžืŸ, ืœื›ื•ื•ื ืŸ ืืช ื‘ืงืจื•ืช ื”ืœื—ืฅ ื”ื—ื•ื–ืจ ื•ืœื”ืชืื™ื ืืช ืžื™ืงื•ื ืžืคืกืง ื”ืžืขื’ืœ. ืฉื™ืคื•ืจื™ื ืืœื” ืžืคื—ื™ืชื™ื ืืช ื”ืกื‘ื™ืจื•ืช ืฉื”ืคืจืขื•ืช ืงื˜ื ื•ืช ื™ืชืคืชื—ื• ืœืื™ืจื•ืขื™ื ื›ืœืœ-ืžืขืจื›ืชื™ื™ื. ืœื›ืŸ, ืžื“ื“ื™ ื”ืชืคืฉื˜ื•ืช ืชื•ืžื›ื™ื ื”ืŸ ื‘ื—ื™ื“ื•ื“ ืžื™ื™ื“ื™ ื•ื”ืŸ ื‘ืชื›ื ื•ืŸ ื—ื•ืกืŸ ืœื˜ื•ื•ื— ืืจื•ืš.

ืื™ืžื•ืช ื‘ืงืจื•ืช ื‘ื™ื“ื•ื“ ื”ืžื’ื‘ื™ืœื•ืช ืืช ื”ื”ืฉืคืขื” ื”ืžืขืจื›ืชื™ืช

ื‘ืงืจื•ืช ื‘ื™ื“ื•ื“ ืžื‘ื˜ื™ื—ื•ืช ืฉื›ืฉืœื™ื ื™ื™ืฉืืจื• ื‘ืชื•ืš ื’ื‘ื•ืœื•ืช ืื“ืจื™ื›ืœื™ื™ื ืžื•ื’ื“ืจื™ื. ื‘ืงืจื•ืช ืืœื• ื›ื•ืœืœื•ืช ืžืคืกืงื™ ื–ืจื, ื“ืคื•ืกื™ ื”ืคืจื“ืช ื‘ืงืฉื•ืช, ืžื’ื‘ืœื•ืช ื˜ืจื ื–ืงืฆื™ื•ืช ื•ืฉื›ื‘ื•ืช ื‘ื™ื“ื•ื“ ืชืงืฉื•ืจืช. ื”ื–ืจืงืช ืชืงืœื•ืช ืžืืชื’ืจืช ื™ืฉื™ืจื•ืช ืืช ื”ืžื ื’ื ื•ื ื™ื ื”ืœืœื• ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ื”ืคืขืœืช ืฉื™ื‘ื•ืฉื™ื ืฉืชื•ื›ื ื ื• ื‘ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ ืœื”ืคืขื™ืœ ื”ืชื ื”ื’ื•ืช ื‘ื™ื“ื•ื“.

ื‘ื™ื“ื•ื“ ื™ืขื™ืœ ืชืœื•ื™ ื‘ื–ื™ื”ื•ื™ ื‘ื–ืžืŸ ืฉืœ ื›ืฉืœื™ื. ืื ื”ื–ื™ื”ื•ื™ ืžืชืขื›ื‘ ืื• ืœื ืžื“ื•ื™ืง, ื”ื‘ื™ื“ื•ื“ ืขืœื•ืœ ืœื”ื•ืคืขืœ ืžืื•ื—ืจ ืžื“ื™ ื›ื“ื™ ืœืžื ื•ืข ื”ืกืœืžื”. ืชื•ื‘ื ื•ืช ื“ื•ืžื•ืช ืœืืœื• ืฉื ืžืฆืื• ื‘ืžื—ืงืจื™ื ืฉืœ ื–ืจื™ืžืช ื‘ืงืจื” ืžื•ืจื›ื‘ืช ืœืขื–ื•ืจ ืœืฆื•ื•ืชื™ื ืœื”ื‘ื™ืŸ ื›ื™ืฆื“ ื‘ื™ืฆื•ืข ืจื‘-ืฉืœื‘ื™ ืžืฉืคื™ืข ืขืœ ื“ื™ื•ืง ื”ื’ื™ืœื•ื™. ืžื“ื“ื™ ื”ื–ืจืงืช ืชืงืœื•ืช ืžืขืจื™ื›ื™ื ื”ืื ื‘ืงืจื•ืช ื‘ื™ื“ื•ื“ ืžื•ืคืขืœื•ืช ื‘ื–ืžื ื™ื ืฆืคื•ื™ื™ื ื•ื”ืื ื”ืŸ ื ืฉืืจื•ืช ื™ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืช ื‘ืžื”ืœืš ืขื•ืžืก ื‘ื•-ื–ืžื ื™.

ืžืขื‘ืจื™ ื’ื™ื‘ื•ื™ ืžืฉืคื™ืขื™ื ื’ื ืขืœ ืืžื™ื ื•ืช ื”ื‘ื™ื“ื•ื“. ืื ืœื•ื’ื™ืงืช ื’ื™ื‘ื•ื™ ืžื•ืคืขืœืช ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืฉื’ื•ื™ ืื• ืœื ืขืงื‘ื™, ื”ืžืขืจื›ืช ืขืœื•ืœื” ืœื”ื™ื›ื ืก ืœืžืฆื‘ ืœื ื™ืฆื™ื‘ ื’ื ืื ื”ืฉื™ืจื•ืช ื”ื‘ืกื™ืกื™ ืžืชืื•ืฉืฉ. ื”ื–ืจืงืช ืชืงืœื•ืช ืžื–ื”ื” ื”ืื ืžืขื‘ืจื™ ื‘ื™ื“ื•ื“ ืžื™ื™ืฆืจื™ื ื”ืชื ื”ื’ื•ืช ืงื•ื”ืจื ื˜ื™ืช ื‘ืจื—ื‘ื™ ื”ืžืขืจื›ืช ืื• ืฉืžื ืžืฆื‘ื™ื ื–ืžื ื™ื™ื ื™ื•ืฆืจื™ื ื—ื•ืกืจ ืขืงื‘ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืžื•ืจื“ ื”ื–ืจื.

ื”ืขืจื›ื•ืช ื‘ื™ื“ื•ื“ ืขื•ื–ืจื•ืช ืœืืจื’ื•ื ื™ื ืœืงื‘ื•ืข ื”ืื ื‘ืงืจื•ืช ืื“ืจื™ื›ืœื™ื•ืช ืชื•ืืžื•ืช ืืช ืฆื™ืคื™ื•ืช ื”ื—ื•ืกืŸ. ืžื“ื“ื™ื ืžืชืจื—ื™ืฉื™ื ื—ื•ื–ืจื™ื ืžื’ืœื™ื ื”ืื ื”ื‘ื™ื“ื•ื“ ืฉื•ืžืจ ืขืœ ืฉืœืžื•ืช ืœืื•ืจืš ื–ืžืŸ ื•ื‘ืžื”ืœืš ืฉื™ื ื•ื™ื™ื ื‘ืžืขืจื›ืช. ื‘ื™ื“ื•ื“ ื™ืขื™ืœ ืžื‘ื˜ื™ื— ืฉื’ื ื›ืฉืœื™ื ื—ืžื•ืจื™ื ื™ื™ืฉืืจื• ืงื˜ื ื™ื, ืฆืคื•ื™ื™ื ื•ืงืœื™ื ืœื ื™ื”ื•ืœ, ื•ืชื•ืžืš ื‘ื™ืขื“ื™ ืืžื™ื ื•ืช ื‘ืจืžื” ืืจื’ื•ื ื™ืช.

ืžื“ื™ื“ืช ื”ืชื ื”ื’ื•ืช ื”ืชืื•ืฉืฉื•ืช ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ื‘ื“ื™ืงื•ืช ืคื™ืจื•ืง ืžื•ื‘ื ื•ืช

ื”ืชื ื”ื’ื•ืช ืฉื—ื–ื•ืจ ื”ื™ื ืื—ื“ ื”ืžื“ื“ื™ื ื”ืงืจื™ื˜ื™ื™ื ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ืœื—ื•ืกืŸ ื™ื™ืฉื•ืžื™ื ืžืฉื•ื ืฉื”ื™ื ืžืฉืงืคืช ืืช ื”ืื•ืคืŸ ืฉื‘ื• ืžืขืจื›ืช ืขื•ื‘ืจืช ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืฆืคื•ื™ ืžืžืฆื‘ ืชืคืขื•ืœื™ ืคื’ื•ื ื—ื–ืจื” ืœืชื ืื™ ืฉื™ืจื•ืช ืจื’ื™ืœื™ื. ื‘ื“ื™ืงื•ืช ืคื’ื™ืขื” ืžื•ื‘ื ื•ืช ืžืกืคืงื•ืช ืืช ื”ืžืกื’ืจืช ื”ื ื“ืจืฉืช ืœืžื“ื™ื“ืช ื”ืชื ื”ื’ื•ืช ื–ื• ื‘ื“ื™ื•ืง. ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ื”ื•ืจื“ื” ืžื›ื•ื•ื ืช ืฉืœ ืื™ื›ื•ืช ื”ืฉื™ืจื•ืช ื‘ืจื›ื™ื‘ื™ื ืกืคืฆื™ืคื™ื™ื ื‘ืžืงื•ื ืœื’ืจื•ื ืœื”ืคืกืงื•ืช ืžื™ื™ื“ื™ื•ืช, ืžื”ื ื“ืกื™ื ืžืงื‘ืœื™ื ืชื•ื‘ื ื•ืช ืœื’ื‘ื™ ืขืงื‘ื™ื•ืช ืฉื—ื–ื•ืจ, ืžื”ื™ืจื•ืช ืฉื—ื–ื•ืจ ื•ืฉืœืžื•ืช ื”ืžืฆื‘. ืชืจื—ื™ืฉื™ื ืืœื” ื—ื•ืฉืคื™ื ื”ืชื ื”ื’ื•ืช ืฉื‘ื“ื™ืงื•ืช ื›ืฉืœ ืžืœืื•ืช ืžืชืขืœืžื•ืช ืžืžื ื” ืœืขืชื™ื ืงืจื•ื‘ื•ืช, ื›ื•ืœืœ ืžืขื‘ืจื™ ื’ื™ื‘ื•ื™ ืœื ืžื™ื•ืฉืจื™ื, ื ืชื™ื‘ื™ ืฉื—ื–ื•ืจ ื—ืœืงื™ื™ื ื•ื—ื•ืกืจ ืขืงื‘ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืฉื‘ื• ืžืขืจื›ื•ืช ืชืœื•ื™ื•ืช ืžื’ื™ื‘ื•ืช ืœืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ื ื—ื•ื–ืจื™ื. ื”ื–ืจืงืช ืชืงืœื•ืช ืžืืคืฉืจืช ืคื’ื™ืขื” ืžื‘ื•ืงืจืช ืฉื—ื•ืฉืคืช ื ื˜ื™ื•ืช ืฉื—ื–ื•ืจ ืขืœ ืคื ื™ ืขื•ืžืกื™ ืขื‘ื•ื“ื”, ื–ืจื™ืžื•ืช ื ืชื•ื ื™ื ื•ืชื ืื™ ืžืงื‘ื™ืœื™ื•ืช.

ืืจื’ื•ื ื™ื ืžืกืชืžื›ื™ื ืขืœ ืžื“ื“ื™ ื”ืชืื•ืฉืฉื•ืช ืœื ืจืง ื›ื“ื™ ืœืืžืช ื‘ื™ืฆื•ืขื™ื ื˜ื›ื ื™ื™ื, ืืœื ื’ื ื›ื“ื™ ืœืืฉืจ ื”ืชืืžื” ืœืžื“ื™ื ื™ื•ืช ืชืคืขื•ืœื™ืช ื•ืœื“ืจื™ืฉื•ืช ืžืžืฉืœ. ืชืจื—ื™ืฉื™ื ืฉื‘ื”ื ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ื ืžืชื“ืจื“ืจื™ื ื‘ื”ื“ืจื’ื” ืื• ืžืคื’ื™ื ื™ื ื—ื•ืกืจ ื™ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืช ืœืกื™ืจื•ื’ื™ืŸ ืžืกืคืงื™ื ื”ืฉืชืงืคื•ืช ืžืฆื™ืื•ืชื™ืช ื™ื•ืชืจ ืฉืœ ืžืฆื‘ื™ ื›ืฉืœ ื‘ื™ื™ืฆื•ืจ. ื‘ื“ื™ืงื•ืช ืคื’ื™ืขื” ื—ื•ืฉืคื•ืช ื›ื™ืฆื“ ืกืคื™ ื ื™ื˜ื•ืจ ืžืชื ื”ื’ื™ื, ื›ื™ืฆื“ ืœื•ืœืื•ืช ื ื™ืกื™ื•ืŸ ื—ื•ื–ืจ ืžืฉืชื ื•ืช ืœืื•ืจืš ื–ืžืŸ, ื•ื›ื™ืฆื“ ืฉื›ื‘ื•ืช ืชื–ืžื•ืจ ืžื—ืœื™ื˜ื•ืช ืžืชื™ ืœืฉื—ื–ืจ ืืช ื”ืชืขื‘ื•ืจื” ืœืื—ืจ ื•ื™ืกื•ืช. ืฉื™ื˜ื•ืช ื“ื•ืžื•ืช ืœืืœื• ื”ืžืฉืžืฉื•ืช ื‘ื”ืขืจื›ื•ืช ืžืคื•ืจื˜ื•ืช ืฉืœ ืžื•ืจื›ื‘ื•ืช ืฉื™ืคื•ืฅ ืžื™ื™ื ืคืจื™ื™ื ืœืกื™ื™ืข ืœืฆื•ื•ืชื™ ื”ื ื“ืกื” ืœื”ื‘ื™ืŸ ืืช ื ืชื™ื‘ื™ ื”ืœื•ื’ื™ืงื” ื”ืคื ื™ืžื™ื™ื ื”ืฉื•ืœื˜ื™ื ื‘ื”ืชื ื”ื’ื•ืช ื”ื”ืชืื•ืฉืฉื•ืช. ื”ืฉื™ืœื•ื‘ ืฉืœ ื”ื–ืจืงืช ืชืงืœื•ืช ื•ื‘ื“ื™ืงื•ืช ืคื™ืจื•ืง ืžื•ื‘ื ื•ืช ืžื ื™ื‘ ืžื“ื“ื™ ื”ืชืื•ืฉืฉื•ืช ืžืงื™ืคื™ื ื”ืชื•ืžื›ื™ื ื‘ืชื›ื ื•ืŸ, ื—ื™ื“ื•ื“ ืืจื›ื™ื˜ืงื˜ื•ืจื” ื•ื—ื•ืกืŸ ืžืขืจื›ืช ืœื˜ื•ื•ื— ืืจื•ืš.

ื”ืขืจื›ืช ื–ืžืŸ ื”ืชืื•ืฉืฉื•ืช ื‘ืชื ืื™ ืœื—ืฅ ืžืฆื˜ื‘ืจื™ื

ืชื–ืžื•ืŸ ื”ืชืื•ืฉืฉื•ืช ื”ื•ื ืžื“ื“ ื‘ืกื™ืกื™ ืžืฉื•ื ืฉื”ื•ื ืžื•ื“ื“ ืืช ื”ืžื”ื™ืจื•ืช ืฉื‘ื” ืžืขืจื›ืช ื—ื•ื–ืจืช ืœืคืขื•ืœื” ืจื’ื™ืœื” ืœืื—ืจ ืฉืžืฆื‘ ืคื’ื•ื ื ืคืชืจ. ืชื ืื™ ืœื—ืฅ ืžืฆื˜ื‘ืจื™ื, ื›ื’ื•ืŸ ื”ืฉื”ื™ื™ื” ื’ื•ื‘ืจืช, ืชืคื•ืงื” ืžื•ืคื—ืชืช ืื• ื›ืฉืœื™ื ื‘ืชืœื•ืช ื—ืœืงื™ืช, ืขื•ื–ืจื™ื ืœื—ืฉื•ืฃ ื›ื™ืฆื“ ืจืฆืคื™ ื”ืชืื•ืฉืฉื•ืช ืžื•ืคืขืœื™ื ืชื—ืช ืชืจื—ื™ืฉื™ื ืžื•ืจื›ื‘ื™ื. ื™ื™ืฉื•ืžื™ื ืืจื’ื•ื ื™ื™ื ืจื‘ื™ื ื›ื•ืœืœื™ื ืœื•ื’ื™ืงื” ืฉืžืชื—ื™ืœื” ื”ืชืื•ืฉืฉื•ืช ืจืง ื›ืืฉืจ ืกืคื™ื ืžืกื•ื™ืžื™ื ืžืชืงื™ื™ืžื™ื. ื”ื–ืจืงืช ืชืงืœื•ืช ืžืืคืฉืจืช ืœื—ืงื•ืจ ืกืคื™ื ืืœื” ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ืคื’ื ืžื‘ื•ืงืจ ื•ืœื ื›ืฉืœ ืžืœื ืฉืœ ืจื›ื™ื‘ื™ื, ืžื” ืฉืžืืคืฉืจ ืกื™ื•ื•ื’ ืžื“ื•ื™ืง ื™ื•ืชืจ ืฉืœ ื”ืชื ื”ื’ื•ื™ื•ืช ื”ืชืื•ืฉืฉื•ืช.

ื ืงื•ื“ืช ื”ืชื—ืœื” ืฉื™ืžื•ืฉื™ืช ื”ื™ื ืžื“ื™ื“ืช ื”ืžื”ื™ืจื•ืช ืฉื‘ื” ืžื ื’ื ื•ื ื™ ื–ื™ื”ื•ื™ ืžื–ื”ื™ื ืฉื™ืคื•ืจื™ื ื‘ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ื ื‘ืžืขืœื” ืื• ื‘ืžื•ืจื“ ื”ื–ืจื. ืžืขืจื›ื•ืช ืœืขื™ืชื™ื ืงืจื•ื‘ื•ืช ืžื–ื”ื•ืช ื›ืฉืœื™ื ื‘ืžื”ื™ืจื•ืช ืืš ืžื–ื”ื•ืช ื”ืชืื•ืฉืฉื•ืช ื”ืจื‘ื” ื™ื•ืชืจ ืœืื˜, ื•ื›ืชื•ืฆืื” ืžื›ืš ื ื•ืฆืจื™ื ืžืฆื‘ื™ ื’ื™ื‘ื•ื™ ืžื™ื•ืชืจื™ื. ื˜ื›ื ื™ืงื•ืช ืฆืคื™ื™ื” ื“ื•ืžื•ืช ืœืืœื• ื”ืžืชื•ืืจื•ืช ื‘ืžื—ืงืจื™ื ืฉืœ ืืกื˜ืจื˜ื’ื™ื•ืช ืงื•ืจืœืฆื™ื” ืฉืœ ืื™ืจื•ืขื™ื ืœืกื™ื™ืข ืœืฆื•ื•ืชื™ื ืœื ื˜ืจ ื›ื™ืฆื“ ืื•ืชื•ืช ื’ื™ืœื•ื™ ืžืชืคืชื—ื™ื ื‘ืžื”ืœืš ื”ื”ืชืื•ืฉืฉื•ืช. ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ื ื™ืชื•ื— ื”ืชื ื”ื’ื•ืช ื’ื™ืœื•ื™ ืœืฆื“ ืชื ืื™ ืคื’ื™ืขื”, ืžื”ื ื“ืกื™ื ืงื•ื‘ืขื™ื ื”ืื ื”ืžืขืจื›ืช ืžื–ื”ื” ื”ืชืื•ืฉืฉื•ืช ื‘ืžื”ื™ืจื•ืช ืื• ื”ืื ืขื™ื›ื•ื‘ื™ื ืชื•ืจืžื™ื ืœื—ื•ืกืจ ื™ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืช ืžืžื•ืฉืš.

ื‘ื“ื™ืงื•ืช ืคื’ื™ืขื” ืžื•ื‘ื ื™ื•ืช ื—ื•ืฉืคื•ืช ื’ื ื›ื™ืฆื“ ืชื–ืžื•ืŸ ื”ื”ืชืื•ืฉืฉื•ืช ืžืฉืชื ื” ืชื—ืช ืขื•ืžืกื™ ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ื‘ื•-ื–ืžื ื™ื™ื. ืฉื™ืจื•ืช ืขืฉื•ื™ ืœื”ืชืื•ืฉืฉ ื‘ืžื”ื™ืจื•ืช ื‘ื ืคืจื“ ืืš ืœื”ื™ืžืฉืš ื–ืžืŸ ืจื‘ ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžืฉืžืขื•ืชื™ืช ื›ืืฉืจ ืจืžื•ืช ื”ืชืขื‘ื•ืจื” ื ืฉืืจื•ืช ื’ื‘ื•ื”ื•ืช. ืžื“ื™ื“ืช ื”ืชื ื”ื’ื•ืช ื–ื• ืžืกื™ื™ืขืช ืœืืจื’ื•ื ื™ื ืœื–ื”ื•ืช ื”ืื ืจืฆืคื™ ื”ืชืื•ืฉืฉื•ืช ืชืœื•ื™ื™ื ื‘ื–ืžื™ื ื•ืช ืžืฉืื‘ื™ื, ืžื’ื‘ืœื•ืช ื‘ื•-ื–ืžื ื™ื•ืช ืื• ืฉื’ืจื•ืช ืกื ื›ืจื•ืŸ. ืื ืชื”ืœื™ื›ื™ ืจืงืข ืžืชื—ืจื™ื ืขืœ ืžืฉืื‘ื™ื ื‘ืžื”ืœืš ื”ื”ืชืื•ืฉืฉื•ืช, ื”ืชื–ืžื•ืŸ ื”ื›ื•ืœืœ ืขืœื•ืœ ืœื”ืชื“ืจื“ืจ ื’ื ื›ืืฉืจ ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ื”ืจื›ื™ื‘ ืžืฉืชืคืจืช. ื”ื–ืจืงืช ืชืงืœื•ืช ืžืกืคืงืช ืชืจื—ื™ืฉื™ื ืขืงื‘ื™ื™ื ืœื”ืขืจื›ืช ื“ื™ื ืžื™ืงื” ื–ื• ื•ืœื–ื™ื”ื•ื™ ื”ื™ื›ืŸ ืฉื™ื ื•ื™ื™ื ื‘ืืจื›ื™ื˜ืงื˜ื•ืจื” ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœื”ืื™ืฅ ืืช ื‘ื™ืฆื•ืขื™ ื”ื”ืชืื•ืฉืฉื•ืช.

ืžื“ื“ื™ื ืื•ืจื›ื™ื™ื ืขืœ ืคื ื™ ื‘ื“ื™ืงื•ืช ืคื’ื™ืขื” ื—ื•ื–ืจื•ืช ื•ื ืฉื ื•ืช ืขื•ื–ืจื™ื ืœืžื”ื ื“ืกื™ื ืœื”ื‘ื™ืŸ ืืช ื™ื›ื•ืœืช ื”ื—ื™ื–ื•ื™ ืฉืœ ื”ื”ืชืื•ืฉืฉื•ืช. ืื ื–ืžื ื™ ื”ื”ืชืื•ืฉืฉื•ืช ืžืฉืชื ื™ื ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืžืฉืžืขื•ืชื™ ืขื‘ื•ืจ ืชืจื—ื™ืฉื™ื ื–ื”ื™ื, ืกื‘ื™ืจ ืœื”ื ื™ื— ืฉืงื™ื™ืžื™ื ื—ื•ืกืจ ืขืงื‘ื™ื•ืช ื‘ื ืชื™ื‘ื™ ืœื•ื’ื™ืงื” ืคื ื™ืžื™ื™ื, ื‘ื”ื—ืœื˜ื•ืช ืชื–ืžื•ืจ ืื• ืกืคื™ ืžืขืจื›ืช. ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ื—ื™ื“ื•ื“ ื’ื•ืจืžื™ื ืืœื”, ืฆื•ื•ืชื™ื ื‘ื•ื ื™ื ื”ืชื ื”ื’ื•ืช ื”ืชืื•ืฉืฉื•ืช ื™ืฆื™ื‘ื” ื•ืฆืคื•ื™ื” ื™ื•ืชืจ ื”ืชื•ืืžืช ืืช ื™ืขื“ื™ ื”ืืžื™ื ื•ืช ืฉืœ ื”ืืจื’ื•ืŸ.

ื”ืขืจื›ืช ื“ื™ื•ืง ื”ืฉื™ืงื•ื ืœืื—ืจ ืฉื™ื‘ื•ืฉื™ื ื—ืœืงื™ื™ื ื‘ืฉื™ืจื•ืช

ื“ื™ื•ืง ื”ืฉื—ื–ื•ืจ ืžืขืจื™ืš ื”ืื ื”ืžืขืจื›ืช ื—ื•ื–ืจืช ืœืžืฆื‘ ื”ืคืขื•ืœื” ื”ื ื›ื•ืŸ ืœืื—ืจ ืกื™ื•ื ืื™ืจื•ืข ื”ืคื’ื™ืขื”. ื›ืืฉืจ ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ื ื—ื•ื–ืจื™ื ืœืคืขื•ืœื” ืจื’ื™ืœื”, ืขืœื™ื”ื ืœืฉื—ื–ืจ ืืช ื”ืžืฆื‘ ื”ืคื ื™ืžื™, ืœื—ื“ืฉ ืืช ืขื™ื‘ื•ื“ ื”ื”ื•ื“ืขื•ืช ื•ืœืฉืœื‘ ืžื—ื“ืฉ ืขื ืชืœื•ื™ื•ืช ืžื‘ืœื™ ืœื”ื›ื ื™ืก ื—ื•ืกืจ ืขืงื‘ื™ื•ืช. ืฉื™ื‘ื•ืฉื™ื ื—ืœืงื™ื™ื, ื›ื’ื•ืŸ ืชื’ื•ื‘ื•ืช ืžืื•ื—ืจื•ืช ืื• ื”ืคืจืขื•ืช ื–ืžื ื™ื•ืช ื‘ื–ืจื™ืžืช ื ืชื•ื ื™ื, ื™ื•ืฆืจื™ื ืœืขืชื™ื ืงืจื•ื‘ื•ืช ืฉื™ื ื•ื™ื™ื ื‘ืžืฆื‘ ืžื’ื•ื•ื ื™ื ืฉืื™ื ื ืžืชืจื—ืฉื™ื ื‘ืžื”ืœืš ื›ืฉืœื™ื ืžืœืื™ื. ื‘ื“ื™ืงื•ืช ืคื’ื™ืขื” ืžื•ื‘ื ื•ืช ืžื’ืœื•ืช ื”ืื ื ืชื™ื‘ื™ ืฉื—ื–ื•ืจ ืžื˜ืคืœื™ื ื‘ืžืฆื‘ื™ื ื—ืœืงื™ื™ื ืืœื” ื‘ืฆื•ืจื” ื ื›ื•ื ื”.

ื™ื™ืฉื•ืžื™ื ื”ืชืœื•ื™ื™ื ื‘ืžืฆื‘ ืžื‘ื•ื–ืจ ื—ื™ื™ื‘ื™ื ืœื”ื‘ื˜ื™ื— ืฉืžื˜ืžื•ื ื™ื, ืชื•ืจื™ ื”ื•ื“ืขื•ืช ื•ื ืชื•ื ื™ ืกืฉืŸ ื™ื™ืฉืืจื• ืงื•ื”ืจื ื˜ื™ื™ื ืœืื•ืจืš ื›ืœ ืชื”ืœื™ืš ื”ื”ืชืื•ืฉืฉื•ืช. ืื ืจื›ื™ื‘ ืžืฉื—ื–ืจ ืฉื™ืจื•ืช ืืš ืฉื•ืžืจ ืขืœ ื ืชื•ื ื™ื ื™ืฉื ื™ื ืื• ืœื ืฉืœืžื™ื, ืจื›ื™ื‘ื™ื ื‘ืžื•ืจื“ ื”ื–ืจื ืขืœื•ืœื™ื ืœืคืจืฉ ืืช ื”ืžืฆื‘ ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืฉื’ื•ื™. ื’ื™ืฉื•ืช ืื ืœื™ื˜ื™ื•ืช ื“ื•ืžื•ืช ืœืืœื• ื”ืžืฉืžืฉื•ืช ืœื—ืงืจ ื”ืฉื”ื™ื” ื”ืžืฉืคื™ืขื” ืขืœ ื ืชื™ื‘ื™ ื‘ืงืจื” ืžืกืคืงื•ืช ืชื•ื‘ื ื•ืช ื—ืฉื•ื‘ื•ืช ืœื’ื‘ื™ ื”ืื•ืคืŸ ืฉื‘ื• ืžืฆื‘ื™ื ืคื’ื•ืžื™ื ืžืฉืคื™ืขื™ื ืขืœ ืจืฆืคื™ ื‘ื™ืฆื•ืข. ื ื™ื˜ื•ืจ ืืชื—ื•ืœ ืžื—ื“ืฉ ืฉืœ ืžืฆื‘ื™ื ื‘ืžื”ืœืš ื”ื”ืชืื•ืฉืฉื•ืช ืžืกื™ื™ืข ืœืฆื•ื•ืชื™ื ืœื–ื”ื•ืช ื“ืคื•ืกื™ื ื”ืžื™ื™ืฆืจื™ื ืคืœื˜ื™ื ืฉื’ื•ื™ื™ื, ื”ืชื ื”ื’ื•ืช ืœื ืขืงื‘ื™ืช ืื• ืกื“ืจ ืื™ืจื•ืขื™ื ื‘ืœืชื™ ืฆืคื•ื™.

ื“ื™ื•ืง ื”ืฉื—ื–ื•ืจ ืชืœื•ื™ ื’ื ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืฉื‘ื• ืชืœื•ื™ื•ืช ืžืฉืชืœื‘ื•ืช ืžื—ื“ืฉ. ืื ืฉื ื™ ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ื ืžืชืื•ืฉืฉื™ื ื‘ืžื”ื™ืจื•ื™ื•ืช ืฉื•ื ื•ืช, ื”ืžื”ื™ืจ ื™ื•ืชืจ ืขืฉื•ื™ ืœืฉืœื•ื— ื‘ืงืฉื•ืช ืœืคื ื™ ืฉื”ืื™ื˜ื™ ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžื•ื›ืŸ, ืžื” ืฉืžื•ื‘ื™ืœ ืœื›ืฉืœื™ื ื—ืœืงื™ื™ื ืฉืžืืจื™ื›ื™ื ืืช ื—ื•ืกืจ ื”ื™ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืช. ื‘ื“ื™ืงื•ืช ืคื™ืจื•ืง ื‘ืฉื™ืœื•ื‘ ืขื ื˜ืœืžื˜ืจื™ื” ืžืกืคืงื•ืช ื ืจืื•ืช ืœืกื ื›ืจื•ืŸ ื‘ื™ืŸ ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ื. ืžื“ื“ื™ ืชื–ืžื•ืŸ ืžื’ืœื™ื ื”ืื ืฉื™ืœื•ื‘ ืžื—ื“ืฉ ืฉืœ ืชืœื•ื™ื•ืช ืขื•ืงื‘ ืื—ืจ ื“ืคื•ืกื™ื ืฆืคื•ื™ื™ื ืื• ื”ืื ืคื™ืจื•ืง ื”ื“ืจื’ืชื™ ืžื‘ื™ื ืœื—ื•ืกืจ ืื™ื–ื•ืŸ ื‘ืชื–ืžื•ืŸ ื”ื“ื•ืจืฉ ื—ื™ื“ื•ื“ ืืจื›ื™ื˜ืงื˜ื•ื ื™.

ื”ืขืจื›ืช ื“ื™ื•ืง ื”ืฉื—ื–ื•ืจ ืขื•ื–ืจืช ืœืืจื’ื•ื ื™ื ืœื”ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ื™ื›ืŸ ืฉื™ืคื•ืจื™ ื”ื—ื•ืกืŸ ื”ื ื”ื™ืขื™ืœื™ื ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ. ื‘ืžืงืจื™ื ืžืกื•ื™ืžื™ื, ืฉื™ื ื•ื™ื™ื ื‘ืœื•ื’ื™ืงืช ื ื™ืกื™ื•ืŸ ื—ื•ื–ืจ ืื• ื‘ืžื ื’ื ื•ื ื™ ืœื—ืฅ ืื—ื•ืจื™ ืžืฉืคืจื™ื ืืช ืขืงื‘ื™ื•ืช ื”ืฉื—ื–ื•ืจ. ื‘ืžืงืจื™ื ืื—ืจื™ื, ื™ื™ืชื›ืŸ ืฉื™ื™ื“ืจืฉื• ืฉื™ื ื•ื™ื™ื ื‘ืืจื›ื™ื˜ืงื˜ื•ืจื” ื›ื’ื•ืŸ ื ื™ืชื•ืง ืื• ื ื™ื”ื•ืœ ืžืฆื‘ ืžืฉื•ืคืจ. ื”ืขืจื›ื•ืช ืฉื—ื–ื•ืจ ืžื‘ื˜ื™ื—ื•ืช ืฉื”ืชื ื”ื’ื•ืช ื”ืฉื—ื–ื•ืจ ืชื•ืžื›ืช ื‘ืคืขื•ืœื” ืฆืคื•ื™ื” ื•ืื™ื ื” ืžืฆื™ื’ื” ื ืงื•ื“ื•ืช ืคื’ื™ืขื•ืช ื—ื“ืฉื•ืช.

ื–ื™ื”ื•ื™ ืจืฆืคื™ ื›ืฉืœ ื ืกืชืจื™ื ื‘ืžื”ืœืš ื”ืชืื•ืฉืฉื•ืช ื”ื“ืจื’ืชื™ืช

ืจืฆืคื™ ื›ืฉืœ ื ืกืชืจื™ื ืžืชืจื—ืฉื™ื ื›ืืฉืจ ืžืขืจื›ื•ืช ื ืจืื•ืช ืžืชืื•ืฉืฉื•ืช ืืš ืžืคืขื™ืœื•ืช ืคื’ืžื™ื ืขื“ื™ื ื™ื ืื• ื ืชื™ื‘ื™ ืœื•ื’ื™ืงื” ื‘ืœืชื™ ืฆืคื•ื™ื™ื ื‘ืžื”ืœืš ื”ืฉื™ืงื•ื. ืจืฆืคื™ื ืืœื” ื ื•ืชืจื™ื ืœืขื™ืชื™ื ืงืจื•ื‘ื•ืช ื‘ืœืชื™ ื ืจืื™ื ื‘ืžื”ืœืš ื”ืคืกืงื•ืช ืžืœืื•ืช ืžื›ื™ื•ื•ืŸ ืฉื”ื ืžื•ืคื™ืขื™ื ืจืง ื‘ืชื ืื™ ืฉื™ืงื•ื ื—ืœืงื™ ืื• ืžืฆื˜ื‘ืจ. ื‘ื“ื™ืงื•ืช ืคื™ืจื•ืง ืžื•ื‘ื ื•ืช ื—ื•ืฉืคื•ืช ื“ืคื•ืกื™ื ืืœื” ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ื”ืชื‘ื•ื ื ื•ืช ื‘ื”ืชื ื”ื’ื•ืช ื”ืžืขืจื›ืช ื‘ืžื”ืœืš ืคื™ืจื•ืง ืื™ื˜ื™ ื•ืฉื™ืงื•ื ื”ื“ืจื’ืชื™.

ืจืฆืคื™ื ื ืกืชืจื™ื ื›ื•ืœืœื™ื ืœืขืชื™ื ืงืจื•ื‘ื•ืช ืœื•ื’ื™ืงื” ืžื•ืชื ื™ืช ืฉืžื•ืคืขืœืช ืจืง ื›ืืฉืจ ืกืคื™ื ืžืกื•ื™ืžื™ื ื ื—ืฆื™ื. ืœื“ื•ื’ืžื”, ืฉื™ืจื•ืช ืขืฉื•ื™ ืœืขืงื•ื‘ ืื—ืจ ื ืชื™ื‘ ื”ืชืื•ืฉืฉื•ืช ืื—ื“ ื›ืืฉืจ ื”ื”ืฉื”ื™ื” ื™ื•ืจื“ืช ื‘ืื™ื˜ื™ื•ืช ื•ื ืชื™ื‘ ืื—ืจ ื›ืืฉืจ ื”ื”ืฉื”ื™ื” ื—ื•ื–ืจืช ืœืžืฆื‘ ื ื•ืจืžืœื™ ื‘ืคืชืื•ืžื™ื•ืช. ื”ื–ืจืงืช ืชืงืœื•ืช ืžืฆื™ื’ื” ื•ืจื™ืืฆื™ื•ืช ืžื‘ื•ืงืจื•ืช ื”ืžืกื™ื™ืขื•ืช ืœืžื”ื ื“ืกื™ื ืœื–ื”ื•ืช ื”ืื ื ืชื™ื‘ื™ื ืžื•ืชื ื™ื ืžืชื ื”ื’ื™ื ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืขืงื‘ื™. ื˜ื›ื ื™ืงื•ืช ื ื™ืชื•ื— ืงืฉื•ืจื•ืช ืฉื”ื•ื“ื’ืžื• ื‘ืžื—ืงืจ ืขืœ ื”ืชื ื”ื’ื•ืช ืืกื™ื ื›ืจื•ื ื™ืช ืžื•ืจื›ื‘ืช ื”ื“ื’ืฉ ื›ื™ืฆื“ ืœื•ื’ื™ืงื” ืจื‘-ืฉืœื‘ื™ืช ืžืงื™ื™ืžืช ืื™ื ื˜ืจืืงืฆื™ื” ืขื ืชื ืื™ ื”ืชืื•ืฉืฉื•ืช.

ื˜ืœืžื˜ืจื™ื” ืžืžืœืืช ืชืคืงื™ื“ ืžื›ืจื™ืข ื‘ื–ื™ื”ื•ื™ ืจืฆืคื™ื ื ืกืชืจื™ื. ืžืขืงื‘ื™ื ืžืคื•ืจื˜ื™ื ื—ื•ืฉืคื™ื ื”ืื ื”ื•ื“ืขื•ืช ืžืขื•ื‘ื“ื•ืช ื‘ืกื“ืจ ืœื ื ื›ื•ืŸ, ื”ืื ืœื•ืœืื•ืช ื ื™ืกื™ื•ืŸ ื—ื•ื–ืจ ืžื•ืคืขืœื•ืช ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ื‘ืœืชื™ ืฆืคื•ื™, ืื• ื”ืื ืžื ื’ื ื•ื ื™ ื’ื™ื‘ื•ื™ ืžืจื•ื‘ื™ื ื—ื•ืคืคื™ื ืฉืœื ื‘ืžืชื›ื•ื•ืŸ. ื”ืชื ื”ื’ื•ื™ื•ืช ืืœื• ืขืฉื•ื™ื•ืช ืฉืœื ืœืฉื‘ืฉ ืืช ื”ืžืขืจื›ืช ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืžื™ื™ื“ื™, ืืš ืขืœื•ืœื•ืช ืœื™ืฆื•ืจ ื—ืฉืฉื•ืช ืืžื™ื ื•ืช ืืจื•ื›ื™ ื˜ื•ื•ื— ืื ืœื ื™ื˜ื•ืคืœื•. ืžื“ื“ื™ื ืฉื ืืกืคื™ื ื‘ืžื”ืœืš ื‘ื“ื™ืงื•ืช ืคื™ืจื•ืง ืžื•ื‘ื ื•ืช ืขื•ื–ืจื™ื ืœืฆื•ื•ืชื™ื ืœื”ื‘ื—ื™ืŸ ื‘ื™ืŸ ืจืขืฉ ื—ื•ืœืฃ ืœื‘ื™ืŸ ืคื’ืžื™ ืฉื—ื–ื•ืจ ืืžื™ืชื™ื™ื.

ื–ื™ื”ื•ื™ ืจืฆืคื™ ื›ืฉืœ ื ืกืชืจื™ื ืชื•ืžืš ื‘ื—ื•ืกืŸ ืื“ืจื™ื›ืœื™ ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ื”ื‘ื˜ื—ื” ืฉืœื•ื’ื™ืงืช ื”ื”ืชืื•ืฉืฉื•ืช ืื™ื ื” ืจืง ืคื•ื ืงืฆื™ื•ื ืœื™ืช ืืœื ื’ื ืขืงื‘ื™ืช ืคื ื™ืžื™ืช. ืœืื—ืจ ื’ื™ืœื•ื™ ื‘ืขื™ื•ืช ืืœื•, ื”ืŸ ื“ื•ืจืฉื•ืช ืœืขืชื™ื ืงืจื•ื‘ื•ืช ืขื™ื‘ื•ื“ ืžื—ื“ืฉ ืžืžื•ืงื“ ืื• ื”ืชืืžืช ืกืคื™ื ื•ืžืขื‘ืจื™ ืžืฆื‘. ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ืœ ืจืฆืคื™ื ื ืกืชืจื™ื ืชื•ืจื ืœื”ืชื ื”ื’ื•ืช ื”ืชืื•ืฉืฉื•ืช ืฆืคื•ื™ื” ื•ืžืคื—ื™ืช ืืช ื”ืกื™ื›ื•ืŸ ืœื”ื™ื“ืจื“ืจื•ืช ื‘ืœืชื™ ืฆืคื•ื™ื” ื‘ืžื”ืœืš ืื™ืจื•ืขื™ื ืขืชื™ื“ื™ื™ื.

ืžื“ื™ื“ืช ื™ื™ืฆื•ื‘ ืชืœื•ืช ืœืื—ืจ ื”ืชืื•ืฉืฉื•ืช ื”ื“ืจื’ืชื™ืช

ืžื“ื“ื™ ื™ื™ืฆื•ื‘ ืชืœื•ืช ืžื•ื“ื“ื™ื ืืช ื”ืžื”ื™ืจื•ืช ื•ื”ื“ื™ื™ืงื ื•ืช ืฉื‘ื” ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ื ืชืœื•ื™ื™ื ื—ื•ื–ืจื™ื ืœืžืฆื‘ ืคืขื•ืœื” ืžืกื•ื ื›ืจืŸ ืœืื—ืจ ืฉืฉื™ืจื•ืช ืจืืฉื™ ืžืชืื•ืฉืฉ. ื‘ืืจื›ื™ื˜ืงื˜ื•ืจื•ืช ืžื‘ื•ื–ืจื•ืช, ืชืœื•ื™ื•ืช ืœืขื™ืชื™ื ืจื—ื•ืงื•ืช ืžืชืื•ืฉืฉื•ืช ื‘ืื•ืชื• ืงืฆื‘. ืจื›ื™ื‘ ืื—ื“ ืขืฉื•ื™ ืœืฉื—ื–ืจ ืคื•ื ืงืฆื™ื•ื ืœื™ื•ืช ื‘ืžื”ื™ืจื•ืช, ื‘ืขื•ื“ ืฉืื—ืจ ื ืฉืืจ ื‘ืžืฆื‘ ืžื•ืฉืคืœ. ื—ื•ืกืจ ื”ืชืืžื” ื–ื” ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื™ืฆื•ืจ ืชื ื•ื“ื•ืช ื”ืžืืจื™ื›ื•ืช ืืช ืชืงื•ืคืช ื”ื”ืชืื•ืฉืฉื•ืช.

ืชืจื—ื™ืฉื™ ื”ื™ื“ืจื“ืจื•ืช ื•ื”ืชืื•ืฉืฉื•ืช ื”ื“ืจื’ืชื™ื™ื ืขื•ื–ืจื™ื ืœืžื”ื ื“ืกื™ื ืœื”ื‘ื™ืŸ ื›ื™ืฆื“ ืชืœื•ื™ื•ืช ืžืกืชื“ืจื•ืช ืžื—ื“ืฉ ืชื—ืช ืฉื—ื–ื•ืจ ื—ืœืงื™ ืฉืœ ื”ืฉื™ืจื•ืช. ืื ืฉื™ืจื•ืช ืžืชื—ื™ืœ ืœืขื‘ื“ ื‘ืงืฉื•ืช ืœืคื ื™ ืฉืชืœื•ื™ื•ืชื™ื• ืžืชื™ื™ืฆื‘ื•ืช ืœื—ืœื•ื˜ื™ืŸ, ืฉื’ื™ืื•ืช ืขืœื•ืœื•ืช ืœื”ืฆื˜ื‘ืจ. ืœืขื•ืžืช ื–ืืช, ืื ืฉื™ืจื•ืช ื ืฉืืจ ื‘ืžืฆื‘ ื’ื™ื‘ื•ื™ ื–ืžืŸ ืจื‘ ืžื“ื™, ื”ื•ื ืขืœื•ืœ ืœื’ืจื•ื ืœืขื•ืžืก ื‘ืžืขืœื” ื”ื–ืจื. ื‘ื“ื™ืงื•ืช ื”ื™ื“ืจื“ืจื•ืช ืžื•ื‘ื ื•ืช ืœื•ื›ื“ื•ืช ืืช ื™ื—ืกื™ ื”ืชื–ืžื•ืŸ ื”ืœืœื• ื•ื—ื•ืฉืคื•ืช ื”ืื ื”ืชื™ื™ืฆื‘ื•ืช ืžืชืจื—ืฉืช ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืฆืคื•ื™.

ืชื•ื‘ื ื•ืช ื“ื•ืžื•ืช ืœืืœื• ืฉื ืžืฆืื• ื‘ืžื—ืงืจื™ื ืฉืœ ื™ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืช ืคืขื•ืœื•ืช ื”ื™ื‘ืจื™ื“ื™ื•ืช ืœืกืคืง ื”ืงืฉืจ ืœื”ื‘ื ืช ื”ืื•ืคืŸ ืฉื‘ื• ื”ืชื ื”ื’ื•ืช ืชืœื•ืช ืžืฉืคื™ืขื” ืขืœ ืฉื—ื–ื•ืจ. ืžื”ื ื“ืกื™ื ื‘ื•ื—ื ื™ื ื”ืื ื”ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ื ืžืฉื—ื–ืจื™ื ืืช ื”ืชืงืฉื•ืจืช ื‘ืฆื•ืจื” ื ืงื™ื™ื”, ื”ืื ื”ื•ื“ืขื•ืช ื‘ืชื•ืจ ืžืขื•ื‘ื“ื•ืช ื‘ืกื“ืจ ื”ื ื›ื•ืŸ, ื•ื”ืื ืฉื’ืจื•ืช ื”ืกื ื›ืจื•ืŸ ืฉื•ืžืจื•ืช ืขืœ ืฉืœืžื•ืช ื‘ื™ืŸ ืชื—ื•ืžื™ื.

ืžื“ื“ื™ ื™ื™ืฆื•ื‘ ืชืœื•ืช ืžื“ื’ื™ืฉื™ื ื”ื™ื›ืŸ ื”ืชืืžื•ืช ืื“ืจื™ื›ืœื™ื•ืช ื™ื›ื•ืœื•ืช ืœืฉืคืจ ืืช ื”ื—ื•ืกืŸ. ื™ื™ืฆื•ื‘ ืื™ื˜ื™ ืขืฉื•ื™ ืœื”ืฆื‘ื™ืข ืขืœ ื—ื•ืกืจ ืžืกืคื™ืง ืฉืœ ื ื™ืกื™ื•ืŸ ื—ื•ื–ืจ, ื”ื’ื“ืจื•ืช ื–ืžืŸ ืงืฆื•ื‘ ืœื ื ื›ื•ื ื•ืช ืื• ืฆื™ืžื•ื“ ื’ื‘ื•ื” ื‘ื™ืŸ ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ื. ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ื—ื™ื“ื•ื“ ืชื—ื•ืžื™ื ืืœื”, ืฆื•ื•ืชื™ื ืžื‘ื˜ื™ื—ื™ื ืฉื”ื”ืชืื•ืฉืฉื•ืช ืœื ืชื‘ื™ื ืœื”ื™ื“ืจื“ืจื•ืช ืžืฉื ื™ืช. ื™ื™ืฆื•ื‘ ืขืงื‘ื™ ืœืื•ืจืš ื‘ื“ื™ืงื•ืช ื”ื™ื“ืจื“ืจื•ืช ื—ื•ื–ืจื•ืช ืžืขื™ื“ ืขืœ ื‘ื’ืจื•ืช ื‘ื ื™ื”ื•ืœ ืชืœื•ืช ื•ืชื•ืจื ืœื”ื‘ื˜ื—ืช ืืžื™ื ื•ืช ื‘ืจืžืช ื”ืืจื’ื•ืŸ.

ื’ื™ืœื•ื™ ืคื’ืžื™ื ืกืžื•ื™ื™ื ืฉื ื—ืฉืคื• ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ืชืจื—ื™ืฉื™ ืชืงืœื” ืžื‘ื•ืงืจื™ื

ืคื’ืžื™ื ืกืžื•ื™ื™ื ืžื™ื™ืฆื’ื™ื ื—ืœืง ืžื”ืกื™ื›ื•ื ื™ื ื”ืžืืชื’ืจื™ื ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ื‘ืืจื›ื™ื˜ืงื˜ื•ืจื•ืช ืžื‘ื•ื–ืจื•ืช ืžื•ื“ืจื ื™ื•ืช ืžืฉื•ื ืฉื”ื ื ืฉืืจื™ื ืจื“ื•ืžื™ื ื‘ืชื ืื™ื ืจื’ื™ืœื™ื. ืคื’ืžื™ื ืืœื” ืžื•ืคืขืœื™ื ืœืขื™ืชื™ื ืงืจื•ื‘ื•ืช ืจืง ื›ืืฉืจ ืชื ืื™ ืชื–ืžื•ืŸ, ืžืฆื‘, ืžืงื‘ื™ืœื™ื•ืช ืื• ืชืœื•ืช ืžืฉืชื ื™ื ืขืงื‘ ืคื’ื™ืขื” ืื• ื›ืฉืœื™ื ื—ืœืงื™ื™ื. ืชืจื—ื™ืฉื™ ืชืงืœื•ืช ืžื‘ื•ืงืจื™ื ื—ื™ื•ื ื™ื™ื ืœื–ื™ื”ื•ื™ ื—ื•ืœืฉื•ืช ื ืกืชืจื•ืช ืืœื•. ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ื”ื–ืจืงืช ืฉื™ื‘ื•ืฉื™ื ืžืžื•ืงื“ื™ื ื”ืžืฉื ื•ืช ืืช ื–ืจื™ืžืช ื”ื‘ื™ืฆื•ืข, ื’ื‘ื•ืœื•ืช ื”ืชื–ืžื•ืŸ ื•ืžืฆื‘ื™ื ืชืคืขื•ืœื™ื™ื, ืžื”ื ื“ืกื™ื ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœื—ืฉื•ืฃ ืคื’ืžื™ื ืฉืฉื™ื˜ื•ืช ื‘ื“ื™ืงื” ืžืกื•ืจืชื™ื•ืช ืžืชืขืœืžื•ืช ืžื”ื. ื”ื–ืจืงืช ืชืงืœื•ืช ื—ื•ืฉืคืช ืื ื•ืžืœื™ื•ืช ื”ืชื ื”ื’ื•ืชื™ื•ืช ืžื’ื•ื•ื ื•ืช ืฉืฆืฆื•ืช ื‘ืžื”ืœืš ืžืขื‘ืจื™ื ื‘ืœืชื™ ืฆืคื•ื™ื™ื, ื•ืžืืคืฉืจืช ืœืฆื•ื•ืชื™ื ืœื’ืœื•ืช ืคื’ื™ืขื•ื™ื•ืช ื”ืจื‘ื” ืœืคื ื™ ืฉื”ืŸ ืžืชื‘ื˜ืื•ืช ื‘ื™ื™ืฆื•ืจ.

ืกื‘ื™ื‘ื•ืช ืืจื’ื•ื ื™ื•ืช ืžืกืชืžื›ื•ืช ืขืœ ื”ื–ืจืงืช ืชืงืœื•ืช ื›ื“ื™ ืœื–ื”ื•ืช ืคื’ืžื™ื ืกืžื•ื™ื™ื ื‘ืจื›ื™ื‘ื™ื ืžื“ื•ืจ ืงื•ื“ื, ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ื ืฉืขื‘ืจื• ืžื•ื“ืจื ื™ื–ืฆื™ื” ื•ืฉื›ื‘ื•ืช ืื™ื ื˜ื’ืจืฆื™ื” ื”ื™ื‘ืจื™ื“ื™ื•ืช. ืžืขืจื›ื•ืช ืืœื• ืžื›ื™ืœื•ืช ืœืขืชื™ื ืงืจื•ื‘ื•ืช ืœื•ื’ื™ืงื” ืžื•ืจื›ื‘ืช ืฉื”ืฆื˜ื‘ืจื” ื‘ืžืฉืš ืฉื ื™ื ืฉืœ ืขื“ื›ื•ื ื™ื ืื™ื˜ืจื˜ื™ื‘ื™ื™ื. ืœืœื ืฉื™ื‘ื•ืฉ ืžื‘ื•ืงืจ, ืคื’ืžื™ื ืกืžื•ื™ื™ื ืขืฉื•ื™ื™ื ืœื”ื™ืฉืืจ ื‘ืœืชื™ ืžืชื’ืœื™ื ืขื“ ืฉืื™ืจื•ืข ืืžื™ืชื™ ื™ืคืขื™ืœ ืื•ืชื ื‘ืชื ืื™ื ืฉื”ืžืชื›ื ื ื™ื ื”ืžืงื•ืจื™ื™ื ืžืขื•ืœื ืœื ืฆืคื•. ืืกื˜ืจื˜ื’ื™ื•ืช ืื ืœื™ื˜ื™ื•ืช ื“ื•ืžื•ืช ืœืืœื• ืฉื”ื•ืฆื’ื• ื‘ื‘ื“ื™ืงื•ืช ืฉืœ ื“ืคื•ืกื™ ืžื•ื“ืจื ื™ื–ืฆื™ื” ืฉืœ ืžืฆื‘ื™ื ืœืกื™ื™ืข ื‘ื”ื“ื’ืฉืช ื”ืื•ืคืŸ ืฉื‘ื• ืืจื›ื™ื˜ืงื˜ื•ืจื•ืช ืžืชืคืชื—ื•ืช ืžืฆื™ื’ื•ืช ื”ื–ื“ืžื ื•ื™ื•ืช ื—ื“ืฉื•ืช ืœืคื’ืžื™ื ื ืกืชืจื™ื. ืชืจื—ื™ืฉื™ ืชืงืœื•ืช ืžื•ื‘ื ื™ื ืžืกืคืงื™ื ืืช ื”ื“ื™ื•ืง ื”ื ื“ืจืฉ ืœื—ืฉื™ืคืช ืกื™ื›ื•ื ื™ื ืืœื” ื•ืœื™ื™ื“ืข ืืช ื”ืฉื™ืคื•ืจื™ื ื”ืžืชืงื ื™ื ื”ื ื“ืจืฉื™ื ืœื—ื™ื–ื•ืง ื”ื—ื•ืกืŸ.

ื–ื™ื”ื•ื™ ื›ืฉืœื™ื ืœื•ื’ื™ื™ื ืžื•ืชื ื™ื ื”ืžื•ืคืขืœื™ื ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ื”ื–ืจืงืช ืชืงืœื•ืช

ืœื•ื’ื™ืงื” ืžื•ืชื ื™ืช ืžื”ื•ื•ื” ืœืขืชื™ื ืงืจื•ื‘ื•ืช ืืช ืขืžื•ื“ ื”ืฉื“ืจื” ืฉืœ ื–ืจื™ืžืช ื”ื‘ืงืจื”, ื•ืžืืคืฉืจืช ืœื™ื™ืฉื•ืžื™ื ืœื”ืชืื™ื ื”ืชื ื”ื’ื•ืช ื‘ื ืกื™ื‘ื•ืช ืกืคืฆื™ืคื™ื•ืช. ืขื ื–ืืช, ืœื•ื’ื™ืงื” ื”ืคื•ืขืœืช ื›ื”ืœื›ื” ืชื—ืช ืขื•ืžืกื™ื ืจื’ื™ืœื™ื ืขืฉื•ื™ื” ืœื”ืชื ื”ื’ ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ื‘ืœืชื™ ืฆืคื•ื™ ื‘ืžื”ืœืš ื›ืฉืœื™ื ื—ืœืงื™ื™ื ืื• ืžืขื‘ืจื™ ืžืฆื‘. ื›ืฉืœื™ื ื‘ืœื•ื’ื™ืงื” ืžื•ืชื ื™ืช ื ืฉืืจื™ื ืœืขืชื™ื ืงืจื•ื‘ื•ืช ืžื•ืกืชืจื™ื ืžื›ื™ื•ื•ืŸ ืฉืกื•ื•ื™ื˜ื•ืช ื‘ื“ื™ืงื” ืœืขื™ืชื™ื ืจื—ื•ืงื•ืช ืžื‘ืฆืขื•ืช ืืช ื›ืœ ื”ืฆื™ืจื•ืคื™ื ืฉืœ ืžืฆื‘, ื ืชื•ื ื™ื ื•ืชื–ืžื•ืŸ. ื”ื–ืจืงืช ืชืงืœื•ืช ืžืฆื™ื’ื” ืชื ืื™ื ืฉืžืคืขื™ืœื™ื ืขื ืคื™ื ืฉื›ืžืขื˜ ื•ืœื ืžืฉืชืžืฉื™ื ื‘ื”ื ื•ื—ื•ืฉืคืช ืืช ื”ื—ื•ืกืŸ ื”ืืžื™ืชื™ ืฉืœ ืžืกืœื•ืœื™ื ืืœื”.

ื›ืฉืœื™ื ืืœื” ืžื•ืคื™ืขื™ื ืœืขืชื™ื ืงืจื•ื‘ื•ืช ื‘ื—ืœืงื™ ืงื•ื“ ื”ืื—ืจืื™ื ืขืœ ื”ืชื ื”ื’ื•ืช ื ื™ืกื™ื•ืŸ ื—ื•ื–ืจ, ื”ืคืขืœืช ื’ื™ื‘ื•ื™ ืื• ืื™ืžื•ืช ืžืฆื‘. ื›ืืฉืจ ืฉื™ื‘ื•ืฉื™ื ื’ื•ืจืžื™ื ืœืื™-ืกื“ืจื™ื ื‘ืชื–ืžื•ืŸ, ืขื ืคื™ื ืžื•ืชื ื™ื ืขืœื•ืœื™ื ืœื”ื•ืคื™ืข ืžื—ื•ืฅ ืœืจืฆืฃ, ื•ืœื’ืจื•ื ืœืคืขื•ืœื•ืช ืฉื’ื•ื™ื•ืช ืื• ืœื”ื™ื“ืจื“ืจื•ืช ืžืชืžืฉื›ืช. ืชื•ื‘ื ื•ืช ืžื˜ื›ื ื™ืงื•ืช ื ื™ืชื•ื— ื“ื•ืžื•ืช ืœืืœื• ืฉื ืžืฆืื• ื‘ืžื—ืงืจื™ื ืฉืœ ื”ืฉืคืขื” ืขืœ ื‘ื™ืฆื•ืขื™ ื–ืžืŸ ื”ืจื™ืฆื” ืœืขื–ื•ืจ ืœื”ืžื—ื™ืฉ ื›ื™ืฆื“ ืฉื™ื ื•ื™ื™ื ื‘ื‘ื™ืฆื•ืขื™ื ืžื•ื‘ื™ืœื™ื ืœื”ื—ืœื˜ื•ืช ื”ืกืชืขืคื•ืช ื‘ืœืชื™ ืฆืคื•ื™ื•ืช. ื”ื–ืจืงืช ืชืงืœื•ืช ืขื•ื–ืจืช ืœืฆื•ื•ืชื™ ื”ื ื“ืกื” ืœื—ืฉื•ืฃ ืชืœื•ืช ืืœื• ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ื”ืขืจื›ืช ื”ืื•ืคืŸ ืฉื‘ื• ืœื•ื’ื™ืงื” ืžื•ืชื ื™ืช ืžื’ื™ื‘ื” ืœืขื™ื›ื•ื‘ื™ื ืžื‘ื•ืงืจื™ื, ื›ืฉืœื™ื ืœืกื™ืจื•ื’ื™ืŸ ืื• ื ืชื•ื ื™ื ืœื ืฉืœืžื™ื.

ืœืื—ืจ ื–ื™ื”ื•ื™ ื›ืฉืœื™ื ืœื•ื’ื™ื™ื ืžื•ืชื ื™ื, ื”ื ื“ื•ืจืฉื™ื ืชื™ืงื•ืŸ ื–ื”ื™ืจ. ืฆื•ื•ืชื™ื ืžืขืจื™ื›ื™ื ื”ืื ื”ืœื•ื’ื™ืงื” ืขืฆืžื” ื“ื•ืจืฉืช ืืจื’ื•ืŸ ืžื—ื“ืฉ ืื• ื”ืื ืชืœื•ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืžืขืœื” ื”ื–ืจื ื“ื•ืจืฉื•ืช ื™ื™ืฆื•ื‘. ืชื™ืงื•ื ื™ื ื›ื•ืœืœื™ื ืœืขืชื™ื ืงืจื•ื‘ื•ืช ื—ื™ื“ื•ื“ ืกืคื™ื, ืคื™ืฉื•ื˜ ื ืชื™ื‘ื™ ื”ืกืชืขืคื•ืช ืื• ืฉื™ื ื•ื™ ืชื ืื™ ื’ื™ื‘ื•ื™ ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ื‘ื˜ื™ื— ืชื•ืฆืื•ืช ืฆืคื•ื™ื•ืช. ื–ื™ื”ื•ื™ ืžื•ืงื“ื ืฉืœ ืคื’ืžื™ื ืžื•ืชื ื™ื ืžืฉืคืจ ืืช ืืžื™ื ื•ืช ื”ืžืขืจื›ืช ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ื”ื‘ื˜ื—ืช ืขืงื‘ื™ื•ืช ื‘ื”ืชื ื”ื’ื•ืช ื‘ืžื’ื•ื•ืŸ ืชืจื—ื™ืฉื™ื ืชืคืขื•ืœื™ื™ื ื‘ืœืชื™ ืฆืคื•ื™ื™ื. ืขื ื”ื–ืžืŸ, ืชื•ื‘ื ื•ืช ืืœื• ืชื•ืจืžื•ืช ืœืฉื™ืคื•ืจ ื”ืืจื›ื™ื˜ืงื˜ื•ืจื” ืืฉืจ ืžืคื—ื™ืชื•ืช ืืช ื”ืžื•ืจื›ื‘ื•ืช ื”ื›ื•ืœืœืช ื•ืžืฉืคืจื•ืช ืืช ื™ื›ื•ืœืช ื”ืชื—ื–ื•ืงื”.

ื’ื™ืœื•ื™ ืคื’ืžื™ื ืชืœื•ื™ื™ ืชื–ืžื•ืŸ ื‘ืžื”ืœืš ื‘ื™ืฆื•ืข ืจื‘-ืฉืœื‘ื™

ืคื’ืžื™ื ืชืœื•ื™ื™ ืชื–ืžื•ืŸ ืžืชืขื•ืจืจื™ื ื›ืืฉืจ ืจื›ื™ื‘ื™ื ืžืกืชืžื›ื™ื ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืžืจื•ืžื– ืขืœ ืžื”ื™ืจื•ื™ื•ืช ื‘ื™ืฆื•ืข ืžืกื•ื™ืžื•ืช, ืจืฆืคื™ ืกื“ืจ ืื• ืžืจื•ื•ื—ื™ ืื™ืจื•ืขื™ื. ืคื’ืžื™ื ืืœื” ืžื•ืคื™ืขื™ื ืœืขื™ืชื™ื ืจื—ื•ืงื•ืช ื‘ืกื‘ื™ื‘ื•ืช ื‘ื“ื™ืงื” ืกื™ื ืชื˜ื™ื•ืช, ื”ืคื•ืขืœื•ืช ืชื—ืช ื“ืคื•ืกื™ ืชื–ืžื•ืŸ ืฆืคื•ื™ื™ื. ื”ื–ืจืงืช ืชืงืœื•ืช ืžืฉื ื” ืืช ื’ื‘ื•ืœื•ืช ื”ืชื–ืžื•ืŸ ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ืกื™ืžื•ืœืฆื™ื™ืช ื”ืฉื”ื™ื™ื”, ื”ืชืื•ืฉืฉื•ืช ืžื“ื•ืจื’ืช ืื• ืชื—ืจื•ืช ืžืฉืื‘ื™ื ืžื•ืฉืจืช, ื•ื—ื•ืฉืคื™ื ืคื’ืžื™ื ืฉืฆืฆื™ื ืจืง ื›ืืฉืจ ื”ืชื–ืžื•ืŸ ืกื•ื˜ื” ืžื”ื ื•ืจืžื•ืช ื”ืฆืคื•ื™ื•ืช.

ื‘ืขื™ื•ืช ืชื–ืžื•ืŸ ืžืชื‘ื˜ืื•ืช ืœืขืชื™ื ืงืจื•ื‘ื•ืช ื›ืชื ืื™ ืžืจื•ืฅ, ืขื™ื‘ื•ื“ ื”ื•ื“ืขื•ืช ืœื ื‘ืกื“ืจ, ืื• ื›ืฉืœื™ื ื‘ืกื ื›ืจื•ืŸ. ื‘ืขื™ื•ืช ืืœื• ืขืฉื•ื™ื•ืช ืœื”ื™ืฉืืจ ืกืžื•ื™ื•ืช ื‘ื™ื™ืฆื•ืจ ืขื“ ืฉื”ืื˜ื” ื‘ืžืขืœื” ื”ื–ืจื, ืจื™ืฆื•ื“ ืจืฉืช ืื• ืชื’ื•ื‘ื” ืžืื•ื—ืจืช ื‘ืžื•ืจื“ ื”ื–ืจื ืžืคืขื™ืœื” ืื•ืชืŸ. ื”ื–ืจืงืช ืชืงืœื•ืช ืžืกืคืงืช ืžืกื’ืจืช ืืžื™ื ื” ืœื”ืคืขืœืช ืชื ืื™ื ืืœื• ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืžื›ื•ื•ืŸ. ืฉื™ื˜ื•ืช ืื ืœื™ื˜ื™ื•ืช ื›ื’ื•ืŸ ืืœื• ื”ืžื•ื–ื›ืจื•ืช ื‘ื”ืขืจื›ื•ืช ืฉืœ ื”ืชื ื”ื’ื•ืช ืขื•ืžืก ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ืžืงื‘ื™ืœ ืœืขื–ื•ืจ ืœื”ืžื—ื™ืฉ ืžื“ื•ืข ืจื’ื™ืฉื•ืช ื”ืชื–ืžื•ืŸ ืขื•ืœื” ื›ืืฉืจ ื ืชื™ื‘ื™ ื‘ื™ืฆื•ืข ืžืจื•ื‘ื™ื ืžืงื™ื™ืžื™ื ืื™ื ื˜ืจืืงืฆื™ื” ื‘ื• ื–ืžื ื™ืช.

ื‘ืžื”ืœืš ืฉื™ื‘ื•ืฉ ืžื‘ื•ืงืจ, ื˜ืœืžื˜ืจื™ื” ืขื•ืงื‘ืช ืื—ืจ ื”ืื•ืคืŸ ืฉื‘ื• ืจื›ื™ื‘ื™ื ืžื’ื™ื‘ื™ื ื›ืืฉืจ ืงืฆื‘ ื”ื‘ื™ืฆื•ืข ื”ืจื’ื™ืœ ืžืฉืชื ื”. ืžื”ื ื“ืกื™ื ืขืฉื•ื™ื™ื ืœื”ื‘ื—ื™ืŸ ื‘ืขื™ื‘ื•ื“ ืขืกืงืื•ืช ื›ืคื•ืœ, ืฉืœื‘ื™ ืื™ืžื•ืช ืฉื”ื•ื—ืžืฆื• ืื• ืกื ื›ืจื•ืŸ ืœื ืฉืœื ืฉืœ ืžืฆื‘ ืžื‘ื•ื–ืจ. ืื ื•ืžืœื™ื•ืช ืืœื• ื—ื•ืฉืคื•ืช ื”ื ื—ื•ืช ืชื–ืžื•ืŸ ื”ืžื•ื˜ืžืขื•ืช ืขืžื•ืง ื‘ืงื•ื“. ื–ื™ื”ื•ื™ืŸ ืžื•ืงื“ื ืžื•ื ืข ืื™ืจื•ืขื™ื ืขืชื™ื“ื™ื™ื ืฉื‘ื”ื ื”ืื˜ื” ืงืœื” ื’ื•ืจืžืช ืœื—ื•ืกืจ ื™ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืช ื›ืœืœ-ืžืขืจื›ืชื™ืช.

ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ื‘ืคื’ืžื™ื ืชืœื•ื™ื™ ืชื–ืžื•ืŸ ื“ื•ืจืฉ ืœืขืชื™ื ืงืจื•ื‘ื•ืช ืชื›ื ื•ืŸ ืžื—ื“ืฉ ืฉืœ ืžื ื’ื ื•ื ื™ ืกื ื›ืจื•ืŸ, ืื•ืคื˜ื™ืžื™ื–ืฆื™ื” ืฉืœ ืฉื›ื‘ื•ืช ืชืงืฉื•ืจืช ืื• ื”ืคื—ืชืช ื”ืชืœื•ืช ื‘ืจืฆืคื™ ืื™ืจื•ืขื™ื ืžืกื•ื“ืจื™ื ื‘ืงืคื™ื“ื”. ืฉื™ื‘ื•ืฉ ืžื‘ื•ืงืจ ืžืžืฉื™ืš ืœืฉืžืฉ ื›ืžื ื’ื ื•ืŸ ืื™ืžื•ืช ืœืื—ืจ ืชื™ืงื•ืŸ, ื•ืžื‘ื˜ื™ื— ืฉืœื•ื’ื™ืงื” ืžืขื•ื“ื›ื ืช ืœื ืชืฆื™ื’ ืขื•ื“ ืจื’ื™ืฉื•ืช ืœืชื–ืžื•ืŸ ื‘ืชื ืื™ ืชืคืขื•ืœ ืžื’ื•ื•ื ื™ื.

ื–ื™ื”ื•ื™ ืคื’ืžื™ ืฉืœืžื•ืช ื ืชื•ื ื™ื ื”ืžื•ืคืขืœื™ื ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ื–ืจื™ืžื•ืช ืžืฉื•ื‘ืฉื•ืช

ืคื’ืžื™ื ื‘ืฉืœืžื•ืช ื ืชื•ื ื™ื ื”ื ืœืขืชื™ื ืงืจื•ื‘ื•ืช ืกืžื•ื™ื™ื ืžืฉื•ื ืฉื”ื ืฆืฆื™ื ืจืง ื›ืืฉืจ ื–ืจื™ืžืช ื ืชื•ื ื™ื ื”ื•ืคื›ืช ืœื ืขืงื‘ื™ืช ืื• ืžืฉื•ื‘ืฉืช ื—ืœืงื™ืช. ืคื’ืžื™ื ืืœื” ืขืฉื•ื™ื™ื ืœื›ืœื•ืœ ืžืฆื‘ ื™ืฉืŸ, ื”ื•ื“ืขื•ืช ืœื ืฉืœืžื•ืช, ืขืกืงืื•ืช ืฉืœื ื‘ื•ืฆืขื• ืื• ืžื˜ืขื ื™ื ื‘ืขืœื™ ืžื‘ื ื” ืคื’ื•ื. ื‘ืชื ืื™ื ืจื’ื™ืœื™ื, ืฉื’ืจื•ืช ืื™ืžื•ืช ื•ื‘ื™ืฆื•ืข ืžืกื•ื“ืจ ืžื•ื ืขื™ื ื‘ืขื™ื•ืช ื›ืืœื” ืžืœื”ื•ืคื™ืข. ืชืจื—ื™ืฉื™ ืชืงืœื•ืช ืžื‘ื•ืงืจื™ื ืžืฉื ื™ื ื”ื ื—ื•ืช ืืœื” ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ื’ืจื™ืžืช ื›ืฉืœื™ื ื—ืœืงื™ื™ื ื”ืžืคืจื™ืขื™ื ืœื–ืจื™ืžืช ื ืชื•ื ื™ื ื‘ื ืงื•ื“ื•ืช ืงืจื™ื˜ื™ื•ืช. ื”ืคื’ืžื™ื ื”ื ื•ื‘ืขื™ื ืžื›ืš ืžืกืคืงื™ื ืชื•ื‘ื ื” ื—ื™ื•ื ื™ืช ืœื’ื‘ื™ ื™ื›ื•ืœืชื” ืฉืœ ื”ืžืขืจื›ืช ืœืฉืžื•ืจ ืขืœ ืฉืœืžื•ืช ื‘ืชื ืื™ื ืคื’ื•ืžื™ื.

ื”ื–ืจืงืช ืชืงืœื•ืช ืขืœื•ืœื” ืœืฉื‘ืฉ ืืช ืฆื™ื ื•ืจื•ืช ื”ื ืชื•ื ื™ื ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ืขื™ื›ื•ื‘ ืื™ืฉื•ืจื™ื, ื”ืคืจืขื” ืœืฉื›ืคื•ืœ ื ืชื•ื ื™ื ืื• ืฉื™ื ื•ื™ ืกื“ืจ ื”ื•ื“ืขื•ืช. ืฉื™ื‘ื•ืฉื™ื ืืœื” ืžืืชื’ืจื™ื ืืช ืฉื’ืจื•ืช ื”ืื™ืžื•ืช ื›ื“ื™ ืœืงื‘ื•ืข ื”ืื ื”ืŸ ืžื–ื”ื•ืช ื—ื•ืกืจ ืขืงื‘ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืžื“ื•ื™ืง ื•ื”ืื ื”ืžืขืจื›ืช ืฉื•ืžืจืช ืขืœ ืงื•ื”ืจื ื˜ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืชื ืื™ื ื—ืจื™ื’ื™ื. ื˜ื›ื ื™ืงื•ืช ื ื™ืชื•ื— ืžื‘ื ื™ ื“ื•ืžื•ืช ืœืืœื• ื”ืžื•ื–ื›ืจื•ืช ื‘ื“ื™ื•ื ื™ื ืขืœ ืžืขืงื‘ ื ืชื•ื ื™ื ื›ืœืœ-ืกื›ื™ืžืชื™ ืœืกื™ื™ืข ื‘ื”ืงืฉืจ ืฉืœ ื—ืฉื™ื‘ื•ืช ืžื™ืคื•ื™ ืชืœื•ื™ื•ืช ื ืชื•ื ื™ื ื‘ืจื—ื‘ื™ ื”ืžืขืจื›ืช. ื”ื–ืจืงืช ืชืงืœื•ืช ืžืืžืชืช ื”ืื ืชืœื•ื™ื•ืช ืืœื• ืžืชื ื”ื’ื•ืช ื‘ืฆื•ืจื” ืฆืคื•ื™ื” ื›ืืฉืจ ื”ืŸ ืžืชืžื•ื“ื“ื•ืช ืขื ืžืงื˜ืขื™ ื ืชื•ื ื™ื ืœื ืฉืœืžื™ื ืื• ืคื’ื•ืžื™ื.

ืคื’ืžื™ื ื‘ืฉืœืžื•ืช ื”ื ืชื•ื ื™ื ืžืฆื‘ื™ืขื™ื ืœืขืชื™ื ืงืจื•ื‘ื•ืช ืขืœ ื—ื•ืกืจ ื™ื™ืฉื•ืจ ืืจื›ื™ื˜ืงื˜ื•ื ื™ ืขืžื•ืง ื™ื•ืชืจ, ื›ื’ื•ืŸ ื›ื™ืกื•ื™ ืื™ืžื•ืช ืœื ืžืกืคืง ืื• ืฆื™ืžื•ื“ ื”ื“ื•ืง ื‘ื™ืŸ ืจื›ื™ื‘ื™ ื˜ืจื ื–ืงืฆื™ื•ืช. ืชืจื—ื™ืฉื™ ืคื’ื™ืขื” ืขื•ื–ืจื™ื ืœืžื”ื ื“ืกื™ื ืœื–ื”ื•ืช ื”ื™ื›ืŸ ื ื“ืจืฉ ืื™ืžื•ืช ื—ื–ืง ื™ื•ืชืจ, ื‘ืงืจื•ืช ืกื›ื™ืžื” ืžืฉื•ืคืจื•ืช ืื• ืžื ื’ื ื•ื ื™ ืกื ื›ืจื•ืŸ ืขืžื™ื“ื™ื ื™ื•ืชืจ. ืชื™ืงื•ื ื™ื ืืœื” ืขื•ื–ืจื™ื ืœืžื ื•ืข ื”ืชืคืฉื˜ื•ืช ื ื–ืงื™ ื ืชื•ื ื™ื ื‘ื™ืŸ ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ื.

ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ื–ื™ื”ื•ื™ ื‘ืขื™ื•ืช ืฉืœืžื•ืช ืœืคื ื™ ืฉื”ืŸ ืžื•ืคื™ืขื•ืช ื‘ื™ื™ืฆื•ืจ, ืืจื’ื•ื ื™ื ืžื—ื–ืงื™ื ืืช ื”ืืžื•ืŸ ื‘ืฆื™ื ื•ืจื•ืช ื”ื ืชื•ื ื™ื ืฉืœื”ื ื•ืžื’ื ื™ื ืขืœ ืชื”ืœื™ื›ื™ ื ื™ืชื•ื—, ื“ื™ื•ื•ื— ื•ืชื”ืœื™ื›ื™ื ื˜ืจื ื–ืงืฆื™ื•ื ืœื™ื™ื ื‘ืžื•ืจื“ ื”ื–ืจื. ื”ืชื•ื‘ื ื•ืช ื”ืžืชืงื‘ืœื•ืช ืžื–ื™ื”ื•ื™ ืคื’ืžื™ื ืชื•ืžื›ื•ืช ื”ืŸ ื‘ืืžื™ื ื•ืช ืชืคืขื•ืœื™ืช ื•ื”ืŸ ื‘ืชื›ื ื•ืŸ ืžื•ื“ืจื ื™ื–ืฆื™ื” ืœื˜ื•ื•ื— ืืจื•ืš.

ื—ืฉื™ืคืช ืื™ื ื˜ืจืืงืฆื™ื•ืช ื ืกืชืจื•ืช ื‘ื™ืŸ ืจื›ื™ื‘ื™ื ืžื“ื•ืจ ืงื•ื“ื ื•ืžื•ื“ืจื ื™ื™ื

ืืจื›ื™ื˜ืงื˜ื•ืจื•ืช ื”ื™ื‘ืจื™ื“ื™ื•ืช ื”ืžืฉืœื‘ื•ืช ืจื›ื™ื‘ื™ื ืžื“ื•ืจ ืงื•ื“ื ื•ืžื•ื“ืจื ื™ื™ื ืžืฆื™ื’ื•ืช ืœืขืชื™ื ืงืจื•ื‘ื•ืช ืื™ื ื˜ืจืืงืฆื™ื•ืช ื ืกืชืจื•ืช ื”ืžื™ื™ืฆืจื•ืช ืคื’ืžื™ื ืกืžื•ื™ื™ื ื‘ืชื ืื™ ืชืงืœื”. ืžืขืจื›ื•ืช ืžื“ื•ืจ ืงื•ื“ื ืขืฉื•ื™ื•ืช ืœื”ืกืชืžืš ืขืœ ืชื–ืžื•ื ื™ื ืฆืคื•ื™ื™ื, ืžื•ื“ืœื™ื ืฉืœ ืžืฆื‘ื™ื ื ื•ืงืฉื™ื ืื• ื“ืคื•ืกื™ ืชืงืฉื•ืจืช ืกื™ื ื›ืจื•ื ื™ื™ื. ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ื ืžื•ื“ืจื ื™ื™ื ืคื•ืขืœื™ื ืœืขืชื™ื ืงืจื•ื‘ื•ืช ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืืกื™ื ื›ืจื•ื ื™, ื“ื™ื ืžื™ ื•ืขื ืžืืคื™ื™ื ื™ ื‘ื™ืฆื•ืขื™ื ืžื’ื•ื•ื ื™ื. ื”ื–ืจืงืช ืชืงืœื•ืช ืžืžื•ืฆื‘ืช ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ื™ื™ื—ื•ื“ื™ ืœื—ืฉื•ืฃ ื›ื™ืฆื“ ืื™ ื”ืชืืžื•ืช ืืœื• ืžืชื‘ื˜ืื•ืช ื›ืืฉืจ ืฉื™ื‘ื•ืฉื™ื ืžืฉื ื•ืช ืืช ื”ื”ืชื ื”ื’ื•ืช ื”ืชืคืขื•ืœื™ืช.

ืื™ื ื˜ืจืืงืฆื™ื•ืช ืืœื• ืžืชื‘ืจืจื•ืช ืœืขื™ืชื™ื ืงืจื•ื‘ื•ืช ื‘ืžื”ืœืš ื›ืฉืœื™ื ื—ืœืงื™ื™ื ืื• ื—ื•ืกืจ ืขืงื‘ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืžืฆื‘ื™ื. ืžื•ื“ื•ืœ ืžื“ื•ืจ ืงื•ื“ื ืขืฉื•ื™ ืœืคืจืฉ ืชื’ื•ื‘ื•ืช ืžืื•ื—ืจื•ืช ื›ืงืœื˜ ืฉื’ื•ื™, ืžื” ืฉืžืคืขื™ืœ ืจืฆืคื™ ืฉื’ื™ืื” ืฉืœื ื ืจืื™ื ื‘ืชื ืื™ื ืจื’ื™ืœื™ื. ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ื“ื•ืžื”, ืžื™ืงืจื•-ืฉื™ืจื•ืช ืžื•ื“ืจื ื™ ืขืฉื•ื™ ืœื™ื™ืฆืจ ืคืœื˜ื™ื ื‘ืœืชื™ ืฆืคื•ื™ื™ื ื›ืืฉืจ ืžืขืจื›ื•ืช ืžื“ื•ืจ ืงื•ื“ื ืžืกืคืงื•ืช ื ืชื•ื ื™ื ืœื ืฉืœืžื™ื. ืžืกื’ืจื•ืช ืื ืœื™ื˜ื™ื•ืช ืฉืคื•ืชื—ื• ืœื‘ื—ื™ื ืช ืžื•ื“ืจื ื™ื–ืฆื™ื” ืฉืœ ืžืขืจื›ื•ืช ื”ื™ื‘ืจื™ื“ื™ื•ืช ืœืขื–ื•ืจ ืœื”ืกื‘ื™ืจ ื›ื™ืฆื“ ืื™-ื”ืชืืžื•ืช ืืœื• ืžืฉืคื™ืขื•ืช ืขืœ ื”ืชื ื”ื’ื•ืช ื–ืžืŸ ืจื™ืฆื”. ืชืจื—ื™ืฉื™ ื”ื–ืจืงืช ืชืงืœื•ืช ืฉื ื•ืขื“ื• ืœืืชื’ืจ ืืช ื ืงื•ื“ื•ืช ื”ืื™ื ื˜ื’ืจืฆื™ื” ื”ืœืœื• ื—ื•ืฉืคื™ื ืชืœื•ื™ื•ืช ืฉืœื ื”ื™ื• ื™ื“ื•ืขื•ืช ืงื•ื“ื ืœื›ืŸ.

ื–ื™ื”ื•ื™ ืื™ื ื˜ืจืืงืฆื™ื•ืช ื ืกืชืจื•ืช ืžื ื—ื” ื”ื—ืœื˜ื•ืช ืžื•ื“ืจื ื™ื–ืฆื™ื” ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ื’ื™ืœื•ื™ ื”ื™ื›ืŸ ื’ื‘ื•ืœื•ืช ืžื“ื•ืจ ืงื•ื“ื ื“ื•ืจืฉื™ื ื—ื™ื–ื•ืง ืื• ื”ื™ื›ืŸ ืจื›ื™ื‘ื™ื ืžื•ื“ืจื ื™ื™ื ื–ืงื•ืงื™ื ืœืืžืฆืขื™ ื”ื’ื ื” ื ื•ืกืคื™ื ื‘ืขืช ืชืงืฉื•ืจืช ืขื ืคืœื˜ืคื•ืจืžื•ืช ื™ืฉื ื•ืช ื™ื•ืชืจ. ืฉื™ื‘ื•ืฉ ืžื‘ื•ืงืจ ืžืกื™ื™ืข ืœืžื”ื ื“ืกื™ื ืœืงื‘ื•ืข ื”ืื ื“ืคื•ืกื™ ืชืงืฉื•ืจืช ื“ื•ืจืฉื™ื ื”ืชืืžื”, ื”ืื ืœื•ื’ื™ืงืช ื”ืชืจื’ื•ื ื–ืงื•ืงื” ืœืฉื™ืคื•ืจ, ืื• ื”ืื ื™ืฉ ืœื™ื™ืฉื ืืกื˜ืจื˜ื’ื™ื•ืช ื ื™ืชื•ืง ื›ื“ื™ ืœื‘ื•ื“ื“ ื”ืชื ื”ื’ื•ื™ื•ืช ืœื ืชื•ืืžื•ืช.

ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ื‘ืื™ื ื˜ืจืืงืฆื™ื•ืช ืืœื• ืœืคื ื™ ื”ื’ื™ืจื” ืžืœืื” ืžื‘ื˜ื™ื— ืฉืกื‘ื™ื‘ื•ืช ื”ื™ื‘ืจื™ื“ื™ื•ืช ื™ื™ืฉืืจื• ื™ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืช ื‘ืžื”ืœืš ื”ืžืขื‘ืจ. ื–ื™ื”ื•ื™ ืคื’ืžื™ื ืืœื• ืชื•ืžืš ื‘ืžื—ื–ื•ืจื™ ืžื•ื“ืจื ื™ื–ืฆื™ื” ื—ืœืงื™ื ื™ื•ืชืจ, ื‘ื”ืคื—ืชืช ื”ืกื™ื›ื•ืŸ ืœืื™ืจื•ืขื™ื ื•ื‘ืฉื™ืคื•ืจ ื”ื”ืชืืžื” ื‘ื™ืŸ ืฆื™ืคื™ื•ืช ื”ืืžื™ื ื•ืช ืฉืœ ืžืขืจื›ื•ืช ืžื“ื•ืจ ืงื•ื“ื ืœื‘ื™ืŸ ื“ืคื•ืกื™ ืื“ืจื™ื›ืœื•ืช ืžื•ื“ืจื ื™ื™ื.

ืฉื™ืžื•ืฉ ื‘ื ืชื•ื ื™ ื”ื–ืจืงืช ืชืงืœื•ืช ืœื—ื™ื–ื•ืง ื™ื›ื•ืœืช ื”ืชืฆืคื™ืช ื•ื”ื˜ืœืžื˜ืจื™ื”

ื ืฆืคื™ื•ืช ื•ื˜ืœืžื˜ืจื™ื” ืžื”ื•ื•ืช ืืช ื”ื‘ืกื™ืก ืœื›ืœ ืืกื˜ืจื˜ื’ื™ื™ืช ื—ื•ืกืŸ ืืจื’ื•ื ื™, ืืš ื’ื™ืฉื•ืช ื ื™ื˜ื•ืจ ืžืกื•ืจืชื™ื•ืช ืžื ื™ื—ื•ืช ืœืขืชื™ื ืงืจื•ื‘ื•ืช ืชื ืื™ ืชืคืขื•ืœ ื™ืฆื™ื‘ื™ื. ื”ื–ืจืงืช ืชืงืœื•ืช ืžืืชื’ืจืช ื”ื ื—ื” ื–ื• ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ื”ืฆื’ืช ืฉื™ื‘ื•ืฉื™ื ืžื‘ื•ืงืจื™ื ื”ื—ื•ืฉืคื™ื ืขื“ ื›ืžื” ืฆื™ื ื•ืจื•ืช ื ืฆืคื™ื•ืช ืœื•ื›ื“ื™ื ืื•ืชื•ืช ื—ืจื™ื’ื™ื. ื›ืืฉืจ ืฉื™ื‘ื•ืฉื™ื ืžืฉื ื•ืช ืืช ื”ืชื ื”ื’ื•ืช ื”ืชื–ืžื•ืŸ, ื”ืžืฆื‘ ืื• ื”ืชืœื•ืช, ืฉื›ื‘ื•ืช ื”ื ื™ื˜ื•ืจ ื—ื™ื™ื‘ื•ืช ืœื—ืฉื•ืฃ ืืช ื”ืฉื™ื ื•ื™ื™ื ื”ืœืœื• ื‘ืฆื•ืจื” ืžื“ื•ื™ืงืช ื•ืžื”ื™ืจื”. ื ืชื•ื ื™ ื”ื–ืจืงืช ืชืงืœื•ืช ืžืกืคืงื™ื ืืช ื”ืจืื™ื•ืช ื”ื“ืจื•ืฉื•ืช ื›ื“ื™ ืœืงื‘ื•ืข ื”ืื ื™ื•ืžื ื™ ืจื™ืฉื•ื, ืขืงื‘ื•ืช ื•ืžื“ื“ื™ื ืžืฉืงืคื™ื ืืช ื”ืชื ื”ื’ื•ืช ื”ืžืขืจื›ืช ื”ืืžื™ืชื™ืช ืื• ืฉืžื ืคืขืจื™ื ื‘ืžื›ืฉื•ืจ ืžืกืชื™ืจื™ื ืื™ื ื“ื™ืงื˜ื•ืจื™ื ืงืจื™ื˜ื™ื™ื. ืชื•ื‘ื ื•ืช ืืœื• ืžืืคืฉืจื•ืช ืœืžื”ื ื“ืกื™ ืืžื™ื ื•ืช ืœื—ื“ื“ ืžื ื’ื ื•ื ื™ ื ืจืื•ืช ื›ืš ืฉืื ื•ืžืœื™ื•ืช ืชืคืขื•ืœื™ื•ืช ืœื ื™ื•ื›ืœื• ืœื”ื™ืฉืืจ ืžื•ืกืชืจื•ืช.

ืืจื’ื•ื ื™ื ืžืกืชืžื›ื™ื ื™ื•ืชืจ ื•ื™ื•ืชืจ ืขืœ ื˜ืœืžื˜ืจื™ื” ื›ื“ื™ ืœืชืžื•ืš ื‘ืื‘ื—ื•ืŸ ืžื”ื™ืจ, ืชื™ืงื•ืŸ ืื•ื˜ื•ืžื˜ื™ ื•ื“ื™ื•ื•ื— ืชืื™ืžื•ืช. ืขื ื–ืืช, ื˜ืœืžื˜ืจื™ื” ื—ืฉื•ื‘ื” ืจืง ื›ืžื• ืื™ื›ื•ืช ื”ืื•ืชื•ืช ืฉื”ื™ื ืžื™ื™ืฆืจืช ื‘ืชื ืื™ื ืœื ืกื˜ื ื“ืจื˜ื™ื™ื. ืชืจื—ื™ืฉื™ ืชืงืœื•ืช ืžื‘ื•ืงืจื™ื ืžื“ื’ื™ืฉื™ื ื—ื•ืœืฉื•ืช ื‘ืงื•ืจืœืฆื™ื” ืฉืœ ื”ืžืขืงื‘, ืขืงื‘ื™ื•ืช ืžื˜ืจื™, ืฉืœืžื•ืช ื™ื•ืžืŸ ื•ืกื™ื“ื•ืจ ืื™ืจื•ืขื™ื. ื˜ื›ื ื™ืงื•ืช ื“ื•ืžื•ืช ืœืืœื• ื”ืžืชื•ืืจื•ืช ื‘ื ื™ืชื•ื—ื™ื ืฉืœ ืฉื™ืคื•ืจ ืฆืคื™ื™ื” ื‘ื ืชื•ื ื™ื ืœืขื–ื•ืจ ืœื”ืžื—ื™ืฉ ืืช ื”ื—ืฉื™ื‘ื•ืช ืฉืœ ื ืจืื•ืช ืจื‘-ืžืžื“ื™ืช ืœืคื™ืจื•ืฉ ืžื“ื•ื™ืง ืฉืœ ืชืงืœื•ืช. ื›ืืฉืจ ื ืชื•ื ื™ ื”ื–ืจืงืช ืชืงืœื•ืช ื—ื•ืฉืคื™ื ืื•ืชื•ืช ื—ืกืจื™ื ืื• ืžื˜ืขื™ื, ืฆื•ื•ืชื™ ื”ื ื“ืกื” ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœืขืฆื‘ ืžื—ื“ืฉ ื“ืคื•ืกื™ ืžื›ืฉื•ืจ ื›ื“ื™ ืœืกืคืง ื”ืงืฉืจ ืขืฉื™ืจ ื™ื•ืชืจ ืœื”ื—ืœื˜ื•ืช ืืžื™ื ื•ืช.

ื”ืขืจื›ืช ื›ื™ืกื•ื™ ื˜ืœืžื˜ืจื™ื” ื‘ืžื”ืœืš ืฉื™ื‘ื•ืฉื™ื ืžื‘ื•ืงืจื™ื

ื›ื™ืกื•ื™ ื˜ืœืžื˜ืจื™ื” ืงื•ื‘ืข ื”ืื ื›ืœื™ ื ื™ื˜ื•ืจ ืฆื•ืคื™ื ื‘ื›ืœ ื”ืจื›ื™ื‘ื™ื, ื ืชื™ื‘ื™ ื”ื‘ื™ืฆื•ืข ื•ืžืขื‘ืจื™ ื”ืžืฆื‘ ื”ืžื•ืฉืคืขื™ื ืžื”ืคืจืขื”. ื”ื–ืจืงืช ืชืงืœื•ืช ืžืชืื™ืžื” ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ื™ื™ื—ื•ื“ื™ ืœื”ืขืจื›ืช ื›ื™ืกื•ื™ ื–ื” ืžื›ื™ื•ื•ืŸ ืฉื”ื™ื ืžืฆื™ื’ื” ืกื˜ื™ื•ืช ืžื“ืคื•ืกื™ ื‘ื™ืฆื•ืข ืจื’ื™ืœื™ื. ื›ืืฉืจ ืžืชืจื—ืฉื•ืช ื”ืคืจืขื•ืช, ื›ืœ ืฉื™ืจื•ืช ื”ืžืขื•ืจื‘ ื—ื™ื™ื‘ ืœื™ื™ืฆืจ ืื•ืชื•ืช ื”ืžืฉืงืคื™ื ืืช ืžืฆื‘ ืคืขื™ืœื•ืชื•. ืื ื™ื•ืžื ื™ ื”ืจื™ืฉื•ื ืื™ื ื ืฉืœืžื™ื ืื• ืฉืขืงื‘ื•ืช ืื™ื ื ืžืชืคืฉื˜ื™ื ืขืœ ืคื ื™ ื’ื‘ื•ืœื•ืช ืžื‘ื•ื–ืจื™ื, ืžื”ื ื“ืกื™ื ืขืœื•ืœื™ื ืœืคืจืฉ ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืฉื’ื•ื™ ืืช ืžืงื•ืจ ืื• ื”ื™ืงืฃ ื”ื›ืฉืœ.

ื”ืขืจื›ืช ื”ื›ื™ืกื•ื™ ืžืชื—ื™ืœื” ื‘ื ื™ืชื•ื— ื”ืื ื™ื•ืžื ื™ ื”ืจื™ืฉื•ื ืœื•ื›ื“ื™ื ื›ืœ ืฉืœื‘ ื‘ืจืฆืฃ ื”ื›ืฉืœ ื•ื”ื”ืชืื•ืฉืฉื•ืช. ื‘ืžื”ืœืš ืฉื™ื‘ื•ืฉ ืžื‘ื•ืงืจ, ืžื”ื ื“ืกื™ื ืžืฆืคื™ื ืฉื™ื•ืžื ื™ ื”ืจื™ืฉื•ื ื™ืฉืงืคื• ืžืฆื‘ื™ ืฉื’ื™ืื”, ื ื™ืกื™ื•ื ื•ืช ื—ื•ื–ืจื™ื, ืžืขื‘ืจื™ื ืœืžืฆื‘ ื’ื™ื‘ื•ื™ ื•ืฉื™ื ื•ื™ื™ ืชืœื•ืช. ืื ืื•ืชื•ืช ืืœื” ืื™ื ื ืžื•ืคื™ืขื™ื ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืขืงื‘ื™, ืงื™ื™ืžื™ื ืคืขืจื™ื ื‘ื›ื™ืกื•ื™. ื’ื™ืฉื•ืช ืื ืœื™ื˜ื™ื•ืช ื”ืžืฉืžืฉื•ืช ื‘ื”ืขืจื›ื•ืช ืฉืœ ื•ื™ื–ื•ืืœื™ื–ืฆื™ื” ืžืœืื” ืฉืœ ืงื•ื“ ืœื”ืจืื•ืช ื›ื™ืฆื“ ืชื•ื‘ื ื” ืžื‘ื ื™ืช ืชื•ืžื›ืช ื‘ืงื•ืจืœืฆื™ื” ืฉืœ ืื™ืจื•ืขื™ ื™ื•ืžืŸ ืขื ื–ืจื™ืžืช ื‘ื™ืฆื•ืข. ื ืชื•ื ื™ ื”ื–ืจืงืช ืชืงืœื•ืช ืžื’ืœื™ื ื”ืื ื™ื™ืฉื•ืจื™ื ืฆืคื•ื™ื™ื ืืœื” ืžืชืงื™ื™ืžื™ื ื‘ืคื•ืขืœ ืื• ื”ืื ืžื›ืฉื•ืจ ื ื›ืฉืœ ื‘ืžื”ืœืš ืคืขื•ืœื•ืช ื‘ืžืืžืฅ ื’ื‘ื•ื”.

ื”ืชืคืฉื˜ื•ืช ืขืงื‘ื•ืช ื—ืฉื•ื‘ื” ื‘ืื•ืชื” ืžื™ื“ื”. ืžืขืงื‘ ืžื‘ื•ื–ืจ ื—ื™ื™ื‘ ืœื—ื‘ืจ ืื™ืจื•ืขื™ื ื‘ื™ืŸ ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ื ื’ื ื›ืืฉืจ ื”ืคืจืขื•ืช ืžืฉื ื•ืช ืืช ืชื–ืžื•ืŸ ืื• ื“ืคื•ืกื™ ื”ืชืงืฉื•ืจืช. ื”ื–ืจืงืช ืชืงืœื•ืช ื—ื•ืฉืคืช ืœืขืชื™ื ืงืจื•ื‘ื•ืช ืขื ืคื™ื ืฉืื™ื ื ืจื•ืฉืžื™ื ืืช ืžื–ื”ื™ ื”ืขืงื‘ื•ืช ื‘ืฆื•ืจื” ื ื›ื•ื ื”, ืžื” ืฉืžื•ื‘ื™ืœ ืœื˜ื•ื•ื—ื™ื ืฉื‘ื•ืจื™ื ื•ื’ืจืคื™ื ืฉืœ ื”ืชืคืฉื˜ื•ืช ืœื ืฉืœืžื™ื. ื›ืฉืœื™ื ื‘ืงื•ืจืœืฆื™ื” ืžื’ื‘ื™ืœื™ื ืืช ื ื™ืชื•ื— ื’ื•ืจืžื™ ื”ืฉื•ืจืฉ ื•ืžื—ืœื™ืฉื™ื ืืช ื”ืชื•ืขืœืช ืฉืœ ืื‘ื—ื•ืŸ ืื•ื˜ื•ืžื˜ื™. ื”ืขืจื›ืช ื‘ืขื™ื•ืช ืืœื• ื‘ืžื”ืœืš ื”ืคืจืขื•ืช ืžื‘ื•ืงืจื•ืช ืžื‘ื˜ื™ื—ื” ืฉืฆื™ื ื•ืจื•ืช ื”ืชืฆืคื™ืช ื™ืฉืžืจื• ืขืœ ืืžื™ื ื•ืช ื’ื ื‘ืชื ืื™ื ืœื ืื™ื“ื™ืืœื™ื™ื.

ื’ื ื›ื™ืกื•ื™ ืžื˜ืจื™ ืžืฉื—ืง ืชืคืงื™ื“ ืžืจื›ื–ื™. ืžืขืจื›ื•ืช ืขืฉื•ื™ื•ืช ืœืคืœื•ื˜ ืžื“ื“ื™ ืชืฉืชื™ืช ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืขืงื‘ื™ ืืš ืœื ืœื™ื™ืฆืจ ืื™ื ื“ื™ืงื˜ื•ืจื™ื ื‘ืจืžืช ื”ื™ื™ืฉื•ื ื›ืืฉืจ ื ืชื™ื‘ื™ ื”ื‘ื™ืฆื•ืข ืžืฉืชื ื™ื. ืชืจื—ื™ืฉื™ ื”ื–ืจืงืช ืชืงืœื•ืช ื—ื•ืฉืคื™ื ื”ืื ืœื•ื—ื•ืช ืžื—ื•ื•ื ื™ื ืฉืœ ืžื“ื“ื™ื ืžืฉืงืคื™ื ื‘ืžื“ื•ื™ืง ืžืืคื™ื™ื ื™ ื‘ื™ืฆื•ืขื™ื ืคื’ื•ืžื™ื. ืื ืžื“ื“ื™ื ืžืจื›ื–ื™ื™ื ื ืฉืืจื™ื ืœืœื ืฉื™ื ื•ื™ ื‘ืžื”ืœืš ืชืงืœื”, ืกื‘ื™ืจ ืœื”ื ื™ื— ืฉื”ืžืขืจื›ืช ืžืกืชืžื›ืช ื™ืชืจ ืขืœ ื”ืžื™ื“ื” ืขืœ ืื•ืชื•ืช ื‘ื™ืฆื•ืข ื ื•ืžื™ื ืœื™ื™ื. ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ื‘ืคืขืจื™ื ืืœื” ืžื‘ื˜ื™ื— ืฉื˜ืœืžื˜ืจื™ื” ืชื™ืฉืืจ ืืžื™ื ื” ื›ืืฉืจ ื”ื™ื ื ื—ื•ืฆื” ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ.

ื ื™ืชื•ื— ืื™ื›ื•ืช ืื•ืช ื•ืขืงื‘ื™ื•ืช ืงื•ืจืœืฆื™ื”

ืื™ื›ื•ืช ื”ืื•ืช ืงื•ื‘ืขืช ื”ืื ื˜ืœืžื˜ืจื™ื” ืžื™ื™ืฆื’ืช ื‘ืžื“ื•ื™ืง ืืช ื”ืชื ื”ื’ื•ืช ื”ืžืขืจื›ืช. ืื™ื›ื•ืช ืื•ืช ื ืžื•ื›ื” ื™ื•ืฆืจืช ื ืงื•ื“ื•ืช ืขื™ื•ื•ืจื•ืช ืฉืžืคืจื™ืขื•ืช ืœืื‘ื—ื•ืŸ. ื”ื–ืจืงืช ืชืงืœื•ืช ืžืกืคืงืช ืกื‘ื™ื‘ื” ืžื‘ื•ืงืจืช ืœื”ืขืจื›ืช ืื™ื›ื•ืช ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ื—ืฉื™ืคืช ื”ืฉืืœื” ื”ืื ืื•ืชื•ืช ื”ื ืคืœื˜ื™ื ืžืฉืงืคื™ื ื ื›ื•ืŸ ืžืขื‘ืจื™ื, ืขื™ื›ื•ื‘ื™ื ืื• ืฉื™ื ื•ื™ื™ ืžืฆื‘ ืฉื ื’ืจืžื• ืขืงื‘ ืฉื™ื‘ื•ืฉื™ื. ืื•ืชื•ืช ื‘ืื™ื›ื•ืช ื’ื‘ื•ื”ื” ื›ื•ืœืœื™ื ื”ื•ื“ืขื•ืช ื™ื•ืžืŸ ืžืฉืžืขื•ืชื™ื•ืช, ื—ื•ืชืžื•ืช ื–ืžืŸ ืžื“ื•ื™ืงื•ืช, ื˜ื•ื•ื—ื™ ืžืขืงื‘ ืžืœืื™ื ื•ืžื“ื“ื™ื ื”ืžืชื•ืืžื™ื ืขื ื”ืชื ื”ื’ื•ืช ืขื•ืžืก ื”ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ื”ืืžื™ืชื™.

ืขืงื‘ื™ื•ืช ืงื•ืจืœืฆื™ื” ื—ื™ื•ื ื™ืช ืœืคื™ืจื•ืฉ ืชืจื—ื™ืฉื™ ืชืงืœื•ืช. ืื•ืชื•ืช ื—ื™ื™ื‘ื™ื ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืžืชื•ืืžื™ื ื‘ื™ืŸ ื™ื•ืžื ื™ ืจื™ืฉื•ื, ืžื“ื“ื™ื ื•ืขืงื‘ื•ืช ื›ื“ื™ ืฉืžื”ื ื“ืกื™ื ื™ื•ื›ืœื• ืœื”ื‘ื™ืŸ ื›ื™ืฆื“ ืื™ืจื•ืขื™ื ืžืชืคืฉื˜ื™ื. ืฉื™ื‘ื•ืฉื™ื ืžื‘ื•ืงืจื™ื ื—ื•ืฉืคื™ื ืœืขืชื™ื ืงืจื•ื‘ื•ืช ื—ื•ืกืจ ืขืงื‘ื™ื•ืช ื›ื’ื•ืŸ ื—ื•ืชืžื•ืช ื–ืžืŸ ืœื ืชื•ืืžื•ืช, ื˜ื•ื•ื—ื™ ื–ืžืŸ ืœื ืฉืœืžื™ื ืื• ืื™ืจื•ืขื™ ืจื™ืฉื•ื ืฉืกื•ืชืจื™ื ืžื’ืžื•ืช ืžื“ื“ื™ื•ืช. ืžื—ืงืจื™ื ืื ืœื™ื˜ื™ื™ื ื“ื•ืžื™ื ืœืืœื” ืฉื ืžืฆืื• ื‘ื“ื™ื•ื ื™ื ืขืœ ืžืชืื ื”ืฉืคืขื” ืžื“ื•ืจ ืงื•ื“ื ืœืขื–ื•ืจ ืœื”ืžื—ื™ืฉ ื›ื™ืฆื“ ืงืฉืจื™ ื ืชื•ื ื™ื ืžื•ื‘ื ื™ื ืžืฉืคื™ืขื™ื ืขืœ ื”ืคืจืฉื ื•ืช. ื”ื–ืจืงืช ืชืงืœื•ืช ืžืืฉืจืช ื”ืื ืงืฉืจื™ื ืืœื” ืžืชืงื™ื™ืžื™ื ื‘ืชื ืื™ื ื—ืจื™ื’ื™ื ืื• ื”ืื ืฆื™ื ื•ืจื•ืช ื˜ืœืžื˜ืจื™ื” ืžืขื•ื•ืชื™ื ืืช ืจืฆืฃ ื”ืื™ืจื•ืขื™ื.

ื™ืจื™ื“ื” ื‘ืื™ื›ื•ืช ืžื•ืคื™ืขื” ืœืขื™ืชื™ื ืงืจื•ื‘ื•ืช ืจืง ื›ืืฉืจ ื”ื”ืคืจืขื•ืช ืžืชืขืฆืžื•ืช. ืœื“ื•ื’ืžื”, ืžืื’ืจื™ ื™ื•ืžืŸ ืขืœื•ืœื™ื ืœื’ืœื•ืฉ ืื• ืกืคืจื™ื•ืช ืžืขืงื‘ ืขืœื•ืœื•ืช ืœืื‘ื“ ื˜ื•ื•ื—ื™ื ืชื—ืช ืขื•ืžืก. ื”ื–ืจืงืช ืชืงืœื•ืช ื—ื•ืฉืคืช ื‘ืขื™ื•ืช ืืœื• ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ื“ื—ื™ืคืช ื”ืžืขืจื›ืช ืœืžืฆื‘ื™ ืคืขื•ืœื” ืžืœื—ื™ืฆื™ื. ืœืื—ืจ ืžื›ืŸ, ืžื”ื ื“ืกื™ื ืžืขืจื™ื›ื™ื ื”ืื ื™ืจื™ื“ื” ื‘ืื•ืช ืžืฉืงืคืช ืคื’ืžื™ื ื‘ืกื™ืกื™ื™ื ื‘ืžืขืจื›ืช ืื• ืžื’ื‘ืœื•ืช ืชืฆื•ืจื” ืฉืœ ื ื™ื˜ื•ืจ. ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ื‘ื—ื•ืœืฉื•ืช ืืœื• ืžื‘ื˜ื™ื— ืฉืฆื™ื ื•ืจื•ืช ื”ืชืฆืคื™ืช ื™ืคืขืœื• ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืขืงื‘ื™ ื‘ื›ืœ ื”ืชื ืื™ื.

ืขืงื‘ื™ื•ืช ืงื•ืจืœืฆื™ื” ื—ืฉื•ื‘ื” ื‘ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ ืขื‘ื•ืจ ืžืขืจื›ื•ืช ืื•ื˜ื•ืžื˜ื™ื•ืช ื›ื’ื•ืŸ ื›ืœื™ ื ื™ืชื•ื— ืื™ืจื•ืขื™ื ื•ืจื™ืฆื•ืช SRE. ืื ื”ืื•ืชื•ืช ืื™ื ื ืžืชื•ืืžื™ื, ืชื’ื•ื‘ื•ืช ืื•ื˜ื•ืžื˜ื™ื•ืช ืขืœื•ืœื•ืช ืœื ืงื•ื˜ ื‘ืคืขื•ืœื•ืช ืฉื’ื•ื™ื•ืช ืื• ืžืชืขื›ื‘ื•ืช. ื”ืขืจื›ืช ืงื•ืจืœืฆื™ื” ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ืชืจื—ื™ืฉื™ื ืžื‘ื•ืงืจื™ื ืžื‘ื˜ื™ื—ื” ืฉื”ืื•ื˜ื•ืžืฆื™ื” ืคื•ืขืœืช ืขืœ ื ืชื•ื ื™ื ืืžื™ื ื™ื, ื•ืžืฉืคืจืช ื”ืŸ ืืช ืžื”ื™ืจื•ืช ื”ืื‘ื—ื•ืŸ ื•ื”ืŸ ืืช ืขืžื™ื“ื•ืช ื”ืชืคืงื•ื“.

ื’ื™ืœื•ื™ ื ืงื•ื“ื•ืช ืขื™ื•ื•ืจื•ืช ื‘ืฆื™ื ื•ืจื•ืช ืฆืคื™ื™ื” ืžื‘ื•ื–ืจื™ื

ื ืงื•ื“ื•ืช ืขื™ื•ื•ืจื•ืช ืžืชืจื—ืฉื•ืช ื›ืืฉืจ ืžืขืจื›ื•ืช ื ื™ื˜ื•ืจ ื ื›ืฉืœื•ืช ื‘ืœื›ื™ื“ืช ืื™ืจื•ืขื™ื ื‘ืชื•ืš ื ืชื™ื‘ื™ ื‘ื™ืฆื•ืข, ืชื—ื•ืžื™ื ืื• ืจื›ื™ื‘ื™ื ืกืคืฆื™ืคื™ื™ื. ื ืงื•ื“ื•ืช ืขื™ื•ื•ืจื•ืช ืืœื• ืขืฉื•ื™ื•ืช ืœื”ื™ืฉืืจ ื‘ืœืชื™ ืžื–ื•ื”ื•ืช ื‘ืžื”ืœืš ืคืขื™ืœื•ืช ืจื’ื™ืœื” ืืš ื”ื•ืคื›ื•ืช ื’ืœื•ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืžื”ืœืš ืฉื™ื‘ื•ืฉื™ื ืžื‘ื•ืงืจื™ื. ื ืชื•ื ื™ ื”ื–ืจืงืช ืชืงืœื•ืช ื—ื•ืฉืคื™ื ืื™ืœื• ืื™ื ื˜ืจืืงืฆื™ื•ืช ื—ืกืจื•ืช ื ืจืื•ืช, ื•ืžืกืคืงื™ื ืจืื™ื•ืช ืœืฉื™ืคื•ืจ ื›ื™ืกื•ื™ ื”ืžื›ืฉื•ืจ ื‘ืืจื›ื™ื˜ืงื˜ื•ืจื•ืช ืžื‘ื•ื–ืจื•ืช.

ื ืงื•ื“ื•ืช ืขื™ื•ื•ืจื•ืช ืžืชืขื•ืจืจื•ืช ืœืขื™ืชื™ื ืงืจื•ื‘ื•ืช ื‘ืื™ื ื˜ื’ืจืฆื™ื•ืช ืžื“ื•ืจ ืงื•ื“ื, ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ื ื‘ืขืœื™ ืงื ื” ืžื™ื“ื” ื“ื™ื ืžื™ ื•ื–ืจื™ืžื•ืช ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ื‘ืจืงืข ืฉืื™ื ืŸ ืคื•ืขืœื•ืช ืœืคื™ ื“ืคื•ืกื™ ืชืงืฉื•ืจืช ืกื˜ื ื“ืจื˜ื™ื™ื. ื’ื™ืฉื•ืช ืื ืœื™ื˜ื™ื•ืช ื”ื“ื•ืžื•ืช ืœืืœื• ืฉื ื‘ื“ืงื• ื‘ืกืงื™ืจื•ืช ืฉืœ ืžื™ืคื•ื™ ื–ืจื™ืžืช ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ืฉืœ ื”ืžื•ื“ืจื ื™ื–ืฆื™ื” ืœื”ื“ื’ื™ื ื›ื™ืฆื“ ืืจื›ื™ื˜ืงื˜ื•ืจื•ืช ืžื‘ื•ื–ืจื•ืช ืžืชืคืชื—ื•ืช ื‘ื“ืจื›ื™ื ื”ื™ื•ืฆืจื•ืช ืคืขืจื™ื ื‘ืœืชื™ ื ืจืื™ื ื‘ื ืจืื•ืช. ืชืจื—ื™ืฉื™ ื”ื–ืจืงืช ืชืงืœื•ืช ืฉื“ื•ื—ืคื™ื ืจื›ื™ื‘ื™ื ืืœื” ืœื›ืฉืœ ืื• ืœื”ื™ื“ืจื“ืจื•ืช ื—ื•ืฉืคื™ื ื”ืื ืฆื™ื ื•ืจื•ืช ืฆืคื™ื™ื” ืขื•ืงื‘ื™ื ืื—ืจื™ื”ื ื›ืจืื•ื™.

ืžืขืจื›ื•ืช ืžื‘ื•ื–ืจื•ืช ืกื•ื‘ืœื•ืช ื’ื ืžื‘ืขื™ื•ืช ืฉืœ ืคื™ืœื•ื— ื“ื•ืžื™ื™ื ื™ื. ืชืงืœื” ื‘ืื–ื•ืจ ืื• ืžื—ื™ืฆื” ืื—ืช ืขืฉื•ื™ื” ืฉืœื ืœื™ื™ืฆืจ ื˜ืœืžื˜ืจื™ื” ื‘ืื—ืจื™ื, ื’ื ืื ื”ื”ืฉืคืขื” ืžืฉืชืจืขืช ืขืœ ืคื ื™ ื’ื‘ื•ืœื•ืช. ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ื”ืชื‘ื•ื ื ื•ืช ื‘ื˜ืœืžื˜ืจื™ื” ืขืœ ืคื ื™ ืžืกืคืจ ื“ื•ืžื™ื™ื ื™ื ื‘ืžื”ืœืš ืฉื™ื‘ื•ืฉ ืžื‘ื•ืงืจ, ืžื”ื ื“ืกื™ื ืงื•ื‘ืขื™ื ื”ืื ื”ืชืฆืคื™ืช ืžืกืคืงืช ืชืฆื•ื’ืช ืžืขืจื›ืช ืžืื•ื—ื“ืช ืื• ื”ืื ื”ื ื™ื˜ื•ืจ ื ื•ืชืจ ืžื‘ื•ื“ื“. ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ื‘ื‘ืขื™ื” ื–ื• ืขืฉื•ื™ ืœื“ืจื•ืฉ ื”ืคืฆืช ืขืงื‘ื•ืช ื‘ื™ืŸ-ื“ื•ืžื™ื™ื ื™ื, ืžื–ื”ื™ ืงื•ืจืœืฆื™ื” ืžืฉื•ืชืคื™ื ืื• ืื™ืžื•ืฅ ืขืงื‘ื™ ืฉืœ ืกื›ื™ืžื•ืช ื™ื•ืžืŸ.

ื–ื™ื”ื•ื™ ื ืงื•ื“ื•ืช ืžืชื•ืช ืžื—ื–ืง ื”ืŸ ืืช ื”ื ื™ื˜ื•ืจ ื•ื”ืŸ ืืช ื”ื—ื•ืกืŸ ื”ืื“ืจื™ื›ืœื™. ืœืื—ืจ ื’ื™ืœื•ื™ ืคืขืจื™ื ืืœื”, ื”ื ืžื•ื‘ื™ืœื™ื ืœืขื™ืชื™ื ืงืจื•ื‘ื•ืช ืœืฉื™ืคื•ืจ ื”ืจื™ืฉื•ื, ืฉื™ืคื•ืจ ืชืงื ื™ ื”ืžืขืงื‘ ืื• ืืจื’ื•ืŸ ืžื—ื“ืฉ ืฉืœ ืฆื™ื ื•ืจื•ืช ืื™ืกื•ืฃ ื”ื ืชื•ื ื™ื. ื’ื™ืœื•ื™ ืžื•ืงื“ื ืฉืœ ื ืงื•ื“ื•ืช ืžืชื•ืช ืžื‘ื˜ื™ื— ืฉืื™ืจื•ืขื™ื ืืžื™ืชื™ื™ื ืœื ื™ื—ืฉืคื• ืื–ื•ืจื™ื ืœื ื™ื“ื•ืขื™ื ื‘ืขื‘ืจ ืขื ืจืื•ืช ืžื•ืคื—ืชืช, ืžื” ืฉืžืคื—ื™ืช ืืช ื”ืกื™ื›ื•ืŸ ื”ืชืคืขื•ืœื™ ื•ืžืืคืฉืจ ืื‘ื—ื•ืŸ ืžื”ื™ืจ ื™ื•ืชืจ.

ืฉื™ืžื•ืฉ ื‘ื”ื–ืจืงืช ืชืงืœื•ืช ืœืื™ืžื•ืช ื‘ืงืจื•ืช ื ื™ื”ื•ืœ ืชืฆืคื™ื•ืช

ื ื™ื”ื•ืœ ืžืขืงื‘ (Observability Governance) ืžื‘ื˜ื™ื— ืฉืฉื™ื˜ื•ืช ื ื™ื˜ื•ืจ ืชื•ืืžื•ืช ืœืชืงื ื™ ื”ืืจื’ื•ืŸ, ื“ืจื™ืฉื•ืช ืจื’ื•ืœื˜ื•ืจื™ื•ืช ื•ืฆื™ืคื™ื•ืช ืชืคืขื•ืœื™ื•ืช. ื‘ืงืจื•ืช ื ื™ื”ื•ืœ ืžื’ื“ื™ืจื•ืช ื›ื™ืฆื“ ื ืฉืžืจื™ื ื™ื•ืžื ื™ ืจื™ืฉื•ื, ื›ื™ืฆื“ ืขื•ืชืงื™ื ืžื•ืกืจื™ื, ื›ื™ืฆื“ ืžื“ื“ื™ื ื ืฆื‘ืจื™ื ื•ื›ื™ืฆื“ ื ืชื•ื ื™ื ืชืคืขื•ืœื™ื™ื ืžืฉื•ืชืคื™ื ื‘ื™ืŸ ืฆื•ื•ืชื™ื. ื”ื–ืจืงืช ืชืงืœื•ืช ืชื•ืžื›ืช ื‘ืื™ืžื•ืช ื ื™ื”ื•ืœ ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ื™ืฆื™ืจืช ืชื ืื™ื ืฉื‘ื•ื“ืงื™ื ื”ืื ื‘ืงืจื•ืช ืืœื• ืคื•ืขืœื•ืช ื›ื”ืœื›ื” ื‘ืžื”ืœืš ืื™ืจื•ืขื™ื ื—ืจื™ื’ื™ื.

ื›ืฉืœื™ื ื‘ืžืžืฉืœ ืžื•ืคื™ืขื™ื ืœืขืชื™ื ืงืจื•ื‘ื•ืช ื›ืืฉืจ ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ ืฉื’ื™ืื•ืช ื’ื‘ื•ื”ื™ื ืื• ืžืขื‘ืจื™ ืžืฆื‘ ื—ืจื™ื’ื™ื ื’ื•ืจืžื™ื ืœืฆื™ื ื•ืจื•ืช ื ื™ื˜ื•ืจ ืœื™ื™ืฆืจ ื ืชื•ื ื™ื ืขื•ื“ืคื™ื, ืขืจื›ื™ื ืฉื’ื•ื™ื™ื ืื• ืจืฉื•ืžื•ืช ืœื ืฉืœืžื•ืช. ื”ืขืจื›ื•ืช ื“ื•ืžื•ืช ืœืืœื• ืฉื ืžืฆืื• ื‘ืžื—ืงืจื™ื ืฉืœ ืžื‘ื ื™ ืคื™ืงื•ื— ืžืžืฉืœืชื™ื™ื ืœืกืคืง ืชื•ื‘ื ื•ืช ืœื’ื‘ื™ ื”ืื•ืคืŸ ืฉื‘ื• ืžืžืฉืœ ืžื’ื™ื‘ ืœืชื”ืœื™ื›ื™ ื—ื•ืกืŸ. ื”ื–ืจืงืช ืชืงืœื•ืช ืžืืžืชืช ื”ืื ืžื ื’ื ื•ื ื™ ืžืžืฉืœ ืื•ื›ืคื™ื ื›ืœืœื™ ืฉืžื™ืจื”, ืคืจื˜ื™ื•ืช ื•ืชืื™ืžื•ืช ื›ืืฉืจ ืฉื™ื‘ื•ืฉื™ื ืžืคืขื™ืœื™ื ืœื—ืฅ ืขืœ ื”ืžืขืจื›ืช.

ื ื™ื”ื•ืœ ืชืฆืคื™ื•ืช ื›ื•ืœืœ ื’ื ืกืคื™ื ืœื”ืชืจืขื•ืช, ื–ื™ื”ื•ื™ ืื ื•ืžืœื™ื•ืช ื•ืžืขืจื›ื•ืช ืชื’ื•ื‘ื” ืื•ื˜ื•ืžื˜ื™ื•ืช. ืชืจื—ื™ืฉื™ื ืžื‘ื•ืงืจื™ื ืขื•ื–ืจื™ื ืœืงื‘ื•ืข ื”ืื ื”ืชืจืื•ืช ืžื•ืคืขืœื•ืช ื‘ื–ืžื ื™ื ื”ืžืชืื™ืžื™ื ืื• ื”ืื ื”ืŸ ืžืฆื™ืคื•ืช ืืช ื”ืžื’ื™ื‘ื™ื ื‘ืื•ืชื•ืช ืžื™ื•ืชืจื™ื. ืื ืกืคื™ื ืžื•ืคืขืœื™ื ืžื•ืงื“ื ืžื“ื™, ืฆื•ื•ืชื™ื ืขืœื•ืœื™ื ืœืกื‘ื•ืœ ืžืจืขืฉ ืžื™ื•ืชืจ. ืื ื”ื ืžื•ืคืขืœื™ื ืžืื•ื—ืจ ืžื“ื™, ืื™ืจื•ืขื™ื ืขืœื•ืœื™ื ืœื”ืกืœื™ื. ืžื“ื™ื“ืช ื”ืชื ื”ื’ื•ืช ืกืฃ ืชื—ืช ืฉื™ื‘ื•ืฉื™ื ืžื‘ื•ืงืจื™ื ืชื•ืžื›ืช ื‘ืขื™ื“ื•ืŸ ืžื“ื™ื ื™ื•ืช ื”ืžืžืฉืœ.

ืื™ืžื•ืช ืžืžืฉืœ ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ื”ื–ืจืงืช ืชืงืœื•ืช ืžื‘ื˜ื™ื— ืฉื”ื ืชื•ื ื•ืช ืœืฆืคื™ื™ื” ืชื™ืฉืืจ ืชื•ืืžืช ืœื™ืขื“ื™ ื”ืืจื’ื•ืŸ ื’ื ื›ืืฉืจ ื”ืžืขืจื›ื•ืช ืžืชืคืชื—ื•ืช. ืชื•ื‘ื ื•ืช ืืœื• ืžืืคืฉืจื•ืช ืœืฆื•ื•ืชื™ ื ื™ื˜ื•ืจ ืžืจื›ื–ื™ื™ื, ืœืงืฆื™ื ื™ ืชืื™ืžื•ืช ื•ืœืžื”ื ื“ืกื™ ืืžื™ื ื•ืช ืœืฉืžื•ืจ ืขืœ ืชืžื•ื ื” ืขืงื‘ื™ืช ื•ืืžื™ื ื” ืฉืœ ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ื”ืžืขืจื›ืช ื‘ื›ืœ ืชื ืื™ ื”ืชืคืขื•ืœ.

ืฉื™ืœื•ื‘ ืžื“ื“ื™ ื”ื–ืจืงืช ืชืงืœื•ืช ื‘ื“ื™ื•ื•ื—ื™ ืžืžืฉืœ ื•ืชืื™ืžื•ืช

ืžืกื’ืจื•ืช ืžืžืฉืœ ื•ืชืื™ืžื•ืช ื“ื•ืจืฉื•ืช ืจืื™ื•ืช ื ื™ืชื ื•ืช ืœืื™ืžื•ืช ืœื›ืš ืฉืžืขืจื›ื•ืช ืืจื’ื•ื ื™ื•ืช ื™ื›ื•ืœื•ืช ืœืขืžื•ื“ ื‘ื”ืคืจืขื•ืช ืชืคืขื•ืœื™ื•ืช ืžื‘ืœื™ ืœืคื’ื•ืข ื‘ืื‘ื˜ื—ื”, ื‘ืžื—ื•ื™ื‘ื•ื™ื•ืช ืจื’ื•ืœื˜ื•ืจื™ื•ืช ืื• ื‘ืฆื™ืคื™ื•ืช ื‘ืจืžืช ื”ืฉื™ืจื•ืช. ืžื“ื“ื™ ื”ื–ืจืงืช ืชืงืœื•ืช ืžืฆื™ืขื™ื ืฉื™ื˜ื” ืžื•ื‘ื ื™ืช ืœื™ื™ืฆื•ืจ ืจืื™ื•ืช ืืœื• ืžืฉื•ื ืฉื”ื ื—ื•ืฉืคื™ื ื›ื™ืฆื“ ืžืขืจื›ื•ืช ืžืชื ื”ื’ื•ืช ื‘ืชื ืื™ ืœื—ืฅ ืžื‘ื•ืงืจื™ื. ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ืชื™ืขื•ื“ ืชื–ืžื•ืŸ ื’ื™ืœื•ื™, ืขื•ืฆืžืช ื‘ืœื™ืžื”, ื“ื™ื•ืง ื”ืชืื•ืฉืฉื•ืช ื•ื”ืชื ื”ื’ื•ืช ื”ืชืคืฉื˜ื•ืช, ืืจื’ื•ื ื™ื ืžืคืชื—ื™ื ืื™ื ื“ื™ืงื˜ื•ืจื™ื ืžื“ื™ื“ื™ื ื”ืชื•ืžื›ื™ื ื‘ืขืžื™ื“ื” ื‘ืชืงื ื™ื ืคื ื™ืžื™ื™ื ื•ื‘ืชืงื ื•ืช ื—ื™ืฆื•ื ื™ื•ืช. ืžื“ื“ื™ื ืืœื” ืžืกื™ื™ืขื™ื ืœื‘ืขืœื™ ืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ื‘ืžืžืฉืœ ืœื”ื‘ื˜ื™ื— ืฉื”ื—ืœื˜ื•ืช ืื“ืจื™ื›ืœื™ื•ืช ืชื•ืืžื•ืช ืืช ืกื‘ื™ืœื•ืช ื”ืกื™ื›ื•ืŸ ื”ืชืคืขื•ืœื™ ื•ื›ื™ ื™ืขื“ื™ ื”ื—ื•ืกืŸ ื™ื™ืฉืืจื• ื ื™ืชื ื™ื ืœืžืขืงื‘ ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ื”ืขืจื›ื” ืขืงื‘ื™ืช.

ื“ื™ื•ื•ื—ื™ ืชืื™ืžื•ืช ืžื“ื’ื™ืฉื™ื ื™ื•ืชืจ ื•ื™ื•ืชืจ ืฉืงื™ืคื•ืช ืžืขืจื›ืชื™ืช, ื™ื›ื•ืœืช ื—ื™ื–ื•ื™ ืชืคืขื•ืœื™ืช ื•ื™ื›ื•ืœืช ืœื”ื“ื’ื™ื ื“ืคื•ืกื™ ืชื’ื•ื‘ื” ืžื‘ื•ืงืจื™ื ื‘ืžื”ืœืš ืื™ืจื•ืขื™ื ื—ืจื™ื’ื™ื. ื”ื–ืจืงืช ืชืงืœื•ืช ืžืกืคืงืช ืืช ื”ื ืชื•ื ื™ื ื”ื“ืจื•ืฉื™ื ื›ื“ื™ ืœืืฉืจ ื”ืื ืžืขืจื›ื•ืช ืฉื•ืžืจื•ืช ืขืœ ืกืคื™ ื‘ื™ืฆื•ืขื™ื ื ื“ืจืฉื™ื, ื”ืื ื ื”ืœื™ ื’ื™ื‘ื•ื™ ืคื•ืขืœื™ื ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืขืงื‘ื™, ื•ื”ืื ื ื™ื˜ื•ืจ ืฆื™ื ื•ืจื•ืช ืžืกืคืง ื ืจืื•ืช ืžื“ื•ื™ืงืช ื‘ืžื”ืœืš ืฉื™ื‘ื•ืฉื™ื. ืืกื˜ืจื˜ื’ื™ื•ืช ืื ืœื™ื˜ื™ื•ืช ื›ืžื• ืืœื• ืฉื ื“ื•ื ื• ื‘ื”ืขืจื›ื•ืช ืฉืœ ื™ื™ืฉื•ืจ SOX ื•-DORA ืœื”ืžื—ื™ืฉ ื›ื™ืฆื“ ืชื•ื‘ื ื•ืช ืžืขืจื›ืช ืžืคื•ืจื˜ื•ืช ืชื•ืžื›ื•ืช ื‘ืขืžื™ื“ื” ื‘ืจื’ื•ืœืฆื™ื”. ืฉื™ืœื•ื‘ ืžื“ื“ื™ ื”ื–ืจืงืช ืชืงืœื•ืช ื‘ื–ืจื™ืžื•ืช ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ืฉืœ ืžืžืฉืœ ืžื‘ื˜ื™ื— ืฉืžืกื’ืจื•ืช ื“ื™ื•ื•ื— ืœื ืžืกืชืžื›ื•ืช ืืš ื•ืจืง ืขืœ ื”ื ื—ื•ืช ืืœื ืขืœ ืจืื™ื•ืช ื›ืžื•ืชื™ื•ืช ืฉื”ื•ืคืงื• ื‘ืชื ืื™ ื”ืคืขืœื” ืžืฆื™ืื•ืชื™ื™ื.

ืฉื™ืžื•ืฉ ื‘ื ืชื•ื ื™ ื”ื–ืจืงืช ืชืงืœื•ืช ืœืชืžื™ื›ื” ื‘ื“ืจื™ืฉื•ืช ืจืื™ื•ืช ืจื’ื•ืœื˜ื•ืจื™ื•ืช

ืกื˜ื ื“ืจื˜ื™ื ืจื’ื•ืœื˜ื•ืจื™ื™ื ื›ื’ื•ืŸ SOX, DORA, PCI DSS ื•ืื—ืจื™ื ื“ื•ืจืฉื™ื ืžืืจื’ื•ื ื™ื ืœื”ืคื’ื™ืŸ ื—ื•ืกืŸ ืชืคืขื•ืœื™, ื”ืชื ื”ื’ื•ืช ืžืขืจื›ืช ืขืงื‘ื™ืช ืชื—ืช ืœื—ืฅ ื•ืชื•ืฆืื•ืช ื”ืชืื•ืฉืฉื•ืช ืฆืคื•ื™ื•ืช. ืžื“ื“ื™ ื”ื–ืจืงืช ืชืงืœื•ืช ืžืกืคืงื™ื ืืช ื ืงื•ื“ื•ืช ื”ื ืชื•ื ื™ื ื”ื“ืจื•ืฉื•ืช ืœื”ื“ื’ืžื•ืช ืืœื•. ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ืœื›ื™ื“ืช ื”ืื•ืคืŸ ืฉื‘ื• ืžืขืจื›ื•ืช ืžื–ื”ื•ืช, ืžื‘ืœืžื•ืช ื•ืžืชืื•ืฉืฉื•ืช ืžื”ืคืจืขื•ืช ืžื‘ื•ืงืจื•ืช, ืืจื’ื•ื ื™ื ื‘ื•ื ื™ื ืชื™ืขื•ื“ ื”ืชื•ืื ืืช ื”ืฆื™ืคื™ื•ืช ื”ืจื’ื•ืœื˜ื•ืจื™ื•ืช ืœืืžื™ื ื•ืช, ืื‘ื˜ื—ื” ื•ื”ืžืฉื›ื™ื•ืช ืชืคืขื•ืœื™ืช.

ืจื’ื•ืœื˜ื•ืจื™ื ืžืฆืคื™ื ื™ื•ืชืจ ื•ื™ื•ืชืจ ืœืจืื™ื•ืช ืœื›ืš ืฉืžืขืจื›ื•ืช ื™ื›ื•ืœื•ืช ืœืขืžื•ื“ ื”ืŸ ื‘ืคื ื™ ื›ืฉืœื™ื ืคื ื™ืžื™ื™ื ื•ื”ืŸ ื‘ืคื ื™ ืื™ืจื•ืขื™ื ื—ื™ืฆื•ื ื™ื™ื ื”ืžืขืจืขืจื™ื ืืช ื”ื™ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืช. ืจืื™ื•ืช ืืœื• ื—ื™ื™ื‘ื•ืช ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื ื™ืชื ื•ืช ืœื›ื™ืžื•ืช ื•ืœืฉื—ื–ื•ืจ. ืฉื™ื‘ื•ืฉื™ื ืžื•ื‘ื ื™ื ืžืืคืฉืจื™ื ืœืฆื•ื•ืชื™ื ืœืœื›ื•ื“ ืื™ื ื“ื™ืงื˜ื•ืจื™ื ืžื“ื™ื“ื™ื ื”ืžืฉืงืคื™ื ื›ื™ืฆื“ ืื™ืจื•ืขื™ื ืืžื™ืชื™ื™ื ื”ื™ื• ืžืชืคืชื—ื™ื. ื’ื™ืฉื•ืช ื”ืžื‘ื•ืกืกื•ืช ืขืœ ืžื—ืงืจื™ื ืฉืœ ืžื•ื“ืจื ื™ื–ืฆื™ื” ืฉืœ ืžืขืจื›ื•ืช ืงืจื™ื˜ื™ื•ืช ืœืกื™ื™ืข ื‘ื”ื‘ื ืช ื”ื”ืงืฉืจ ืฉืœ ื”ืื•ืคืŸ ืฉื‘ื• ืชืœื•ืช ืืจื›ื™ื˜ืงื˜ื•ื ื™ืช ืขืžื•ืงื” ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžืฉืคื™ืขื” ืขืœ ืกื™ื›ื•ื ื™ื ืจื’ื•ืœื˜ื•ืจื™ื™ื. ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ืฉื™ืœื•ื‘ ืชืฆืคื™ื•ืช ืืœื• ืขื ืžื“ื“ื™ ื”ื–ืจืงืช ืชืงืœื•ืช, ืืจื’ื•ื ื™ื ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœื™ืฆื•ืจ ื—ื‘ื™ืœื•ืช ื“ื™ื•ื•ื— ืžื•ื›ื ื•ืช ืœื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช ื”ืžื‘ื•ืกืกื•ืช ืขืœ ื”ืชื ื”ื’ื•ืช ืชืคืขื•ืœื™ืช ืืžื™ืชื™ืช ื•ืœื ืขืœ ืืžืฆืขื™ ื”ื’ื ื” ืชื™ืื•ืจื˜ื™ื™ื.

ื ืชื•ื ื™ ื”ื–ืจืงืช ืชืงืœื•ืช ืžื—ื–ืงื™ื ื’ื ื”ื’ืฉื•ืช ืจื’ื•ืœื˜ื•ืจื™ื•ืช ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ืžืชืŸ ืจืื™ื•ืช ืืžืคื™ืจื™ื•ืช ืœื™ืขื“ื™ ื–ืžืŸ ื”ืชืื•ืฉืฉื•ืช, ื’ื‘ื•ืœื•ืช ื‘ื™ื“ื•ื“, ืฉืœืžื•ืช ืขืกืงืื•ืช ื•ืขืžื™ื“ื•ืช ืชืœื•ืช. ืื™ื ื“ื™ืงื˜ื•ืจื™ื ืืœื” ืชื•ืืžื™ื ื™ืฉื™ืจื•ืช ืœืžื ื“ื˜ื™ ืชืื™ืžื•ืช ื”ื“ื•ืจืฉื™ื ื™ื›ื•ืœื•ืช ื—ื•ืกืŸ ื ื™ืชื ื•ืช ืœืื™ืžื•ืช. ืฉื™ืœื•ื‘ ืžื“ื“ื™ื ืืœื” ื‘ืžืกืœื•ืœื™ ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช ืžื‘ื˜ื™ื— ืฉื”ื“ื™ื•ื•ื— ื™ื™ืฉืืจ ืžื‘ื•ืกืก ืขืœ ืชืจื—ื™ืฉื™ ื‘ื“ื™ืงื” ืื•ื‘ื™ื™ืงื˜ื™ื‘ื™ื™ื ื•ื ื™ืชื ื™ื ืœื—ื–ืจื” ื•ืœื ืขืœ ื”ืขืจื›ื•ืช ืกื•ื‘ื™ื™ืงื˜ื™ื‘ื™ื•ืช ืื• ื ืชื•ื ื™ื ืชืคืขื•ืœื™ื™ื ืœื ืžืœืื™ื.

ืฉื™ืคื•ืจ ืคื™ืงื•ื— ืขืœ ื”ืžืžืฉืœ ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ืžื“ื“ื™ ื—ื•ืกืŸ ืžื“ื™ื“ื™ื

ื’ื•ืคื™ ืคื™ืงื•ื— ืขืœ ืžืžืฉืœ ื“ื•ืจืฉื™ื ืื™ื ื“ื™ืงื˜ื•ืจื™ื ื‘ืจื•ืจื™ื ื•ืขืงื‘ื™ื™ื ื”ืžืฉืงืคื™ื ืืช ืžืฆื‘ ื”ื—ื•ืกืŸ ื”ื ื•ื›ื—ื™ ืฉืœ ืžืขืจื›ื•ืช ืงืจื™ื˜ื™ื•ืช. ืžื“ื“ื™ ื”ื–ืจืงืช ืชืงืœื•ืช ืžืืคืฉืจื™ื ืœื’ื•ืคื™ื ืืœื” ืœื”ืฉื•ื•ืช ื‘ื™ืฆื•ืขื™ื ืœืื•ืจืš ื–ืžืŸ, ื‘ื™ืŸ ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ื ื•ื‘ื™ืŸ ืฉื™ื ื•ื™ื™ื ืื“ืจื™ื›ืœื™ื™ื. ืžื›ื™ื•ื•ืŸ ืฉืชืจื—ื™ืฉื™ ืชืงืœื•ืช ื ื™ืชื ื™ื ืœื—ื–ืจื”, ืืจื’ื•ื ื™ื ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœืžื“ื•ื“ ืฉื™ืคื•ืจื™ื ืื• ืจื’ืจืกื™ื•ืช ื‘ื—ื•ืกืŸ ืœืื—ืจ ืžืืžืฆื™ ืžื•ื“ืจื ื™ื–ืฆื™ื”, ืขื“ื›ื•ื ื™ ืชืฆื•ืจื” ืื• ืฉื™ื ื•ื™ื™ ืชืœื•ืช.

ืื™ื ื“ื™ืงื˜ื•ืจื™ื ืืœื” ื”ื•ืคื›ื™ื ื‘ืขืœื™ ืขืจืš ืจื‘ ื‘ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ ื›ืืฉืจ ืžืขืจื›ื•ืช ืžื“ื•ืจ ืงื•ื“ื ืžืงื™ื™ืžื•ืช ืื™ื ื˜ืจืืงืฆื™ื” ืขื ืืจื›ื™ื˜ืงื˜ื•ืจื•ืช ืžื‘ื•ื–ืจื•ืช ืžื•ื“ืจื ื™ื•ืช. ื”ื‘ื“ืœื™ื ื‘ืžื•ื“ืœื™ ื‘ื™ืฆื•ืข, ื“ืคื•ืกื™ ืชืงืฉื•ืจืช ื•ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ื‘ืžืฆื‘ื™ื ืขืฉื•ื™ื™ื ืœื™ืฆื•ืจ ืกื™ื›ื•ื ื™ ืžืžืฉืœ ืฉืงืฉื” ืœื›ืžืช ืœืœื ืฉื™ื‘ื•ืฉื™ื ืžื•ื‘ื ื™ื. ืžื—ืงืจื™ื ื›ืžื• ืืœื” ืฉื‘ื—ื ื• ื™ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืช ืชืคืขื•ืœื™ืช ื”ื™ื‘ืจื™ื“ื™ืช ืœื”ื“ื’ื™ื ื›ื™ืฆื“ ืฉื™ื ื•ื™ื™ื ืžื•ื“ืจื ื™ื™ื ื“ื•ืจืฉื™ื ืืกื˜ืจื˜ื’ื™ื•ืช ืžืžืฉืœ ื—ื“ืฉื•ืช. ืžื“ื“ื™ ื”ื–ืจืงืช ืชืงืœื•ืช ืžื’ืœื™ื ื”ืื ื‘ืงืจื•ืช ื”ืžืžืฉืœ ืžืกืชื’ืœื•ืช ื‘ื™ืขื™ืœื•ืช ืœืฉื™ื ื•ื™ื™ื ืืœื” ืื• ื”ืื ืคื™ืงื•ื— ื“ื•ืจืฉ ื›ื™ื•ืœ ืžื—ื“ืฉ.

ืžื“ื“ื™ ื—ื•ืกืŸ ื›ืžื•ืชื™ื™ื ืžืฉืคืจื™ื ืืช ืงื‘ืœืช ื”ื”ื—ืœื˜ื•ืช ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ืžืชืŸ ื ืชื•ื ื™ื ืงื•ื ืงืจื˜ื™ื™ื ืœืžื ื”ื™ื’ื™ ื”ืžืžืฉืœ. ืžื“ื“ื™ื ืืœื” ืชื•ืžื›ื™ื ื‘ื ื™ืงื•ื“ ืกื™ื›ื•ื ื™ื, ืงื‘ื™ืขืช ืกื“ืจื™ ืขื“ื™ืคื•ื™ื•ืช ืœื”ืฉืงืขื•ืช ื•ืชื›ื ื•ืŸ ืžืคืช ื“ืจื›ื™ื. ื›ืืฉืจ ื’ื•ืคื™ ืžืžืฉืœ ืฆื•ืคื™ื ื‘ื‘ื™ืฆื•ืขื™ ื‘ืœื™ืžื” ืขืงื‘ื™ื™ื, ื–ืžื ื™ ื”ืชืื•ืฉืฉื•ืช ืžื”ื™ืจื™ื ื™ื•ืชืจ ื•ื”ืชื ื”ื’ื•ืช ื’ื™ื‘ื•ื™ ืฆืคื•ื™ื” ื‘ืชืจื—ื™ืฉื™ ืชืงืœื•ืช, ื”ื ืฆื•ื‘ืจื™ื ื‘ื™ื˜ื—ื•ืŸ ื‘ื™ื›ื•ืœืช ื”ืžืขืจื›ืช ืœืขืžื•ื“ ื‘ืคื ื™ ืฉื™ื‘ื•ืฉื™ื ืชืคืขื•ืœื™ื™ื.

ืฉื™ืคื•ืจ ืžื•ื›ื ื•ืช ืœื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ื‘ื“ื™ืงื•ืช ื—ื•ืกืŸ ืžื•ื‘ื ื•ืช

ืžื•ื›ื ื•ืช ืœื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช ื“ื•ืจืฉืช ืชื™ืขื•ื“, ื—ื–ืจืชื™ื•ืช ื•ืชื™ืงื•ืฃ ืขืงื‘ื™ ืฉืœ ื‘ืงืจื•ืช ื—ื•ืกืŸ. ื”ื–ืจืงืช ืชืงืœื•ืช ืžืกืคืงืช ืืช ื”ืžืกื’ืจืช ื”ืžื•ื‘ื ื™ืช ื”ื“ืจื•ืฉื” ืœื”ืคืงืช ืชื™ืขื•ื“ ื–ื”. ืžื›ื™ื•ื•ืŸ ืฉืชืจื—ื™ืฉื™ื ื”ื ื“ื˜ืจืžื™ื ื™ืกื˜ื™ื™ื, ืืจื’ื•ื ื™ื ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœื‘ืฆืข ืืช ืื•ืชืŸ ื‘ื“ื™ืงื•ืช ืœืื•ืจืš ื–ืžืŸ ื•ื‘ืกื‘ื™ื‘ื•ืช ืฉื•ื ื•ืช ืชื•ืš ืžื“ื™ื“ืช ืกื˜ื™ื•ืช ื‘ื”ืชื ื”ื’ื•ืช ื”ืžืขืจื›ืช. ื—ื–ืจืชื™ื•ืช ื–ื• ืขื•ืžื“ืช ื‘ื“ืจื™ืฉื•ืช ื”ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช ื”ืžื—ื™ื™ื‘ื•ืช ืื™ืžื•ืช ืื•ื‘ื™ื™ืงื˜ื™ื‘ื™ ื•ืœื ื”ืขืจื›ื” ืกื•ื‘ื™ื™ืงื˜ื™ื‘ื™ืช.

ืžื“ื“ื™ ื”ื–ืจืงืช ืชืงืœื•ืช ืžื“ื’ื™ืฉื™ื ืคืขืจื™ื ืชืคืขื•ืœื™ื™ื ืฉื™ืฉ ืœื˜ืคืœ ื‘ื”ื ืœืคื ื™ ืชื—ื™ืœืช ืžื—ื–ื•ืจื™ ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช. ืืœื” ืขืฉื•ื™ื™ื ืœื›ืœื•ืœ ืชื–ืžื•ืŸ ื’ื™ืœื•ื™ ืœื ืขืงื‘ื™, ื˜ืœืžื˜ืจื™ื” ืœื ืฉืœืžื”, ื”ืชื ื”ื’ื•ืช ื’ื™ืœื•ื™ ื—ืœืฉื” ืื• ื’ื‘ื•ืœื•ืช ื‘ื™ื“ื•ื“ ืœื ืžืกืคืงื™ื. ื˜ื›ื ื™ืงื•ืช ื“ื•ืžื•ืช ืœืืœื• ื”ืžืชื•ืืจื•ืช ื‘ืžื—ืงืจื™ื ืฉืœ ื”ืฉืคืขื” ืขืœ ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ื‘ื—ืจื™ื’ื™ื ืžืžื—ื™ืฉ ื›ื™ืฆื“ ื‘ืขื™ื•ืช ืœื•ื’ื™ื•ืช ืขืžื•ืงื•ืช ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžืฉืคื™ืขื•ืช ืขืœ ืื ื•ืžืœื™ื•ืช ืชืคืขื•ืœื™ื•ืช. ื”ื–ืจืงืช ืชืงืœื•ืช ืžื’ืœื” ื”ืื ืื ื•ืžืœื™ื•ืช ืืœื• ื ืฉืืจื•ืช ื‘ืžืกื’ืจืช ืกื‘ื™ืœื•ืช ืžืงื•ื‘ืœืช ื‘ืžื”ืœืš ืชื ืื™ ืœื—ืฅ ืื• ืฉืžื ื ื“ืจืฉ ืชื™ืงื•ืŸ ืœืคื ื™ ื”ืขืจื›ืช ืชืื™ืžื•ืช.

ื‘ื“ื™ืงื•ืช ื—ื•ืกืŸ ืžื•ื‘ื ื•ืช ืžืกื™ื™ืขื•ืช ื’ื ื‘ื”ืคืงืช ืชื™ืขื•ื“ ืฉืžื‘ืงืจื™ื ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœืขื™ื™ืŸ ื‘ื• ื™ืฉื™ืจื•ืช. ื”ื“ื•ื—ื•ืช ื›ื•ืœืœื™ื ืชื™ืื•ืจื™ ืชืจื—ื™ืฉื™ื, ืชื•ืฆืื•ืช ื ืžื“ื“ื•ืช, ืกื˜ื™ื•ืช ืžื”ื”ืชื ื”ื’ื•ืช ื”ืฆืคื•ื™ื” ื•ืคืขื•ืœื•ืช ืชื™ืงื•ืŸ. ืจืื™ื•ืช ืืœื• ืขื•ืžื“ื•ืช ื‘ืฆื™ืคื™ื•ืช ื”ืจื’ื•ืœื˜ื•ืจื™ื•ืช ืœืื™ืžื•ืช ื—ื•ืกืŸ ืชืคืขื•ืœื™. ื”ืŸ ื’ื ืžื‘ื˜ื™ื—ื•ืช ืฉืืจื’ื•ื ื™ื ื™ืฉืžืจื• ืขืœ ืชื”ืœื™ืš ืขืงื‘ื™ ืœื”ื“ื’ืžืช ื™ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืช ืœืื•ืจืš ืžื—ื–ื•ืจื™ ืžื•ื“ืจื ื™ื–ืฆื™ื” ื•ืชื™ืงื•ื ื™ื ืืจื›ื™ื˜ืงื˜ื•ื ื™ื™ื.

ืฉื™ืžื•ืฉ ื‘ืžื“ื“ื™ ื—ื•ืกืŸ ืœื—ื™ื–ื•ืง ืชื”ืœื™ื›ื™ ื ื™ื”ื•ืœ ืกื™ื›ื•ื ื™ื

ืžืกื’ืจื•ืช ืœื ื™ื”ื•ืœ ืกื™ื›ื•ื ื™ื ืชืœื•ื™ื•ืช ื‘ื–ื™ื”ื•ื™ ืžื“ื•ื™ืง ืฉืœ ืชืจื—ื™ืฉื™ ื›ืฉืœ ื‘ืขืœื™ ื”ืฉืคืขื” ื’ื‘ื•ื”ื”, ืคื’ื™ืขื•ื™ื•ืช ืชืœื•ืช ื•ื—ื•ืœืฉื•ืช ืชืคืขื•ืœื™ื•ืช. ืžื“ื“ื™ ื”ื–ืจืงืช ืชืงืœื•ืช ืชื•ืืžื™ื ืงืฉืจ ื”ื“ื•ืง ืœืฆืจื›ื™ื ืืœื” ืžืฉื•ื ืฉื”ื ื—ื•ืฉืคื™ื ื‘ื“ื™ื•ืง ื›ื™ืฆื“ ืžืชืคืชื—ื™ื ื›ืฉืœื™ื, ืขื“ ื›ืžื” ื”ื ืžืชืคืฉื˜ื™ื, ื•ื‘ืื™ื–ื• ื™ืขื™ืœื•ืช ื”ืžืขืจื›ืช ืžืชืื•ืฉืฉืช. ืฆื•ื•ืชื™ ื ื™ื”ื•ืœ ืกื™ื›ื•ื ื™ื ืžืกืชืžื›ื™ื ืขืœ ืชื•ื‘ื ื•ืช ืืœื” ื›ื“ื™ ืœืกื•ื•ื’ ืื™ื•ืžื™ื, ืœื”ืขืจื™ืš ืืช ืกื‘ื™ืจื•ืชื ื•ืœืงื‘ื•ืข ืืช ื”ืฉืคืขืชื ื”ืขืกืงื™ืช ื”ืคื•ื˜ื ืฆื™ืืœื™ืช.

ื”ื–ืจืงืช ืชืงืœื•ืช ื—ื•ืฉืคืช ืกื™ื›ื•ื ื™ื ืฉื‘ื“ื™ืงื•ืช ืงื•ื ื‘ื ืฆื™ื•ื ืœื™ื•ืช ืื™ื ืŸ ื™ื›ื•ืœื•ืช ืœืœื›ื•ื“, ื›ื•ืœืœ ืคื’ืžื™ ืชื–ืžื•ืŸ ืกืžื•ื™ื™ื, ืชืœื•ืช ื ืกืชืจื•ืช ื•ื”ืชื ื”ื’ื•ืช ื’ื™ื‘ื•ื™ ืœื ืฉืœืžื”. ืชื•ื‘ื ื•ืช ืืœื• ืžืฉืคื™ืขื•ืช ืขืœ ื”ืขืจื›ืช ืกื™ื›ื•ื ื™ื ื”ืžืฉืœื‘ืช ื ืงื•ื“ื•ืช ืžื‘ื˜ ื˜ื›ื ื™ื•ืช ื•ืชืคืขื•ืœื™ื•ืช ื›ืื—ื“. ืืกื˜ืจื˜ื’ื™ื•ืช ืื ืœื™ื˜ื™ื•ืช ื“ื•ืžื•ืช ืœืืœื• ื”ืžื•ืฆื’ื•ืช ื‘ื‘ื—ื™ื ืช ืื™ื ื“ื™ืงื˜ื•ืจื™ื ืœืจื™ื— ืงื•ื“ ืœืกื™ื™ืข ื‘ื–ื™ื”ื•ื™ ืคื’ื™ืขื•ื™ื•ืช ืืจื•ื›ื•ืช ื˜ื•ื•ื— ืฉืขืœื•ืœื•ืช ืœื”ืชืคืชื— ืœืื™ืจื•ืขื™ื ืžืฉืžืขื•ืชื™ื™ื. ื ืชื•ื ื™ ื”ื–ืจืงืช ืชืงืœื•ืช ืžืืžืชื™ื ืื™ืœื• ืžื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืคื’ื™ืขื•ื™ื•ืช ื”ืœืœื• ื“ื•ืจืฉื•ืช ืขื“ื™ืคื•ืช.

ืฆื•ื•ืชื™ ื ื™ื”ื•ืœ ืกื™ื›ื•ื ื™ื ืžืฉืœื‘ื™ื ืžื“ื“ื™ ื—ื•ืกืŸ ื‘ืžืกื’ืจื•ืช ืืจื’ื•ื ื™ื•ืช ืจื—ื‘ื•ืช ื™ื•ืชืจ ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ืงื™ืฉื•ืจ ืฆื™ื•ื ื™ ืกื™ื›ื•ืŸ ืชืคืขื•ืœื™ ืขื ื”ืชื ื”ื’ื•ืช ืžืขืจื›ืชื™ืช ื ืžื“ื“ืช. ืžื“ื“ื™ื ื›ื’ื•ืŸ ืืžื™ื ื•ืช ื‘ืœื™ืžื”, ืชื–ืžื•ืŸ ื”ืชืื•ืฉืฉื•ืช ื•ื“ื™ื•ืง ื’ื™ื‘ื•ื™ ืžืกื™ื™ืขื™ื ืœื›ืžืช ืืช ื—ื•ืžืจืช ื”ืื™ืจื•ืขื™ื ื”ืคื•ื˜ื ืฆื™ืืœื™ื™ื. ื–ื” ืชื•ืžืš ื‘ื”ื—ืœื˜ื•ืช ื”ืฉืงืขื”, ืชื™ืงื•ืŸ ืื“ืจื™ื›ืœื™ ื•ืคืขื™ืœื•ื™ื•ืช ืžื•ื“ืจื ื™ื–ืฆื™ื” ืžืžื•ืงื“ื•ืช ื”ืžืชืžืงื“ื•ืช ื‘ื”ืคื—ืชืช ืกื™ื›ื•ืŸ ืžืขืจื›ืชื™.

ื‘ื ื™ื™ืช ืฆื™ื ื•ืจื•ืช ื—ื•ืกืŸ ืจืฆื™ืฃ ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ืชืจื—ื™ืฉื™ ืชืงืœื•ืช ืื•ื˜ื•ืžื˜ื™ื™ื

ืฆื™ื ื•ืจื•ืช ื—ื•ืกืŸ ืจืฆื™ืคื™ื (Continuous Resilience Pipelines) ืžืจื—ื™ื‘ื™ื ืืช ืขืงืจื•ื ื•ืช ื”ื‘ื“ื™ืงื•ืช ื”ืื•ื˜ื•ืžื˜ื™ื•ืช ืœืชื—ื•ื ืื™ืžื•ืช ื›ืฉืœื™ื ืชืคืขื•ืœื™ื™ื. ืืจื›ื™ื˜ืงื˜ื•ืจื•ืช ืžื•ื“ืจื ื™ื•ืช ืžืชืคืชื—ื•ืช ื‘ืžื”ื™ืจื•ืช ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ืคืจื™ืกื•ืช ืชื›ื•ืคื•ืช, ืงื ื” ืžื™ื“ื” ืฉืœ ืชืฉืชื™ื•ืช ื•ืขื™ื‘ื•ื“ ืžื—ื“ืฉ ืฉืœ ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ื. ื”ื–ืจืงืช ืชืงืœื•ืช ื™ื“ื ื™ืช ืื™ื ื” ื™ื›ื•ืœื” ืœืขืžื•ื“ ื‘ืงืฆื‘ ื”ืฉื™ื ื•ื™ื™ื ื”ืœืœื•. ืชืจื—ื™ืฉื™ ืชืงืœื•ืช ืื•ื˜ื•ืžื˜ื™ื™ื ืžืืคืฉืจื™ื ืœืืจื’ื•ื ื™ื ืœื”ืขืจื™ืš ื—ื•ืกืŸ ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืจืฆื™ืฃ ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ืฉื™ืœื•ื‘ ื‘ื“ื™ืงื•ืช ืฉื™ื‘ื•ืฉื™ื ื™ืฉื™ืจื•ืช ื‘ื–ืจื™ืžื•ืช ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ืฉืœ ืคืจื™ืกื”, ืคืขื•ืœื•ืช ืžืชื•ื–ืžื ื•ืช ื•ืกื‘ื™ื‘ื•ืช ืื™ืžื•ืช ืžืชืžืฉื›ื•ืช ื“ืžื•ื™ื•ืช ื™ื™ืฆื•ืจ. ืฆื™ื ื•ืจื•ืช ืืœื” ืžืกืคืงื™ื ืจืื™ื•ืช ืฉื™ื˜ืชื™ื•ืช ืœืื•ืคืŸ ืฉื‘ื• ืžืืคื™ื™ื ื™ ื—ื•ืกืŸ ืžืฉืชื ื™ื ื›ื›ืœ ืฉื”ืžืขืจื›ืช ืžืชืคืชื—ืช, ืžื” ืฉื”ื•ืคืš ืืช ืื™ืžื•ืช ื”ื—ื•ืกืŸ ืœืคืจืงื˜ื™ืงื” ื”ื ื“ืกื™ืช ืฉื’ืจืชื™ืช ื•ืœื ืœืคืขื™ืœื•ืช ืชื’ื•ื‘ืชื™ืช.

ืืจื’ื•ื ื™ื ืžืฉืชืžืฉื™ื ื‘ืฆื™ื ื•ืจื•ืช ื—ื•ืกืŸ ืจืฆื™ืคื™ื ื›ื“ื™ ืœื–ื”ื•ืช ืจื’ืจืกื™ื•ืช ื‘ืชื–ืžื•ืŸ ื’ื™ืœื•ื™ ืชืงืœื•ืช, ื—ื•ื–ืง ื‘ืœื™ืžื” ื•ื“ืคื•ืกื™ ื”ืชืื•ืฉืฉื•ืช. ืžื›ื™ื•ื•ืŸ ืฉืชืจื—ื™ืฉื™ื ืื•ื˜ื•ืžื˜ื™ื™ื ืžื‘ื•ืฆืขื™ื ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืฆืคื•ื™, ืžื”ื ื“ืกื™ื ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœื”ืฉื•ื•ืช ืชื•ืฆืื•ืช ืœืื•ืจืš ื™ืžื™ื, ืฉื‘ื•ืขื•ืช ืื• ืžื—ื–ื•ืจื™ ืฉื—ืจื•ืจ. ื”ืฉื•ื•ืื•ืช ืืœื• ืžื’ืœื•ืช ื”ืื ืฉื™ืคื•ืจื™ ื”ื—ื•ืกืŸ ื ืžืฉื›ื™ื ืื• ืžืชื“ืจื“ืจื™ื ืœืื•ืจืš ื–ืžืŸ. ื ืงื•ื“ื•ืช ืžื‘ื˜ ืื ืœื™ื˜ื™ื•ืช ื“ื•ืžื•ืช ืœืืœื• ืฉื ืžืฆืื• ื‘ืžื—ืงืจื™ื ืฉืœ ืืกื˜ืจื˜ื’ื™ื•ืช CI ื•ืžื•ื“ืจื ื™ื–ืฆื™ื” ืœื”ื“ื’ื™ื ื›ื™ืฆื“ ืื•ื˜ื•ืžืฆื™ื” ืžื•ื‘ื ื™ืช ืชื•ืžื›ืช ื‘ืฉื™ืคื•ืจ ืื™ื˜ืจื˜ื™ื‘ื™ ืฉืœ ืžืขืจื›ื•ืช ืงืจื™ื˜ื™ื•ืช. ืชืจื—ื™ืฉื™ ืชืงืœื•ืช ืื•ื˜ื•ืžื˜ื™ื™ื ืžื‘ื˜ื™ื—ื™ื ืื™ืžื•ืช ืจืฆื™ืฃ ืฉืœ ื—ื•ืกืŸ ื›ืืฉืจ ืฆื•ื•ืชื™ื ืžืชืื™ืžื™ื ืงื•ื“, ืžืขื“ื›ื ื™ื ืชืœื•ื™ื•ืช ืื• ืžืฉื ื™ื ืชืฉืชื™ืช.

ืฉื™ืœื•ื‘ ืชืจื—ื™ืฉื™ ืชืงืœื•ืช ื‘ืฆื ืจืช CI ื•ืชืฉืชื™ื•ืช

ืฉื™ืœื•ื‘ ืชืจื—ื™ืฉื™ ืชืงืœื•ืช ื™ืฉื™ืจื•ืช ืœืชื•ืš ืฆื™ื ื•ืจื•ืช CI ืžืกืคืง ื–ื™ื”ื•ื™ ืžื•ืงื“ื ืฉืœ ื‘ืขื™ื•ืช ื—ื•ืกืŸ ืœืคื ื™ ืฉื”ืงื•ื“ ืžื’ื™ืข ืœื™ื™ืฆื•ืจ. ืฉื™ืœื•ื‘ ื–ื” ืžื‘ื˜ื™ื— ืฉืื™ืžื•ืช ื—ื•ืกืŸ ืžืชื‘ืฆืข ื‘ืชื ืื™ื ืขืงื‘ื™ื™ื, ืžื” ืฉืžืงืœ ืขืœ ื–ื™ื”ื•ื™ ืžืชื™ ืชื›ื•ื ื” ื—ื“ืฉื”, ืฉื™ื ื•ื™ ืชืฆื•ืจื” ืื• ืขื“ื›ื•ืŸ ืชืœื•ืช ืžืฆื™ื’ื™ื ื—ื•ืœืฉื”. ื‘ื™ืฆื•ืข ืจืฆื™ืฃ ืชื•ืžืš ื’ื ื‘ืชื™ืงื•ืŸ ืžื”ื™ืจ ื™ื•ืชืจ, ืฉื›ืŸ ืžื”ื ื“ืกื™ื ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœืงืฉืจ ืื ื•ืžืœื™ื•ืช ืฉื ืฆืคื• ืขื ืฉื™ื ื•ื™ื™ ืงื•ื“ ืื—ืจื•ื ื™ื.

ืกื‘ื™ื‘ื•ืช CI ืžืชืžืงื“ื•ืช ืœืขื™ืชื™ื ืงืจื•ื‘ื•ืช ื‘ืžื™ื“ื” ืจื‘ื” ื‘ืื™ืžื•ืช ืคื•ื ืงืฆื™ื•ื ืœื™, ืืš ืื™ืžื•ืช ื—ื•ืกืŸ ื“ื•ืจืฉ ืžื•ืจื›ื‘ื•ืช ื ื•ืกืคืช. ืชืจื—ื™ืฉื™ ืชืงืœื•ืช ืขืฉื•ื™ื™ื ืœื“ืžื•ืช ืขื™ื›ื•ื‘ื™ื ื‘ืชืœื•ืช, ื›ืฉืœื™ื ื—ืœืงื™ื™ื ืื• ื–ืจื™ืžื•ืช ื ืชื•ื ื™ื ืคื’ื•ืžื•ืช. ืกื™ืžื•ืœืฆื™ื•ืช ืืœื• ื—ื•ืฉืคื•ืช ืขื“ ื›ืžื” ืžื ื’ื ื•ื ื™ ื–ื™ื”ื•ื™, ื’ื™ื‘ื•ื™ ื•ืฉื—ื–ื•ืจ ืคื•ืขืœื™ื ื‘ื™ืขื™ืœื•ืช ื‘ืชื ืื™ื ื‘ืœืชื™ ืฆืคื•ื™ื™ื. ื˜ื›ื ื™ืงื•ืช ื“ื•ืžื•ืช ืœืืœื• ื”ืžืชื•ืืจื•ืช ื‘ื ื™ืชื•ื— ืฉืœ ืฉื—ื–ื•ืจ ืคืขื•ืœื•ืช ืืฆื•ื•ื” ืœืขื–ื•ืจ ืœื”ืžื—ื™ืฉ ื›ื™ืฆื“ ื–ืจื™ืžื•ืช ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ืชืคืขื•ืœื™ื•ืช ืžืงื™ื™ืžื•ืช ืื™ื ื˜ืจืืงืฆื™ื” ืขื ื”ืชื ื”ื’ื•ืช ืชืœื•ืช. ืฉื™ืœื•ื‘ ืชื•ื‘ื ื•ืช ืืœื• ื‘ืชืจื—ื™ืฉื™ื ืื•ื˜ื•ืžื˜ื™ื™ื ืžื‘ื˜ื™ื— ืฉืื™ืžื•ืช ื—ื•ืกืŸ ื™ื”ื™ื” ืชื•ืื ืœื“ืคื•ืกื™ื ื”ืืจื›ื™ื˜ืงื˜ื•ื ื™ื™ื ื‘ืคื•ืขืœ.

ืฆื™ื ื•ืจื•ืช ืชืฉืชื™ืช ื ื”ื ื™ื ื’ื ื”ื ืžืื™ืžื•ืช ืชืงืœื•ืช ืžืฉื•ืœื‘. ืชืฉืชื™ืช ื›ืฆื•ืจื•ืช ืงื•ื“, ืžื“ื™ื ื™ื•ืช ืงื ื” ืžื™ื“ื” ืื•ื˜ื•ืžื˜ื™ ื•ื”ืชื ื”ื’ื•ื™ื•ืช ืฉืœ ืจืฉืช ืฉื™ืจื•ืช ืžืฉืคื™ืขื•ืช ืขืœ ื”ืื•ืคืŸ ืฉื‘ื• ืžืขืจื›ื•ืช ืžื’ื™ื‘ื•ืช ืœืฉื™ื‘ื•ืฉื™ื. ืชืจื—ื™ืฉื™ ืชืงืœื•ืช ืžืืžืชื™ื ื”ืื ืชืฆื•ืจื•ืช ืืœื• ืžืชื ื”ื’ื•ืช ื›ื”ืœื›ื” ืชื—ืช ืœื—ืฅ. ืœื“ื•ื’ืžื”, ืงื‘ื•ืฆื•ืช ืงื ื” ืžื™ื“ื” ืื•ื˜ื•ืžื˜ื™ ืขืฉื•ื™ื•ืช ืœื”ื’ื™ื‘ ืœืื˜ ืžื“ื™ ืœืฉื™ื‘ื•ืฉื™ื ืื• ืœื’ืจื•ื ืœืงื ื” ืžื™ื“ื” ืžื—ื“ืฉ ืžื•ื’ื–ื ื‘ืžื”ืœืš ืชืงืœื•ืช ื—ื•ืœืคื•ืช. ืื™ืžื•ืช ืื•ื˜ื•ืžื˜ื™ ื—ื•ืฉืฃ ืชื ืื™ื ืืœื” ืžื•ืงื“ื ื•ืžื‘ื˜ื™ื— ืฉื”ื—ื•ืกืŸ ืื™ื ื• ืชืœื•ื™ ื‘ืชืฆืคื™ืช ื™ื“ื ื™ืช.

ืœืื—ืจ ืฉื™ืœื•ื‘ื, ืžืขืจื›ื•ืช CI ื•ืฆื™ื ื•ืจื•ืช ืชืฉืชื™ืช ืฆืจื™ื›ื™ื ืœื‘ืฆืข ืชืจื—ื™ืฉื™ ืชืงืœื•ืช ื‘ืžืจื•ื•ื—ื™ ื–ืžืŸ ืงื‘ื•ืขื™ื. ืคืขื•ืœื•ืช ื™ื•ืžื™ื•ืช ืื• ืœืคื™ ืคืขื•ืœื•ืช commit ื—ื•ืฉืคื•ืช ืจื’ืจืกื™ื•ืช ื‘ืžื”ื™ืจื•ืช, ืžื” ืฉืžืืคืฉืจ ืœืฆื•ื•ืชื™ื ืœื˜ืคืœ ื‘ื‘ืขื™ื•ืช ืœืคื ื™ ืฉื”ืŸ ืžืฉืคื™ืขื•ืช ืขืœ ื”ื™ื™ืฆื•ืจ. ืื™ืžื•ืช ืชืงืœื•ืช ืื•ื˜ื•ืžื˜ื™ ื”ื•ืคืš ืœืžืขืงื” ื‘ื˜ื™ื—ื•ืช ืžืชืžืฉืš ืฉืฉื•ืžืจ ืขืœ ืื™ื›ื•ืช ื”ื—ื•ืกืŸ ืœืื•ืจืš ืชื”ืœื™ื›ื™ ื”ืคื™ืชื•ื— ื•ื”ืชืคืขื•ืœ.

ืื•ื˜ื•ืžืฆื™ื” ืฉืœ ื“ืคื•ืกื™ ืชืงืœื•ืช ืจื‘-ืฉืœื‘ื™ื™ื ื‘ืžืขืจื›ื•ืช ืžื‘ื•ื–ืจื•ืช

ืืจื›ื™ื˜ืงื˜ื•ืจื•ืช ืžื‘ื•ื–ืจื•ืช ื“ื•ืจืฉื•ืช ืชืจื—ื™ืฉื™ ืชืงืœื•ืช ืžืจื•ื‘ื™ ืฉืœื‘ื™ื ื›ื“ื™ ืœืืžืช ื—ื•ืกืŸ ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ื™ืกื•ื“ื™. ื›ืฉืœื™ื ื‘ื ืงื•ื“ื” ืื—ืช ืžื™ื™ืฆื’ื™ื ืœืขื™ืชื™ื ืจื—ื•ืงื•ืช ืฉื™ื‘ื•ืฉื™ื ืชืคืขื•ืœื™ื™ื ื‘ืขื•ืœื ื”ืืžื™ืชื™. ื‘ืžืงื•ื ื–ืืช, ื›ืฉืœื™ื ืœืจื•ื‘ ืžืชืคืฉื˜ื™ื ืื• ืžืชืขืจื‘ื™ื ืขืœ ืคื ื™ ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ื ืžืจื•ื‘ื™ื, ืžืื’ืจื™ ืžืฉืื‘ื™ื ืื• ื ืชื™ื‘ื™ ืชืงืฉื•ืจืช. ืฆื™ื ื•ืจื•ืช ืื•ื˜ื•ืžื˜ื™ื™ื ืชื•ืžื›ื™ื ื‘ืชืจื—ื™ืฉื™ื ืžืจื•ื‘ื™ ืฉืœื‘ื™ื ื”ืžืขืจื™ื›ื™ื ื›ื™ืฆื“ ืžืขืจื›ื•ืช ืžืชื ื”ื’ื•ืช ื›ืืฉืจ ืจื›ื™ื‘ื™ื ืžืจื•ื‘ื™ื ืžืชืคืจืงื™ื ื‘ื• ื–ืžื ื™ืช ืื• ื‘ืจืฆืฃ.

ืชืจื—ื™ืฉื™ื ืžืจื•ื‘ื™ ืฉืœื‘ื™ื ืขืฉื•ื™ื™ื ืœื“ืžื•ืช ื™ืจื™ื“ื” ื—ืœืงื™ืช ื‘ืžืขืœื” ื”ื–ืจื ื•ืœืื—ืจื™ื” ืงืคื™ืฆื•ืช ื”ืฉื”ื™ื™ื” ื‘ืžื•ืจื“ ื”ื–ืจื. ื”ื ืขืฉื•ื™ื™ื ืœื”ื›ื ื™ืก ื—ื•ืกืจ ื™ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืช ืœืกื™ืจื•ื’ื™ืŸ ื‘ืจืฉืช ื•ืœืื—ืจื™ื” ืกื ื›ืจื•ืŸ ืžืฆื‘ื™ื ืžื•ืฉื”ื”. ื“ืคื•ืกื™ื ืืœื” ื—ื•ืฉืคื™ื ื”ืื ื’ื‘ื•ืœื•ืช ื”ื‘ื™ื“ื•ื“ ืžืชืงื™ื™ืžื™ื ื‘ืชื ืื™ื ืžื•ืจื›ื‘ื™ื ื•ื”ืื ืœื•ื’ื™ืงืช ื’ื™ื‘ื•ื™ ื ื•ืชืจืช ืฆืคื•ื™ื”. ื ื™ืชื•ื—ื™ื ื“ื•ืžื™ื ืœืืœื” ื”ืžื•ืฆื’ื™ื ื‘ืžื—ืงืจื™ื ืฉืœ ืืกื˜ืจื˜ื’ื™ื•ืช ืฉื™ืœื•ื‘ ืขื ืŸ ืœื”ื“ื’ื™ืฉ ื›ื™ืฆื“ ืืจื›ื™ื˜ืงื˜ื•ืจื•ืช ืžื‘ื•ื–ืจื•ืช ืชืœื•ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืชื™ืื•ื ื“ื™ื ืžื™ ืฉืœ ืื™ืจื•ืขื™ื ื•ืชืœื•ืช. ืชืจื—ื™ืฉื™ื ืื•ื˜ื•ืžื˜ื™ื™ื ืžืจื•ื‘ื™ ืฉืœื‘ื™ื ืžืกืคืงื™ื ืืช ื”ืฉื™ื˜ื” ื”ื™ื—ื™ื“ื” ื”ื ื™ืชื ืช ืœื”ืจื—ื‘ื” ืœื”ืขืจื›ืช ืื™ื ื˜ืจืืงืฆื™ื•ืช ืืœื• ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืขืงื‘ื™.

ืื•ื˜ื•ืžืฆื™ื” ืžื‘ื˜ื™ื—ื” ื’ื ืฉื‘ื“ื™ืงื•ืช ืจื‘-ืฉืœื‘ื™ื•ืช ื™ืคืขืœื• ื‘ืชื–ืžื•ืŸ ื•ืžื•ืจื›ื‘ื•ืช ืขืงื‘ื™ื™ื. ื’ื™ืฉื•ืช ื™ื“ื ื™ื•ืช ืžืชืงืฉื•ืช ืœืขื™ืชื™ื ืงืจื•ื‘ื•ืช ืœืฉื—ื–ืจ ืืช ื”ืชื ืื™ื ื”ืžื“ื•ื™ืงื™ื ื”ื ื“ืจืฉื™ื ืœื”ืฉื•ื•ืื” ืืžื™ื ื”. ืžืกื’ืจื•ืช ืื•ื˜ื•ืžื˜ื™ื•ืช ืžืชื–ืžืจื•ืช ื˜ืจื™ื’ืจื™ื ืžื‘ื•ื–ืจื™ื, ืžืชืื™ืžื•ืช ื’ื‘ื•ืœื•ืช ืชื–ืžื•ืŸ ื•ืžืชืืžื•ืช ืื™ื ื˜ืจืืงืฆื™ื•ืช ืฉื™ืจื•ืช. ื“ื™ื•ืง ื–ื” ืžืกืคืง ื ืชื•ื ื™ื ื‘ืื™ื›ื•ืช ื’ื‘ื•ื”ื” ืœื”ืฉื•ื•ืืช ื”ืชื ื”ื’ื•ืช ื—ื•ืกืŸ ื‘ื™ืŸ ืกื‘ื™ื‘ื•ืช ื•ืžื—ื–ื•ืจื™ ืฉื—ืจื•ืจ.

ื›ื›ืœ ืฉืžืขืจื›ื•ืช ื”ื•ืคื›ื•ืช ืžื•ืจื›ื‘ื•ืช ื™ื•ืชืจ, ื“ืคื•ืกื™ ืชืงืœื•ืช ืื•ื˜ื•ืžื˜ื™ื™ื ืจื‘-ืฉืœื‘ื™ื™ื ื”ื•ืคื›ื™ื ื—ื™ื•ื ื™ื™ื. ื”ื ืžืืžืชื™ื ื”ืื ืฉื™ื ื•ื™ื™ื ืืจื›ื™ื˜ืงื˜ื•ื ื™ื™ื, ืฉื™ืœื•ื‘ื™ ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ื ื—ื“ืฉื™ื ืื• ืžืืžืฆื™ ืžื•ื“ืจื ื™ื–ืฆื™ื” ืžืฆื™ื’ื™ื ืฆื™ืžื•ื“ ืกืžื•ื™ ืฉืžื•ืคื™ืข ืจืง ื‘ืชื ืื™ ืœื—ืฅ ืจื‘-ืฉืœื‘ื™ื™ื. ื‘ื™ืฆื•ืข ืจืฆื™ืฃ ืžื‘ื˜ื™ื— ืฉื›ืœ ืคื’ื™ืขื” ื‘ื—ื•ืกืŸ ืชืชื’ืœื” ืžื•ืงื“ื, ืžื” ืฉืžืืคืฉืจ ืชื™ืงื•ืŸ ืžื”ื™ืจ ื•ืžื ื™ืขืช ื›ืฉืœื™ื ืžืขืจื›ืชื™ื™ื.

ืฉื™ืžื•ืฉ ื‘ื ืชื•ื ื™ ืชืงืœื•ืช ืื•ื˜ื•ืžื˜ื™ื™ื ืœื’ื™ืœื•ื™ ืจื’ืจืกื™ื” ืื“ืจื™ื›ืœื™ืช

ืชืจื—ื™ืฉื™ ืชืงืœื•ืช ืื•ื˜ื•ืžื˜ื™ื™ื ืžื™ื™ืฆืจื™ื ืžื“ื“ื™ื ืขืงื‘ื™ื™ื ื”ืžืืคืฉืจื™ื ืœืืจื’ื•ื ื™ื ืœื–ื”ื•ืช ืจื’ืจืกื™ื•ืช ืื“ืจื™ื›ืœื™ื•ืช, ื”ืžืชืจื—ืฉื•ืช ื›ืืฉืจ ืฉื™ื ื•ื™ื™ื ื‘ืžืขืจื›ืช ืคื•ื’ืขื™ื ื‘ื—ื•ืกืŸ. ื–ื™ื”ื•ื™ ืจื’ืจืกื™ื•ืช ื“ื•ืจืฉ ื”ืฉื•ื•ืื” ืžื“ื•ื™ืงืช ืฉืœ ื‘ืกื™ืก, ืฉืื•ื˜ื•ืžืฆื™ื” ืžืกืคืงืช ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ื—ื–ืจืชื™ื•ืช. ื›ืืฉืจ ืชืจื—ื™ืฉื™ ืชืงืœื•ืช ืคื•ืขืœื™ื ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืขืงื‘ื™, ืกื˜ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืืžื™ื ื•ืช ื”ื‘ืœื™ืžื”, ืชื–ืžื•ืŸ ื”ื”ืชืื•ืฉืฉื•ืช, ื“ื™ื•ืง ื”ื’ื™ื‘ื•ื™ ืื• ื”ืชื ื”ื’ื•ืช ื”ื”ืชืคืฉื˜ื•ืช ื”ื•ืคื›ื•ืช ืœื ืจืื•ืช ืœืขื™ืŸ.

ืจื’ืจืกื™ื•ืช ืืจื›ื™ื˜ืงื˜ื•ื ื™ื•ืช ืžืชืขื•ืจืจื•ืช ืœืขื™ืชื™ื ืงืจื•ื‘ื•ืช ื›ืืฉืจ ืฆื•ื•ืชื™ื ืžืฆื™ื’ื™ื ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ื ื—ื“ืฉื™ื, ืžืฉื ื™ื ื–ืจื™ืžื•ืช ื ืชื•ื ื™ื ืื• ืžืชืื™ืžื™ื ืืช ื”ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ื‘ืžืงื‘ื™ืœื™ื•ืช. ืฉื™ื ื•ื™ื™ื ืืœื” ืขืœื•ืœื™ื, ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืœื ืžื›ื•ื•ืŸ, ืœื”ื—ืœื™ืฉ ืืช ื’ื‘ื•ืœื•ืช ื”ื‘ื™ื“ื•ื“ ืื• ืœืฉื ื•ืช ืืช ืชื–ืžื•ืŸ ื”ื‘ื™ืฆื•ืข ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืฉืžืคืขื™ืœ ืคื’ืžื™ื ื ืกืชืจื™ื. ื’ื™ืฉื•ืช ืื ืœื™ื˜ื™ื•ืช ื“ื•ืžื•ืช ืœืืœื• ืฉื ืžืฆืื•ืช ื‘ื”ืขืจื›ื•ืช ืฉืœ ื–ื™ื”ื•ื™ ื ืชื™ื‘ื™ ืงื•ื“ ืžื•ืกืชืจื™ื ืžืกืคืงื™ื ื”ืงืฉืจ ืœื”ื‘ื ืช ื”ืื•ืคืŸ ืฉื‘ื• ืจื’ืจืกื™ื•ืช ืืœื• ืžืชืจื—ืฉื•ืช. ืฆื™ื ื•ืจื•ืช ืื•ื˜ื•ืžื˜ื™ื™ื ืžื“ื’ื™ืฉื™ื ืืช ื”ืจื’ืจืกื™ื•ืช ื”ืœืœื• ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ื”ืฉื•ื•ืืช ืžื“ื“ื™ื ื—ื“ืฉื™ื ืœื ืชื•ื ื™ื ื”ื™ืกื˜ื•ืจื™ื™ื, ื•ื—ื•ืฉืคื™ื ื”ื™ื›ืŸ ื”ื—ื•ืกืŸ ื”ืชื“ืจื“ืจ.

ื–ื™ื”ื•ื™ ืจื’ืจืกื™ื” ื’ื ืžื—ื–ืง ืืช ืžืืžืฆื™ ื”ืžื•ื“ืจื ื™ื–ืฆื™ื”. ื›ืืฉืจ ืจื›ื™ื‘ื™ื ืžื“ื•ืจ ืงื•ื“ื ืขื•ื‘ืจื™ื ืขื™ื‘ื•ื“ ืžื—ื“ืฉ ืื• ื”ื—ืœืคื”, ืื™ืžื•ืช ืชืงืœื•ืช ืื•ื˜ื•ืžื˜ื™ ืžื‘ื˜ื™ื— ืฉื”ื—ื•ืกืŸ ืœื ื™ื•ืจื“ ื‘ืžื”ืœืš ื”ืžืขื‘ืจ. ืื•ื˜ื•ืžืฆื™ื” ืžืืžืชืช ื”ืื ืจื›ื™ื‘ื™ื ื—ื“ืฉื™ื ืžืฉืชืœื‘ื™ื ื‘ืฆื•ืจื” ื ืงื™ื™ื” ืขื ืžืขืจื›ื•ืช ืงื™ื™ืžื•ืช ื•ื”ืื ืฉืœื‘ื™ ื”ืžื•ื“ืจื ื™ื–ืฆื™ื” ืฉื•ืžืจื™ื ืื• ืžืฉืคืจื™ื ืืช ืžืืคื™ื™ื ื™ ื”ื—ื•ืกืŸ. ื ืชื•ื ื™ ืจื’ืจืกื™ื” ืžื ื—ื™ื ืฆื•ื•ืชื™ื ื‘ื”ืชืืžืช ืืกื˜ืจื˜ื’ื™ื•ืช ื”ืžื•ื“ืจื ื™ื–ืฆื™ื” ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ื‘ื˜ื™ื— ืฉื”ืื‘ื•ืœื•ืฆื™ื” ื”ืืจื›ื™ื˜ืงื˜ื•ื ื™ืช ืชื•ื‘ื™ืœ ืœืฉื™ืคื•ืจื™ื ืžื“ื™ื“ื™ื ื‘ื—ื•ืกืŸ.

ืืจื’ื•ื ื™ื ื”ืžืกืชืžื›ื™ื ืขืœ ื–ื™ื”ื•ื™ ืจื’ืจืกื™ื” ืื“ืจื™ื›ืœื™ืช ืฉื•ืžืจื™ื ืขืœ ืขืงื‘ื™ื•ืช ื’ื‘ื•ื”ื” ื™ื•ืชืจ ืฉืœ ื—ื•ืกืŸ ืœืื•ืจืš ืžื—ื–ื•ืจื™ ืคื™ืชื•ื—. ื ืชื•ื ื™ ืชืงืœื•ืช ืื•ื˜ื•ืžื˜ื™ื™ื ืžืกืคืงื™ื ืืช ื”ื‘ืกื™ืก ื”ืืžืคื™ืจื™ ืœื”ืขืจื›ืช ืื™ืœื• ื”ื—ืœื˜ื•ืช ืื“ืจื™ื›ืœื™ื•ืช ืžื—ื–ืงื•ืช ืืช ื”ืžืขืจื›ืช ื•ืื™ืœื• ื“ื•ืจืฉื•ืช ื—ื™ื“ื•ื“ ื ื•ืกืฃ.

ื”ื’ื“ืœืช ื‘ื™ืฆื•ืข ืชืงืœื•ืช ืื•ื˜ื•ืžื˜ื™ ืขื‘ื•ืจ ืกื‘ื™ื‘ื•ืช ืืจื’ื•ื ื™ื•ืช ื’ื“ื•ืœื•ืช

ืžืขืจื›ื•ืช ืืจื’ื•ื ื™ื•ืช ื’ื“ื•ืœื•ืช ื“ื•ืจืฉื•ืช ื‘ื™ืฆื•ืข ืชืงืœื•ืช ื‘ืงื ื” ืžื™ื“ื” ื”ืขื•ืœื” ืขืœ ื™ื›ื•ืœื•ืช ื”ื‘ื“ื™ืงื” ื”ื™ื“ื ื™ื•ืช. ืฆื™ื ื•ืจื•ืช ืื•ื˜ื•ืžื˜ื™ื™ื ืžืกืคืงื™ื ืืช ื™ื›ื•ืœืช ื”ื”ืจื—ื‘ื” ื”ื ื“ืจืฉืช ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ืžืชืŸ ืืคืฉืจื•ืช ืœืชืจื—ื™ืฉื™ ืชืงืœื•ืช ืœืคืขื•ืœ ืขืœ ืคื ื™ ืืฉื›ื•ืœื•ืช ืžื‘ื•ื–ืจื™ื, ืคืจื™ืกื•ืช ืžืจื•ื‘ื•ืช ืื–ื•ืจื™ื ื•ืกื‘ื™ื‘ื•ืช ืขื ืŸ ื”ื™ื‘ืจื™ื“ื™ื•ืช. ืงื ื” ืžื™ื“ื” ืฉืœ ื‘ื™ืฆื•ืข ืื•ื˜ื•ืžื˜ื™ ืžื‘ื˜ื™ื— ืฉืื™ืžื•ืช ื—ื•ืกืŸ ืžืฉืงืฃ ืืช ืžืœื•ื ื”ื™ืงืฃ ื”ืชืคืขื•ืœ ืฉืœ ื”ืžืขืจื›ืช.

ืงื ื” ืžื™ื“ื” ื“ื•ืจืฉ ืชื–ืžื•ืจ ืžืชื•ื—ื›ื ืฉืžื ื”ืœ ื”ืงืฆืืช ืžืฉืื‘ื™ื, ื‘ื™ืฆื•ืข ืชืงืœื•ืช ืžืงื‘ื™ืœ ื•ืกื ื›ืจื•ืŸ ืชื–ืžื•ืŸ. ืคืจื™ืกื•ืช ืžืจื•ื‘ื•ืช ืื–ื•ืจื™ื ื—ื™ื™ื‘ื•ืช ืœืืžืช ืืช ื”ืื•ืคืŸ ืฉื‘ื• ื›ืฉืœื™ื ืžืชืคืฉื˜ื™ื ืขืœ ืคื ื™ ื’ื‘ื•ืœื•ืช ื’ื™ืื•ื’ืจืคื™ื™ื, ื ืชื™ื‘ื™ ืจืฉืช ื•ืืจื›ื™ื˜ืงื˜ื•ืจื•ืช ื ืชื•ื ื™ื ืžืฉื•ื›ืคืœื•ืช. ื’ื™ืฉื•ืช ื“ื•ืžื•ืช ืœืืœื• ื”ืžืชื•ืืจื•ืช ื‘ื ื™ืชื•ื—ื™ื ืฉืœ ืžืกืœื•ืœื™ ืื™ื ื˜ื’ืจืฆื™ื” ืืจื’ื•ื ื™ืช ืœืขื–ื•ืจ ืœื”ืžื—ื™ืฉ ื›ื™ืฆื“ ืžืขืจื›ื•ืช ื’ื“ื•ืœื•ืช ืฉื•ืžืจื•ืช ืขืœ ืงื•ื”ืจื ื˜ื™ื•ืช ืžืขื‘ืจ ืœื’ื‘ื•ืœื•ืช. ืฆื™ื ื•ืจื•ืช ืื•ื˜ื•ืžื˜ื™ื™ื ืžืฉื›ืคืœื™ื ืืช ื”ืื™ื ื˜ืจืืงืฆื™ื•ืช ื”ืœืœื• ื‘ืงื ื” ืžื™ื“ื” ื’ื“ื•ืœ ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืขืจื™ืš ื—ื•ืกืŸ ื‘ืชื ืื™ื ืžืฆื™ืื•ืชื™ื™ื.

ืงื ื” ืžื™ื“ื” ืžืืคืฉืจ ื’ื ื”ืขืจื›ื” ืฉืœ ืชืจื—ื™ืฉื™ ืชืงืœื•ืช ืืจื•ื›ื™ ื˜ื•ื•ื—. ืฉื™ื‘ื•ืฉื™ื ื—ื•ืœืคื™ื ืื•ืœื™ ืœื ื™ื—ืฉืคื• ืคื’ืžื™ ื—ื•ืกืŸ ืขืžื•ืงื™ื, ืืš ื™ืจื™ื“ื” ืžืžื•ืฉื›ืช ื—ื•ืฉืคืช ืœืขืชื™ื ืงืจื•ื‘ื•ืช ืกื—ื™ืคื” ื‘ืชื–ืžื•ืŸ, ืกื˜ื™ื™ื” ื‘ืžืฆื‘ ืื• ืชืฉื™ืฉื•ืช ืชืœื•ืช. ืฆื™ื ื•ืจื•ืช ืื•ื˜ื•ืžื˜ื™ื™ื ืžื‘ืฆืขื™ื ื‘ื“ื™ืงื•ืช ืืจื•ื›ื•ืช ื˜ื•ื•ื— ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืขืงื‘ื™, ื•ืžื‘ื˜ื™ื—ื™ื ืฉื”ืขืจื›ืช ื—ื•ืกืŸ ื›ื•ืœืœืช ื”ืชื ื”ื’ื•ืช ื‘ืžืฆื‘ ืžื•ืจื—ื‘.

ืื•ื˜ื•ืžืฆื™ื” ื‘ืงื ื” ืžื™ื“ื” ืืจื’ื•ื ื™ ืชื•ืžื›ืช ื’ื ื‘ืžืžืฉืœ ื•ื‘ื™ื™ืฉื•ืจ ืชืคืขื•ืœื™. ืชื•ืฆืื•ืช ืชืงืœื•ืช ื”ื•ืคื›ื•ืช ืœื—ืœืง ืžื“ื™ื•ื•ื— ืงื‘ื•ืข, ืžื” ืฉืžืืคืฉืจ ืœืฆื•ื•ืชื™ ื”ื ื“ืกืช ืืžื™ื ื•ืช, ืชืื™ืžื•ืช ื•ืื“ืจื™ื›ืœื•ืช ืœื—ืœื•ืง ืชืžื•ื ื” ืžืื•ื—ื“ืช ืฉืœ ืžืฆื‘ ื”ื—ื•ืกืŸ. ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ื”ืจื—ื‘ืช ื‘ื™ืฆื•ืข ืื•ื˜ื•ืžื˜ื™, ืืจื’ื•ื ื™ื ืฉื•ืžืจื™ื ืขืœ ื”ื‘ื˜ื—ืช ื—ื•ืกืŸ ื’ื ื›ืืฉืจ ื”ืžืขืจื›ื•ืช ืฉืœื”ื ืžืชืจื—ื‘ื•ืช ื‘ืžื•ืจื›ื‘ื•ืช ื•ื‘ื˜ื•ื•ื— ื”ืชืคืขื•ืœื™.

ืชืจื•ืžืชื” ืฉืœ Smart TS XL ืœื ื™ืชื•ื— ื•ืชื™ืงื•ืฃ ื”ืฉืคืขื” ื”ืžืชืžืงื“ื™ื ื‘ื—ื•ืกืŸ

Smart TS XL ืžืกืคืง ืœืฆื•ื•ืชื™ื ืืจื’ื•ื ื™ื™ื ื™ื›ื•ืœืช ืžืื•ื—ื“ืช ืœื ื™ืชื•ื—, ืžื™ืคื•ื™ ื•ืื™ืžื•ืช ื”ืื•ืคืŸ ืฉื‘ื• ืฉื™ื‘ื•ืฉื™ื ืžืฉืคื™ืขื™ื ืขืœ ืžืขืจื›ื•ืช ื’ื“ื•ืœื•ืช ื•ืžืงื•ืฉืจื•ืช. ื›ื›ืœ ืฉืืจื’ื•ื ื™ื ืžืืžืฆื™ื ื”ื–ืจืงืช ืชืงืœื•ืช ื›ื“ื™ ืœืžื“ื•ื“ ื—ื•ืกืŸ, ื”ื ื–ืงื•ืงื™ื ืœื›ืœื™ื ื”ืžื™ื™ืฆืจื™ื ื’ืจืคื™ ืชืœื•ืช ืžื“ื•ื™ืงื™ื, ืžื“ื’ื™ืฉื™ื ื ืชื™ื‘ื™ ื‘ื™ืฆื•ืข ื ืกืชืจื™ื ื•ื—ื•ืฉืคื™ื ืืช ืชื ืื™ ื”ืชืคืขื•ืœ ืฉื‘ื”ื ื›ืฉืœื™ื ืžืชืคืฉื˜ื™ื. Smart TS XL ืชื•ืžืš ื‘ืฆืจื›ื™ื ืืœื” ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ื”ืฆืขืช ื ืจืื•ืช ืขืœ ืคื ื™ ืจื›ื™ื‘ื™ื ืžื“ื•ืจ ืงื•ื“ื, ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ื ืžื‘ื•ื–ืจื™ื ื•ืฉื›ื‘ื•ืช ืžื•ื“ืจื ื™ื–ืฆื™ื”. ื ืจืื•ืช ื–ื• ืžื—ื–ืงืช ืืช ืื™ืžื•ืช ื”ื—ื•ืกืŸ ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ื”ื‘ื˜ื—ื” ืฉืชืจื—ื™ืฉื™ ื”ื–ืจืงืช ืชืงืœื•ืช ืชื•ืืžื™ื ืœื”ืชื ื”ื’ื•ืช ื”ืื“ืจื™ื›ืœื™ืช ื‘ืคื•ืขืœ, ื•ืœื ืœื”ื ื—ื•ืช.

ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ืฉื™ืœื•ื‘ ื ื™ืชื•ื— ื—ื•ืฆื” ืคืœื˜ืคื•ืจืžื•ืช ืขื ืื™ื ื˜ืœื™ื’ื ืฆื™ื™ืช ืงื•ื“ ืžืคื•ืจื˜ืช, Smart TS XL ืžืกื™ื™ืข ืœืืจื’ื•ื ื™ื ืœืงื‘ื•ืข ื”ื™ื›ืŸ ื‘ื“ื™ืงื•ืช ื—ื•ืกืŸ ืฆืจื™ื›ื•ืช ืœื”ืชืžืงื“ ื•ื›ื™ืฆื“ ืฉื™ื‘ื•ืฉื™ื ืžืฉืคื™ืขื™ื ืขืœ ืชื”ืœื™ื›ื™ื ื‘ืžื•ืจื“ ื”ื–ืจื. ื‘ืฉื™ืœื•ื‘ ืขื ืžื“ื“ื™ ื”ื–ืจืงืช ืชืงืœื•ืช, ืชื•ื‘ื ื” ื–ื• ื™ื•ืฆืจืช ืœื•ืœืืช ืžืฉื•ื‘ ืกื’ื•ืจื” ืฉื‘ื” ืฆื•ื•ืชื™ื ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœืงืฉืจ ื›ืฉืœื™ื ืฉื ืฆืคื• ืขื ืžื‘ื ื™ ืงื•ื“ ืžื“ื•ื™ืงื™ื ื•ื ืงื•ื“ื•ืช ืื™ื ื˜ื’ืจืฆื™ื”. ืืกื˜ืจื˜ื’ื™ื•ืช ืื ืœื™ื˜ื™ื•ืช ื“ื•ืžื•ืช ืœืืœื• ืฉื”ื•ื›ื—ื• ื‘ืžื—ืงืจ ืขืœ ื–ืจื™ืžื•ืช ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ืžื•ืจื›ื‘ื•ืช ืฉืœ ืžื•ื“ืจื ื™ื–ืฆื™ื” ืžืžื—ื™ืฉ ืืช ื”ืฆื•ืจืš ื‘ื ืจืื•ืช ืžื‘ื ื™ืช ืžื“ื•ื™ืงืช ื‘ืžื”ืœืš ื”ืขืจื›ืช ื—ื•ืกืŸ. Smart TS XL ืžืกืคืง ื ืจืื•ืช ื–ื• ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ืžื™ืคื•ื™ ืชืœื•ื™ื•ืช ื‘ื™ืŸ ืฉืคื•ืช, ืคืœื˜ืคื•ืจืžื•ืช ื•ื’ื‘ื•ืœื•ืช ืชืคืขื•ืœื™ื™ื.

ืžื™ืคื•ื™ ื”ืชื ื”ื’ื•ืช ืชืœื•ืช ืืžื™ืชื™ืช ืœืฉื™ืคื•ืจ ืžื™ืงื•ื“ ืชืจื—ื™ืฉื™ ืชืงืœื•ืช

ื”ื–ืจืงืช ืชืงืœื•ืช ืชืœื•ื™ื” ื‘ืžื™ืงื•ื“ ืžื“ื•ื™ืง. ืื ืฆื•ื•ืชื™ื ืžื–ืจื™ืงื™ื ืฉื™ื‘ื•ืฉื™ื ืœืจื›ื™ื‘ื™ื ืฉืื™ื ื ืžื™ื™ืฆื’ื™ื ืชืœื•ืช ืชืคืขื•ืœื™ืช ืืžื™ืชื™ืช, ื”ืชื•ืฆืื•ืช ืขืฉื•ื™ื•ืช ืœืกืคืง ืชื•ื‘ื ื” ืžื˜ืขื” ืื• ืœื ืฉืœืžื” ืœื’ื‘ื™ ื—ื•ืกืŸ ื”ืžืขืจื›ืช. Smart TS XL ืžื˜ืคืœ ื‘ืืชื’ืจ ื–ื” ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ืžื™ืคื•ื™ ืชืœื•ืช ืžืขืžื™ืง ื•ื—ื•ืฆื” ืคืœื˜ืคื•ืจืžื•ืช, ื”ื—ื•ืฉืฃ ื›ื™ืฆื“ ื ืชื™ื‘ื™ ื‘ื™ืฆื•ืข ืžืชื ื”ื’ื™ื ื‘ืชื ืื™ื ืจื’ื™ืœื™ื ื•ื—ืจื™ื’ื™ื. ืžื™ืคื•ื™ ื–ื” ืžื‘ื˜ื™ื— ืฉืชืจื—ื™ืฉื™ ืชืงืœื•ืช ืžืชืžืงื“ื™ื ื‘ืจื›ื™ื‘ื™ื ื”ืžืฉืคื™ืขื™ื ื‘ืืžืช ืขืœ ื™ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืช ื”ืžืขืจื›ืช.

ืฆื•ื•ืชื™ื ืžื’ืœื™ื ืœืขืชื™ื ืงืจื•ื‘ื•ืช ืฉืชืœื•ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืคื•ืขืœ ืฉื•ื ื•ืช ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืžืฉืžืขื•ืชื™ ืžื“ื™ืื’ืจืžื•ืช ืืจื›ื™ื˜ืงื˜ื•ืจื” ืžืชื•ืขื“ื•ืช. ืชืœื•ื™ื•ืช ืขืฉื•ื™ื•ืช ืœื–ืจื•ื ื“ืจืš ืกืคืจื™ื•ืช ืžืฉื•ืชืคื•ืช, ืฉื’ืจื•ืช ืžื“ื•ืจ ืงื•ื“ื, ืžื•ื“ื•ืœื™ื ื“ื™ื ืžื™ื™ื ืื• ืฉื›ื‘ื•ืช ืื™ื ื˜ื’ืจืฆื™ื” ืฉืื“ืจื™ื›ืœื™ื ืื™ื ื ื‘ื•ื“ืงื™ื ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืฉื’ืจืชื™. ืื™ื ื˜ืจืืงืฆื™ื•ืช ื ืกืชืจื•ืช ืืœื• ืžืฉืคื™ืขื•ืช ืขืœ ืื•ืคืŸ ื”ืชืคืฉื˜ื•ืช ื”ื›ืฉืœื™ื. ืžืกืงื ื•ืช ืื ืœื™ื˜ื™ื•ืช ื“ื•ืžื•ืช ืœืืœื• ืฉื ื“ื•ื ื• ื‘ืžื—ืงืจื™ื ืฉืœ ืžื™ืคื•ื™ ื”ืฉืคืขื•ืช ื—ื•ืฆื•ืช ืคืœื˜ืคื•ืจืžื•ืช ื”ื“ื’ื™ืžื• ื›ื™ืฆื“ ื ืจืื•ืช ืžื‘ื ื™ืช ืชื•ืžื›ืช ื‘ื“ื™ื•ืง ื‘ื‘ื“ื™ืงื•ืช. Smart TS XL ืžื‘ืฆืขืช ืžื™ืคื•ื™ ื–ื” ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืื•ื˜ื•ืžื˜ื™, ื•ืžื‘ื˜ื™ื—ื” ืฉื”ื–ืจืงืช ืชืงืœื•ืช ืชื•ืืžืช ืืช ืžื‘ื ื” ื”ื‘ื™ืฆื•ืข ื”ืืžื™ืชื™ ื•ืœื ืืช ื”ื“ื™ืื’ืจืžื•ืช ื”ืžื™ื•ืฉื ื•ืช.

ืžื™ืคื•ื™ ืžื“ื•ื™ืง ืžื‘ื˜ื™ื— ื’ื ืฉืชืจื—ื™ืฉื™ ืชืงืœื•ืช ืจื‘-ืฉืœื‘ื™ื™ื ืžืฉืงืคื™ื ืชื ืื™ื ืžืฆื™ืื•ืชื™ื™ื. ืื ืฉื™ืจื•ืช ื‘ืžื•ืจื“ ื”ื–ืจื ืชืœื•ื™ ื‘ื˜ืจื ืกืคื•ืจืžืฆื™ื” ืขืงื™ืคื” ืฉืœ ื ืชื•ื ื™ื ืื• ืื ืชื”ืœื™ืš ืจืงืข ืžืงื™ื™ื ืื™ื ื˜ืจืืงืฆื™ื” ืขื ืžืฉืื‘ ืžืฉื•ืชืฃ, Smart TS XL ืžื–ื”ื” ื“ืคื•ืกื™ื ืืœื” ื•ืžื“ื’ื™ืฉ ื ืชื™ื‘ื™ ื›ืฉืœ ืคื•ื˜ื ืฆื™ืืœื™ื™ื. ืœืื—ืจ ืžื›ืŸ, ืžื”ื ื“ืกื™ื ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœืฉืœื‘ ืชื•ื‘ื ื•ืช ืืœื” ื‘ื‘ื“ื™ืงื•ืช ืื•ื˜ื•ืžื˜ื™ื•ืช, ื•ืœื”ื‘ื˜ื™ื— ืฉื”ืชืจื—ื™ืฉื™ื ืžืฉืงืคื™ื ืืช ืื•ืคืŸ ื”ืชื ื”ื’ื•ืช ื”ืจื›ื™ื‘ื™ื ืœืื•ืจืš ื›ืœ ื–ืจื™ืžืช ื”ื‘ื™ืฆื•ืข.

ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ื”ืชืืžืช ื”ื–ืจืงืช ืชืงืœื•ืช ืœื”ืชื ื”ื’ื•ืช ืชืœื•ืช ื‘ืคื•ืขืœ, Smart TS XL ืžืคื—ื™ืช ืืช ื”ืกื™ื›ื•ืŸ ืœื‘ื™ื˜ื—ื•ืŸ ื›ื•ื–ื‘ ื‘ืžืฆื‘ ื”ื—ื•ืกืŸ. ืฆื•ื•ืชื™ื ืžืงื‘ืœื™ื ื‘ื™ื˜ื—ื•ืŸ ืฉื”ื‘ื“ื™ืงื•ืช ืฉืœื”ื ืžืฉืงืคื•ืช ืกื™ื›ื•ื ื™ื ืืžื™ืชื™ื™ื ื•ืฉื”ืืกื˜ืจื˜ื’ื™ื•ืช ืฉืœื”ื ืœืžื ื™ืขืช ื ื–ืง ืžื’ื ื•ืช ืขืœ ื”ืžืขืจื›ืช ืชื—ืช ื“ืคื•ืกื™ ืฉื™ื‘ื•ืฉ ืืžื™ืชื™ื™ื.

ืžืชืื ื‘ื™ืŸ ืชื•ืฆืื•ืช ื”ื–ืจืงืช ืชืงืœื•ืช ืœื‘ื™ืŸ ืžื‘ื ื™ื ื‘ืจืžืช ื”ืงื•ื“

ืื—ื“ ื”ื”ื™ื‘ื˜ื™ื ื”ืžืืชื’ืจื™ื ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ืฉืœ ืื™ืžื•ืช ื—ื•ืกืŸ ื”ื•ื ืงื™ืฉื•ืจ ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืชื ื”ื’ื•ืช ืฉื ืฆืคืชื” ืœื‘ื™ืŸ ืžื‘ื ื™ ืงื•ื“ ื‘ืกื™ืกื™ื™ื. ื”ื–ืจืงืช ืชืงืœื•ืช ืขืฉื•ื™ื” ืœื—ืฉื•ืฃ ื’ื™ืœื•ื™ ืžืื•ื—ืจ, ืœื•ื’ื™ืงืช ื’ื™ืœื•ื™ ืœื ืขืงื‘ื™ืช ืื• ื”ืชืคืฉื˜ื•ืช ื‘ืœืชื™ ืฆืคื•ื™ื”, ืืš ืœืœื ืžืชืื ื‘ืจื•ืจ ืœืฉื’ืจื•ืช ืกืคืฆื™ืคื™ื•ืช, ืฆื•ื•ืชื™ื ืื™ื ื ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœืชืงืŸ ืคื’ืžื™ื ื‘ื™ืขื™ืœื•ืช. Smart TS XL ืžืกืคืง ืืช ื”ื ืจืื•ืช ื‘ืจืžืช ื”ืงื•ื“ ื”ื“ืจื•ืฉื” ื›ื“ื™ ืœืคืจืฉ ืชื•ืฆืื•ืช ื”ื–ืจืงืช ืชืงืœื•ืช ื‘ื“ื™ื•ืง.

ืชืจื—ื™ืฉื™ ืชืงืœื•ืช ื—ื•ืฉืคื™ื ืœืขื™ืชื™ื ืงืจื•ื‘ื•ืช ื‘ืขื™ื•ืช ื”ืงื‘ื•ืจื•ืช ืขืžื•ืง ื‘ืชื•ืš ืœื•ื’ื™ืงื” ืžื“ื•ืจ ืงื•ื“ื, ื–ืจื™ืžื•ืช ืืกื™ื ื›ืจื•ื ื™ื•ืช ืื• ืฉื’ืจื•ืช ืกืคืฆื™ืคื™ื•ืช ืœืคืœื˜ืคื•ืจืžื”. ืœืœื ื ื™ืชื•ื— ืžื‘ื ื™ ืžืคื•ืจื˜, ืคื’ืžื™ื ืืœื” ื ื•ืชืจื™ื ืงืฉื™ื ืœืื™ืชื•ืจ. ื’ื™ืฉื•ืช ื“ื•ืžื•ืช ืœืืœื• ื”ืžืฉืžืฉื•ืช ืœื‘ื—ื™ื ืช ืžื•ืจื›ื‘ื•ืช ื‘ื™ืŸ-ืคืจื•ืฆื“ื•ืจืœื™ืช ืœื”ืจืื•ืช ื›ื™ืฆื“ ืื™ื ื˜ืœื™ื’ื ืฆื™ื” ืžื‘ื ื™ืช ืžืฉืคืจืช ืืช ื“ื™ื•ืง ื”ืื‘ื—ื•ืŸ. Smart TS XL ืžื™ื™ืฉื ื˜ื›ื ื™ืงื•ืช ื“ื•ืžื•ืช ื›ื“ื™ ืœืงืฉืจ ืื ื•ืžืœื™ื•ืช ื‘ื–ืžืŸ ืจื™ืฆื” ืขื ืžื™ืงื•ืžื™ ืงื•ื“ ืžื“ื•ื™ืงื™ื, ื–ืจื™ืžื•ืช ื ืชื•ื ื™ื ื•ืžืขื‘ืจื™ ืชืœื•ืช.

ืžืชืื ื–ื” ืชื•ืžืš ื‘ืชื™ืงื•ืŸ ืžื”ื™ืจ ื•ื™ืขื™ืœ ื™ื•ืชืจ. ื‘ืžืงื•ื ืœืขืงื•ื‘ ื™ื“ื ื™ืช ืื—ืจ ื”ื‘ื™ืฆื•ืข ืขืœ ืคื ื™ ืขืฉืจื•ืช ืžื•ื“ื•ืœื™ื, ืžื”ื ื“ืกื™ื ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœื–ื”ื•ืช ืืช ื”ืžืงื•ืจ ื”ืžื‘ื ื™ ืฉืœ ื”ืชืงืœื•ืช ืฉื ืฆืคื• ื™ืฉื™ืจื•ืช. ื”ื›ืœื™ ืžื“ื’ื™ืฉ ื”ื™ื›ืŸ ืจืฆืคื™ ื’ื™ื‘ื•ื™ ื ื›ืฉืœื™ื, ื”ื™ื›ืŸ ืžืฆื‘ื™ื ืžืชืคืฆืœื™ื, ืื• ื”ื™ื›ืŸ ื”ื ื—ื•ืช ืชืœื•ืช ื ืฉื‘ืจื•ืช ืชื—ืช ืœื—ืฅ. ื”ื–ืจืงืช ืชืงืœื•ืช ื”ื•ืคื›ืช ืื– ืœืžื ื’ื ื•ืŸ ืื‘ื—ื•ืŸ ื•ืœื ืœื˜ื›ื ื™ืงืช ืชืฆืคื™ืช ื’ืจื™ื“ื.

ืงื™ืฉื•ืจ ื”ืชื ื”ื’ื•ืช ืขื ืžื‘ื ื” ืžื—ื–ืง ื’ื ืืช ื–ืจื™ืžื•ืช ื”ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ืฉืœ ื”ืžืžืฉืœ. ืฆื•ื•ืชื™ื ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœืชืขื“ ื ืชื™ื‘ื™ ืงื•ื“ ืกืคืฆื™ืคื™ื™ื ื”ืื—ืจืื™ื ืœืคื’ืžื™ ื—ื•ืกืŸ, ื•ืœืกืคืง ืจืื™ื•ืช ื‘ืจื•ืจื•ืช ืœืชื›ื ื•ืŸ ืชื™ืงื•ื ื™ื ื•ื”ืชืืžื” ืœืชืงื ื•ืช. ื–ื” ืžืฉืคืจ ื”ืŸ ืืช ื”ืฉืงื™ืคื•ืช ื”ืชืคืขื•ืœื™ืช ื•ื”ืŸ ืืช ื“ื™ื•ืง ื”ื“ื™ื•ื•ื— ื”ืจื’ื•ืœื˜ื•ืจื™.

ื—ื™ื–ื•ืง ืžืคื•ืช ื”ื“ืจื›ื™ื ืœืžื•ื“ืจื ื™ื–ืฆื™ื” ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ืชื•ื‘ื ื•ืช ื—ื•ืกืŸ

ื™ื•ื–ืžื•ืช ืžื•ื“ืจื ื™ื–ืฆื™ื” ืœืขื™ืชื™ื ืงืจื•ื‘ื•ืช ืžืฆื™ื’ื•ืช ืชืœื•ื™ื•ืช ื—ื“ืฉื•ืช, ื ืชื™ื‘ื™ ื‘ื™ืฆื•ืข ืžืฉืชื ื™ื ื•ืฉื›ื‘ื•ืช ื ื•ืกืคื•ืช ืฉืœ ื”ืคืฉื˜ื”. ืฉื™ื ื•ื™ื™ื ืืœื” ืขืœื•ืœื™ื ืœื”ืคื—ื™ืช ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืœื ืžื›ื•ื•ืŸ ืืช ื”ื—ื•ืกืŸ ืื ืœืฆื•ื•ืชื™ื ื—ืกืจื” ื ืจืื•ืช ืœื’ื‘ื™ ื”ืื•ืคืŸ ืฉื‘ื• ืจื›ื™ื‘ื™ื ืžื“ื•ืจ ืงื•ื“ื ื•ืžื•ื“ืจื ื™ื™ื ืžืงื™ื™ืžื™ื ืื™ื ื˜ืจืืงืฆื™ื” ื‘ืชื ืื™ ื›ืฉืœ. Smart TS XL ืขื•ื ื” ืขืœ ืืชื’ืจ ื–ื” ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ืžืชืŸ ืžื‘ื˜ ื”ื•ืœื™ืกื˜ื™ ืขืœ ืžื‘ื ื” ื”ืžืขืจื›ืช ื”ืชื•ืžื›ืช ื‘ืชื›ื ื•ืŸ ืžื•ื“ืจื ื™ื–ืฆื™ื” ื”ืžื‘ื•ืกืก ืขืœ ืชื•ืฆืื•ืช ื”ื—ื•ืกืŸ.

ื‘ืžื”ืœืš ื”ืžื•ื“ืจื ื™ื–ืฆื™ื”, ืฆื•ื•ืชื™ื ืžืจื‘ื™ื ืœืฉื ื•ืช ืืช ื”ืœื•ื’ื™ืงื”, ืœื”ื—ืœื™ืฃ ืฉื›ื‘ื•ืช ืื™ื ื˜ื’ืจืฆื™ื” ืื• ืœื”ืขื‘ื™ืจ ืขื•ืžืกื™ ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ืœืคืœื˜ืคื•ืจืžื•ืช ื—ื“ืฉื•ืช. ืคืขื™ืœื•ื™ื•ืช ืืœื• ืขืฉื•ื™ื•ืช ืœื”ื—ืœื™ืฉ ืืช ื’ื‘ื•ืœื•ืช ื”ื‘ื™ื“ื•ื“ ืื• ืœืฉื ื•ืช ืืช ืžืืคื™ื™ื ื™ ื”ืชื–ืžื•ืŸ ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืฉื ื—ืฉืฃ ืžืื•ื—ืจ ื™ื•ืชืจ ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ื”ื–ืจืงืช ืชืงืœื•ืช. ืชื•ื‘ื ื” ื“ื•ืžื” ืœื–ื• ื”ืžื•ืฆืขืช ื‘ื“ื™ื•ื ื™ื ืขืœ ืžืขื‘ืจื™ ืงื•ื“ ืืกื™ื ื›ืจื•ื ื™ื™ื ืžื“ื’ื™ื ืืช ื”ื—ืฉื™ื‘ื•ืช ืฉืœ ื”ื‘ื ืช ื”ืื•ืคืŸ ืฉื‘ื• ื”ืชื ื”ื’ื•ืช ื‘ืจืžืช ื”ืงื•ื“ ืžืฉืชื ื” ื‘ืžื”ืœืš ื”ืžื•ื“ืจื ื™ื–ืฆื™ื”. Smart TS XL ืžืกืคืง ืืช ื”ืžื™ืคื•ื™ ื”ื ื“ืจืฉ ื›ื“ื™ ืœืฆืคื•ืช ืืช ื”ืฉื™ื ื•ื™ื™ื ื”ืœืœื• ื•ืœื–ื”ื•ืช ื”ื™ื›ืŸ ื”ื—ืœื˜ื•ืช ืžื•ื“ืจื ื™ื–ืฆื™ื” ื™ื•ืฆืจื•ืช ืคื’ื™ืขื•ื™ื•ืช ื—ื“ืฉื•ืช ื‘ืชื—ื•ื ื”ื—ื•ืกืŸ.

ื”ื›ืœื™ ืžื–ื”ื” ื’ื ื”ื–ื“ืžื ื•ื™ื•ืช ื‘ื”ืŸ ืžื•ื“ืจื ื™ื–ืฆื™ื” ื™ื›ื•ืœื” ืœืฉืคืจ ืืช ื”ื—ื•ืกืŸ. ืœื“ื•ื’ืžื”, ืจื›ื™ื‘ื™ื ืขื ืฆื™ืžื•ื“ ืžื‘ื ื™ ื’ื‘ื•ื” ืื• ืฉืจืฉืจืื•ืช ืชืœื•ืช ืขืžื•ืงื•ืช ืขืฉื•ื™ื™ื ืœื”ืคื™ืง ืชื•ืขืœืช ืžืฉื™ืคื•ืฅ ืžืžื•ืงื“. Smart TS XL ืžื“ื’ื™ืฉ ืชื—ื•ืžื™ื ืืœื” ื•ืžืงืฉืจ ื‘ื™ื ื™ื”ื ืœืชื•ืฆืื•ืช ื”ื–ืจืงืช ืชืงืœื•ืช, ื•ืขื•ื–ืจ ืœืื“ืจื™ื›ืœื™ื ืœืชืขื“ืฃ ืฉื™ื ื•ื™ื™ื ื”ืžื ื™ื‘ื™ื ื™ืชืจื•ื ื•ืช ืžื“ื™ื“ื™ื ืฉืœ ื—ื•ืกืŸ.

ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ื™ื™ืฉื•ืจ ืกื“ืจื™ ืขื“ื™ืคื•ื™ื•ืช ืžื•ื“ืจื ื™ื–ืฆื™ื” ืขื ืชื•ื‘ื ื•ืช ื—ื•ืกืŸ, ืืจื’ื•ื ื™ื ืžืคื—ื™ืชื™ื ืกื™ื›ื•ื ื™ื, ืžืงืฆืจื™ื ืœื•ื—ื•ืช ื–ืžื ื™ื ืœืžืขื‘ืจ ื•ืžื‘ื˜ื™ื—ื™ื ืฉื”ืชืคืชื—ื•ืช ืืจื›ื™ื˜ืงื˜ื•ื ื™ืช ืžื—ื–ืงืช ื•ืœื ืžื—ืœื™ืฉื” ืืช ื”ื™ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืช ื”ืชืคืขื•ืœื™ืช.

ืฉื™ืคื•ืจ ื ื™ื”ื•ืœ ื”ื—ื•ืกืŸ ื”ืืจื’ื•ื ื™ ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ื ืจืื•ืช ืžืื•ื—ื“ืช

ื ื™ื”ื•ืœ ื—ื•ืกืŸ ื“ื•ืจืฉ ื ืจืื•ืช ืขืœ ืคื ื™ ื›ืœ ื”ืจื›ื™ื‘ื™ื, ื”ืคืœื˜ืคื•ืจืžื•ืช ื•ื”ืฉื›ื‘ื•ืช ื”ืชืคืขื•ืœื™ื•ืช. ืœืœื ื ืจืื•ืช ื–ื•, ื’ื•ืคื™ ื ื™ื”ื•ืœ ืื™ื ื ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœืงื‘ื•ืข ื”ืื ื”ื—ืœื˜ื•ืช ืื“ืจื™ื›ืœื™ื•ืช ืชื•ืืžื•ืช ืืช ื™ืขื“ื™ ื”ื—ื•ืกืŸ ืื• ื”ืื ื”ืคืจืขื•ืช ื ืฉืืจื•ืช ื‘ื’ื‘ื•ืœื•ืช ืžืงื•ื‘ืœื™ื. Smart TS XL ืžืฉืคืจ ืืช ื”ื ื™ื”ื•ืœ ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ืžืชืŸ ืชื•ื‘ื ื•ืช ืžื‘ื ื™ื•ืช ืžืื•ื—ื“ื•ืช ืขืœ ืคื ื™ ื™ื™ืฉื•ืžื™ื ืžื“ื•ืจ ืงื•ื“ื, ืžื™ืงืจื•-ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ื ืžื‘ื•ื–ืจื™ื ื•ืขื•ืžืกื™ ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ื”ื™ื‘ืจื™ื“ื™ื™ื.

ืฆื•ื•ืชื™ ืžืžืฉืœ ื“ื•ืจืฉื™ื ื™ื•ืชืจ ื•ื™ื•ืชืจ ื ืชื•ื ื™ื ื”ืงื•ืฉืจื™ื ื”ืชื ื”ื’ื•ืช ืชืคืขื•ืœื™ืช ืœื”ืงืฉืจ ืžื‘ื ื™. ืžื“ื“ื™ื ืœื‘ื“ื ืื™ื ื ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœืกืคืง ื”ืงืฉืจ ื–ื”. Smart TS XL ืžืงืฉืจ ืžื‘ื ื™ ืชืœื•ืช, ื ืชื™ื‘ื™ ืงื•ื“ ื•ืื–ื•ืจื™ ื”ืฉืคืขื” ืขื ืชื•ืฆืื•ืช ื”ื–ืจืงืช ืชืงืœื•ืช, ื•ืžืืคืฉืจ ืœื‘ืขืœื™ ืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ื‘ืžืžืฉืœ ืœื”ืขืจื™ืš ืืช ืžืฆื‘ ื”ื—ื•ืกืŸ ื‘ื‘ื”ื™ืจื•ืช. ื’ื™ืฉื•ืช ืื ืœื™ื˜ื™ื•ืช ื“ื•ืžื•ืช ืœืืœื• ื”ืžื•ืฆื’ื•ืช ื‘ื”ืขืจื›ื•ืช ืฉืœ ื•ื™ื–ื•ืืœื™ื–ืฆื™ื” ืฉืœ ืชืœื•ืช ื›ืœืœ-ืžืขืจื›ืชื™ืช ืœื”ื“ื’ื™ื ื›ื™ืฆื“ ื ืจืื•ืช ืžืื•ื—ื“ืช ืžื—ื–ืงืช ืืช ื‘ื’ืจื•ืช ื”ืžืžืฉืœ.

ื ืจืื•ืช ืžืื•ื—ื“ืช ื–ื• ืชื•ืžื›ืช ื‘ื ื™ืงื•ื“ ืกื™ื›ื•ื ื™ื, ืžื•ื›ื ื•ืช ืœื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช, ืชื›ื ื•ืŸ ืื“ืจื™ื›ืœื™ ื•ืคื™ืงื•ื— ืชืคืขื•ืœื™. ืฆื•ื•ืชื™ื ืžืงื‘ืœื™ื ืชื•ื‘ื ื•ืช ืขืงื‘ื™ื•ืช ืœื’ื‘ื™ ืžืงื•ืจืŸ ืฉืœ ื‘ืขื™ื•ืช ื—ื•ืกืŸ ื•ื›ื™ืฆื“ ื”ืŸ ืžืฉืคื™ืขื•ืช ืขืœ ื”ืชื ื”ื’ื•ืช ื”ืžืขืจื›ืช ื”ืจื—ื‘ื” ื™ื•ืชืจ. ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ืฉื™ืœื•ื‘ Smart TS XL ืขื ื–ืจื™ืžื•ืช ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ืฉืœ ื”ื–ืจืงืช ืชืงืœื•ืช, ืืจื’ื•ื ื™ื ื™ื•ืฆืจื™ื ืžื•ื“ืœ ืžืžืฉืœ ื”ืžืฉืงืฃ ืืช ืžื‘ื ื” ื”ืžืขืจื›ืช ื‘ืคื•ืขืœ ื•ืืช ืชื ืื™ ื”ืชืคืขื•ืœ ื”ืืžื™ืชื™ื™ื.

ืงื™ื“ื•ื ื—ื•ืกืŸ ืืจื’ื•ื ื™ ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ืžื“ื“ื™ ืชืงืœื•ืช ืžื•ื‘ื ื™ื

ืื™ืžื•ืช ื—ื•ืกืŸ ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ืžื“ื“ื™ ื”ื–ืจืงืช ืชืงืœื•ืช ืžืกืคืง ืœืืจื’ื•ื ื™ื ืชืžื•ื ื” ืžื“ื™ื“ื”, ื—ื•ื–ืจืช ื•ืžื“ื•ื™ืงืช ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ืฉืœ ืื•ืคืŸ ื”ื”ืชื ื”ื’ื•ืช ืฉืœ ื”ื™ื™ืฉื•ืžื™ื ืฉืœื”ื ืชื—ืช ืฉื™ื‘ื•ืฉื™ื. ื›ื›ืœ ืฉืžืขืจื›ื•ืช ืžืชืจื—ื‘ื•ืช ืขืœ ืคื ื™ ืกื‘ื™ื‘ื•ืช ื”ื™ื‘ืจื™ื“ื™ื•ืช, ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ื ืžื‘ื•ื–ืจื™ื ื•ืจื›ื™ื‘ื™ื ืžื“ื•ืจ ืงื•ื“ื ื”ืžืชืคืชื—ื™ื ื–ื” ืžื›ื‘ืจ, ืžื“ื“ื™ื ืืœื” ื”ื•ืคื›ื™ื ื—ื™ื•ื ื™ื™ื ืœื”ื‘ื˜ื—ืช ื”ืชื ื”ื’ื•ืช ืชืคืขื•ืœื™ืช ืชื•ืืžืช ืืช ื”ืฆื™ืคื™ื•ืช ื”ืืจื›ื™ื˜ืงื˜ื•ื ื™ื•ืช. ืฉื™ื‘ื•ืฉื™ื ืžื‘ื•ืงืจื™ื ื—ื•ืฉืคื™ื ืื™ื ื˜ืจืืงืฆื™ื•ืช, ืชืœื•ืช ืชื–ืžื•ืŸ ื•ื—ื•ืœืฉื•ืช ืžื‘ื ื™ื•ืช ืฉื›ืžืขื˜ ื•ืœื ื ืจืื•ืช ืœืขื™ืŸ ื‘ืžื”ืœืš ื‘ื™ืฆื•ืข ืจื’ื™ืœ. ืชื•ื‘ื ื•ืช ื“ื•ืžื•ืช ืœืืœื• ืฉื ืžืฆืื• ื‘ืžื—ืงืจ ืฉืœ ืื™ื ื“ื™ืงื˜ื•ืจื™ื ืœื›ืฉืœ ื›ืœืœ-ืžืขืจื›ืชื™ ืœื”ื“ื’ื™ื ื›ื™ืฆื“ ื”ืขืจื›ื•ืช ื—ื•ืกืŸ ื—ื™ื™ื‘ื•ืช ืœืงื—ืช ื‘ื—ืฉื‘ื•ืŸ ื”ืŸ ื”ืชื ื”ื’ื•ื™ื•ืช ื™ืฉื™ืจื•ืช ื•ื”ืŸ ื”ืชื ื”ื’ื•ื™ื•ืช ืขืงื™ืคื•ืช ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืขืจื™ืš ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืžืœื ืืช ื™ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืช ื”ืžืขืจื›ืช.

ืืจื’ื•ื ื™ื ืžื‘ื™ื ื™ื ื™ื•ืชืจ ื•ื™ื•ืชืจ ื›ื™ ืื™ืžื•ืช ื—ื•ืกืŸ ืื™ื ื• ืคืขื™ืœื•ืช ื—ื“ ืคืขืžื™ืช ืืœื ืื—ืจื™ื•ืช ืžืชืžืฉื›ืช. ืฆื™ื ื•ืจื•ืช ืื•ื˜ื•ืžื˜ื™ื™ื, ืชื–ืžื•ืจ ืชืจื—ื™ืฉื™ ืชืงืœื•ืช ื•ืฉื™ื˜ื•ืช ืื™ืžื•ืช ืžื‘ื•ืกืกื•ืช ื˜ืœืžื˜ืจื™ื” ืžื‘ื˜ื™ื—ื™ื ืฉืชื•ื‘ื ื•ืช ื—ื•ืกืŸ ื™ื™ืฉืืจื• ืขื“ื›ื ื™ื•ืช ื›ื›ืœ ืฉื”ื™ื™ืฉื•ืžื™ื ืžืชืคืชื—ื™ื. ืฉื™ื˜ื•ืช ืืœื• ื’ื ืžืกื™ื™ืขื•ืช ื‘ื–ื™ื”ื•ื™ ืจื’ืจืกื™ื•ืช ืฉืขืฉื•ื™ื•ืช ืœื ื‘ื•ืข ืžืžืืžืฆื™ ืžื•ื“ืจื ื™ื–ืฆื™ื”, ื”ืชืืžื•ืช ืชืฉืชื™ืช ืื• ืฉื™ืœื•ื‘ ืฉืœ ืชืœื•ื™ื•ืช ื—ื“ืฉื•ืช. ื›ืคื™ ืฉื”ื•ื“ื’ื ื‘ื‘ื“ื™ืงื•ืช ืฉืœ ืžืกืœื•ืœื™ ืžื•ื“ืจื ื™ื–ืฆื™ื” ืžื•ื‘ื ื™ื, ื”ืชืคืชื—ื•ืช ืื“ืจื™ื›ืœื™ืช ื“ื•ืจืฉืช ืื™ืžื•ืช ืงืคื“ื ื™ ื‘ืื•ืชื” ืžื™ื“ื” ื›ื“ื™ ืœืฉืžื•ืจ ืขืœ ื™ื›ื•ืœืช ื—ื™ื–ื•ื™ ืฉืœ ื”ืžืขืจื›ืช. ืžื“ื“ื™ ื”ื–ืจืงืช ืชืงืœื•ืช ืžืกืคืงื™ื ืืช ื”ืจืื™ื•ืช ื”ื“ืจื•ืฉื•ืช ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ื‘ื˜ื™ื— ืฉื”ื—ื•ืกืŸ ืžืชื—ื–ืง ื•ืœื ืžืชื“ืจื“ืจ ืœืื•ืจืš ื–ืžืŸ.

ืžื“ื“ื™ ื—ื•ืกืŸ ืชื•ืžื›ื™ื ื’ื ื‘ืชื”ืœื™ื›ื™ ื ื™ื”ื•ืœ ืจื—ื‘ื™ื ื™ื•ืชืจ ื‘ื›ืš ืฉื”ื ืžืืคืฉืจื™ื ืœืืจื’ื•ื ื™ื ืœื›ืžืช ืืช ื—ื•ื–ืง ื”ื‘ืœื™ืžื”, ืขืงื‘ื™ื•ืช ื”ื”ืชืื•ืฉืฉื•ืช ื•ื”ืชื ื”ื’ื•ืช ื”ืชืคืฉื˜ื•ืช ื”ื›ืฉืœ. ืžื“ื“ื™ื ืืœื” ืขื•ื–ืจื™ื ืœืฆื•ื•ืชื™ ื ื™ื”ื•ืœ ืœื”ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืื ื”ืžืขืจื›ื•ืช ืขื•ืžื“ื•ืช ื‘ื“ืจื™ืฉื•ืช ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื™ื•ืช, ื‘ืกืคื™ ื”ืชืคืขื•ืœ ื•ื‘ื”ื ื—ื™ื•ืช ืกื‘ื™ืœื•ืช ื”ืกื™ื›ื•ืŸ. ื’ื™ืฉื•ืช ื“ื•ืžื•ืช ืœืืœื• ื”ืžืชื•ืืจื•ืช ื‘ื ื™ืชื•ื—ื™ื ืฉืœ ืจืคืงื˜ื•ืจื™ื ื’ ืžื•ื ืข ื”ืฉืคืขื” ืœื”ื“ื’ื™ืฉ ืืช ื”ื—ืฉื™ื‘ื•ืช ืฉืœ ื”ื‘ื˜ื—ื” ืฉื”ื—ืœื˜ื•ืช ืื“ืจื™ื›ืœื™ื•ืช ื™ืชืงื‘ืœื• ื‘ื‘ืจื›ื” ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ืชื•ืฆืื•ืช ืžื“ื™ื“ื•ืช. ื ืชื•ื ื™ ื”ื–ืจืงืช ืชืงืœื•ืช ืชื•ืžื›ื™ื ื‘ื”ืชืืžื” ื–ื• ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ืžืชืŸ ืจืื™ื•ืช ืฉืงื•ืคื•ืช ื•ื ื™ืชื ื•ืช ืœืฉื—ื–ื•ืจ ืฉืœ ื‘ื™ืฆื•ืขื™ ื—ื•ืกืŸ.

ื›ื›ืœ ืฉื—ื•ืกืŸ ื”ื•ืคืš ืœืขื“ื™ืคื•ืช ื›ืœืœ-ืืจื’ื•ื ื™ืช, ื”ื–ืจืงืช ืชืงืœื•ืช ืžื•ื‘ื ื™ืช ืžืชื’ืœื” ื›ื™ื›ื•ืœืช ื‘ืกื™ืกื™ืช ืœื ื™ื”ื•ืœ ืกื™ื›ื•ื ื™ื, ืชื›ื ื•ืŸ ืžื•ื“ืจื ื™ื–ืฆื™ื” ื•ืžืฆื•ื™ื ื•ืช ืชืคืขื•ืœื™ืช. ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ื”ืชื™ื™ื—ืกื•ืช ืœืžื“ื“ื™ ื—ื•ืกืŸ ื›ืืœ ืคืจืงื˜ื™ืงื” ืžืชืžืฉื›ืช ื”ืžืฉื•ืœื‘ืช ื”ืŸ ื‘ื–ืจื™ืžื•ืช ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ื”ื ื“ืกื™ื•ืช ื•ื”ืŸ ื‘ืชื”ืœื™ื›ื™ ื ื™ื”ื•ืœ, ืืจื’ื•ื ื™ื ืžื—ื–ืงื™ื ืืช ื™ื›ื•ืœืชื ืœืฆืคื•ืช ื›ืฉืœื™ื, ืœื”ืคื—ื™ืช ืืช ื”ืฉืคืขืช ื–ืžืŸ ื”ื”ืฉื‘ืชื” ื•ืœืฉืžื•ืจ ืขืœ ื™ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืช ื‘ืžืขืจื›ื•ืช ืืงื•ืœื•ื’ื™ื•ืช ื“ื™ื’ื™ื˜ืœื™ื•ืช ืžื•ืจื›ื‘ื•ืช ื™ื•ืชืจ ื•ื™ื•ืชืจ. ื”ืฉื™ืœื•ื‘ ืฉืœ ื˜ืœืžื˜ืจื™ื” ืžืคื•ืจื˜ืช, ื”ื‘ื ืช ืชืœื•ืช ืžื“ื•ื™ืงืช ื•ืื™ืžื•ืช ืžืชืžืฉืš ื”ื•ืคืš ืืช ื”ื—ื•ืกืŸ ืžืžืืžืฅ ืชื’ื•ื‘ืชื™ ืœื“ื™ืกืฆื™ืคืœื™ื ื” ืืกื˜ืจื˜ื’ื™ืช ื•ื ื™ืชื ืช ืœืžื“ื™ื“ื”.